The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences最新文献_第10页

The Development of Life Goals Across the Adult Life Span. 成人一生中人生目标的发展。

IF 6.2

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab154

Laura Buchinger, David Richter, Jutta Heckhausen

{"title":"The Development of Life Goals Across the Adult Life Span.","authors":"Laura Buchinger, David Richter, Jutta Heckhausen","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbab154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab154","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Life goals are important organizing units for individual agency in development. On a societal level, they align with age-normative developmental tasks; on the individual level, they guide people's attempts at shaping their own development. This study investigates the development of life goals across the adult life span with a focus on differences regarding gender, parental status, education, and region.Method: Using longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel study (N = 52,052, age range: 18-84 years), we estimated the developmental trajectories of importance ratings for 9 life goals across the adult life span using multiple-group latent growth curve modeling.Results: Having a happy relationship or marriage, having children, and being there for others are the life goals rated as most important across almost the entire adult life span. Having a happy relationship or marriage differed strongly by gender. Up to middle adulthood it was more important for women, but more important for men in late adulthood. Parental status amplified gender differences in the work and family domain. Low education was associated with a higher perceived importance of being there for others. The largest regional differences (East vs. West) were found for home ownership.Discussion: Although the importance of some life goal trajectories reflects typical age-grading in developmental tasks, other life goals (e.g., having children) remain important even after goal attainment or after developmental deadlines have passed.","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"905-915"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39333205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Social Participation in Widowhood: Evidence From a 12-Year Panel. 守寡的社会参与:来自12年调查小组的证据。

IF 6.2

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab072

Jeremy W Lim-Soh

{"title":"Social Participation in Widowhood: Evidence From a 12-Year Panel.","authors":"Jeremy W Lim-Soh","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbab072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab072","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Social participation is important to the quality of life of older adults, especially widows. This is the first study to test whether older widows' formal and informal social participation rises or declines using multiple panel observations pre- and postbereavement. This article also tests the moderating effects of economic and marital satisfaction, depression, and husband's illness before death on these trends.Methods: Seven waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing are used to track changes in 4 measures of social participation-meeting and contacting a child, meeting friends, and attending a formal group. A comparison group of married individuals, weighted with coarsened exact matching, controls for age and time trends. Mixed model regressions estimate the effects of widowhood over time.Results: Social participation shows little change before bereavement and rises significantly after bereavement for all measures. However, frequencies of meeting and contacting a child peak and decline early postbereavement, while meeting friends and attending a group show delayed but long-lasting effects. With regard to moderators, economic and marital satisfaction are positively associated with overall social participation levels but negatively associated with social participation postbereavement.Discussion: Increased social participation after bereavement underscores the resilience of widows and the social support they receive. However, differences in timing suggest that contact with children is gradually substituted with extrafamilial relationships in the long run. The negative moderating roles of economic and marital satisfaction point to a paradox where seemingly well-off individuals may be more vulnerable to widowhood.","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"972-982"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/geronb/gbab072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38920292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Sensory Impairment and the Odds of Adverse Consequences of Unmet Needs for Care Among Older Adults. 老年人未满足护理需求的感觉障碍和不良后果的可能性。

IF 6.2

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab065

Corinne Pittman, Carrie L Nieman, Nicholas S Reed, Bonnielin K Swenor, Amber Willink

{"title":"Sensory Impairment and the Odds of Adverse Consequences of Unmet Needs for Care Among Older Adults.","authors":"Corinne Pittman, Carrie L Nieman, Nicholas S Reed, Bonnielin K Swenor, Amber Willink","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbab065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab065","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Vision and hearing impairments are highly prevalent conditions among older adults, and well-established links exist between sensory impairment and household, mobility, and self-care activity limitations. However, studies examining the impact of unmet long-term services and supports (LTSS) needs have not considered the role of vision and hearing impairment on the risk of experiencing adverse consequences, including wetting or soiling oneself.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Using Rounds 1 and 5 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study, a nationally-representative survey of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and older, we examine the association of vision and hearing impairment on the odds of experiencing an adverse consequence while accounting for other socio-demographic and health status factors.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Among a weighted population of 49,770,947 community-living older adults with limitations in household, mobility, or self-care activities, 20.1% (95% CI: 19.2-21.0) experienced an adverse consequence as a result of unmet LTSS needs. In the full-adjusted regression, individuals with vision or hearing impairment had 96% (OR:1.96; 95% CI: 1.64-2.34) and 43% increased odds (OR:1.43; 95% CI: 1.24-1.65), respectively of experiencing any adverse consequence. Hearing impairment was associated with higher odds of household or self-care adverse consequences, while vision impairment was associated with higher odds of mobility or self-care adverse consequences.\u0000\u0000\u0000DISCUSSION\u0000Sensory impairment may increase the risk for adverse consequences for older adults with unmet LTSS needs. Activities that support older adults living safely in the community should consider the role of sensory impairment and how to address the unique needs of those with hearing or vision impairment.","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"983-991"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9071397/pdf/gbab065.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38878313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Bridge Employment and Longevity: Evidence From a 10-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study in 0.16 Million Chinese. 桥梁就业与长寿:来自16万中国人10年随访队列研究的证据。

IF 6.2

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab204

Ruoyu Yin, Yiqian Xin, Maria Bhura, Zhicheng Wang, Kun Tang

{"title":"Bridge Employment and Longevity: Evidence From a 10-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study in 0.16 Million Chinese.","authors":"Ruoyu Yin, Yiqian Xin, Maria Bhura, Zhicheng Wang, Kun Tang","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbab204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab204","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Bridge employment has been encouraged by many countries worldwide as societies age rapidly. However, the health impact on bridge employment is not consistent in previous studies. This study aims to explore the association between bridge employment and long-term health outcome among the Chinese population.Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we used a subset of the China Kadoorie Biobank study, in which 163,619 participants who reached the statutory age of retirement at baseline (2004-2008) were included in this study. Mortality statistics were obtained from death registries in the Death Surveillance Points system annually. We used a Cox proportional hazard model to analyze the association between bridge employment and all-cause mortality.Results: Overall, we found that compared to retired/nonemployed men and women, hazards of all-cause mortality were lower in older people with bridge employment (men: 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77-0.88; women: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.74-0.94) in healthy populations. The protective effect of bridge employment was stronger among older adults living in rural areas and among those from a relatively low socioeconomic status.Discussion: The lower risk of all-cause mortality associated with bridge employment was consistently observed among older men and women. Our findings may provide important insights from the health dimension on the retirement policy-making in China as a hyper-aging society.","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"750-758"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8974339/pdf/gbab204.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39577055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Anticipatory Coping Diversity: Implications for Emotional, Physical, and Cognitive Reactivity to Daily Stressors. 预期应对多样性:对日常压力源的情绪、身体和认知反应的影响。

IF 6.2

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab169

Shevaun D Neupert

{"title":"Anticipatory Coping Diversity: Implications for Emotional, Physical, and Cognitive Reactivity to Daily Stressors.","authors":"Shevaun D Neupert","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbab169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab169","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study examines the concept of anticipatory coping diversity, reflected in the evenness and richness of anticipatory coping strategies. The overarching goal of this study is to show how individual differences in anticipatory coping diversity are associated with emotional, physical, and cognitive reactivity to daily stressors and to examine whether these dynamic characteristics might differ between younger and older adults.Methods: 107 younger (M age = 19.44, range 18-36) and 116 older (M age = 64.71, range 60-90) participants reported on 1,627 total days via an online daily diary study. Participants reported baseline demographic information (Day 1) and anticipatory coping, stressor exposure, negative affect, physical symptoms, and memory failures (Days 2-9). Anticipatory coping diversity was indexed at the person level using Shannon's entropy to capture the evenness and richness of anticipatory coping strategies across stressors.Results: People with more anticipatory coping diversity were less emotionally reactive, but more physically and cognitively reactive to daily stressors. Older adults exhibited less anticipatory coping diversity than younger adults, but the patterns of anticipatory coping diversity differences in reactivity appeared to be consistent across younger and older adults.Discussion: Anticipatory coping diversity reflects a useful index within the stress process that is associated with benefits as well as costs. These findings bridge dispositional and contextual approaches to coping and highlight the importance of understanding how deployment of coping strategies is related to well-being across the adult life span.","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"721-732"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39433438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Retirement Type and Cognitive Functioning in Japan. 日本的退休类型和认知功能。

IF 6.2

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab187

Masaaki Mizuochi, James M Raymo

{"title":"Retirement Type and Cognitive Functioning in Japan.","authors":"Masaaki Mizuochi, James M Raymo","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbab187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab187","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: A growing literature examines the effect of retirement on cognitive function, but pays little attention to how this relationship may depend upon the nature of retirement. Of particular importance is the growing prevalence of gradual retirement characterized by continued employment-either with a new employer or with the same employer-after retiring from a career job.Methods: We use data from men and women aged 50 or older in the Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement to examine the effects of full retirement, partial retirement with the same employer, and partial retirement with a new employer on cognitive function. Our analyses consider the moderating role of career job complexity and exploit distinctive features of the Japanese public pension and mandatory retirement systems to estimate the causal effect of retirement type on cognition.Results: Results indicate that partial retirement with the same employer has a significant and adverse effect on cognitive function (relative to those not yet retired). In contrast, those who experienced either full retirement or partial retirement with a new employer were, on average, no different from those still in their career job. Partial retirement with a new employer has a beneficial effect on cognition among those who had a high-complexity career job.Discussion: Results are consistent with the idea that novel work exposures and experiences have a beneficial effect on cognition. They also suggest that ongoing policy efforts to promote partial retirement with the same employer may have unexpected adverse implications for cognitive health.","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"759-768"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39501632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Are Older Adults More Optimistic? Evidence From China, Israel, and the United States. 老年人更乐观吗?来自中国、以色列和美国的证据。

IF 6.2

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab046

Hongmei Lin, Yuanqing Chang, Chao Chen, Yuen Wan Ho, Wanyu Xi, Xin Zhang, Helene H Fung, Liat Ayalon

{"title":"Are Older Adults More Optimistic? Evidence From China, Israel, and the United States.","authors":"Hongmei Lin, Yuanqing Chang, Chao Chen, Yuen Wan Ho, Wanyu Xi, Xin Zhang, Helene H Fung, Liat Ayalon","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbab046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab046","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Optimistic bias refers to the phenomenon that individuals believe bad things are less likely to happen to themselves than to others. However, whether optimistic bias could vary across age and culture is unknown. The present study aims to investigate (a) whether individuals exhibit optimistic bias in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and (b) whether age and culture would moderate such bias.Method: 1,051 participants recruited from China, Israel, and the United States took the online survey. Risk perceptions consist of 3 questions: estimating the infected probability of different social distance groups (i.e., self, close others, and nonclose others), the days that it would take for the number of new infections to decrease to zero and the trend of infections in regions of different geographical distances (i.e., local place, other places inside participants' country, and other countries). Participants in China and the United States also reported their personal communal values measured by Schwartz's Value Survey.Results: Results from Hierarchical Linear Modeling generally confirmed that (a) all participants exhibited optimistic bias to some extent, and (b) with age, Chinese participants had a higher level of optimistic bias than the Israeli and U.S. participants. Compared to their younger counterparts, older Chinese are more likely to believe that local communities are at lower risk of COVID-19 than other countries.Discussion: These findings support the hypothesis that age differences in risk perceptions might be influenced by cultural context. Further analysis indicated that such cultural and age variations in optimistic bias were likely to be driven by age-related increase in internalized cultural values.","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"e83-e94"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/geronb/gbab046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25477397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Paid and Unpaid Working Life Expectancy at 50 in Europe. 欧洲50岁的有偿和无偿工作寿命。

IF 6.2

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab223

Ariane Ophir

{"title":"The Paid and Unpaid Working Life Expectancy at 50 in Europe.","authors":"Ariane Ophir","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbab223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab223","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Amid growing concerns about the economic implications of population aging and the sustainability of older adults' working life, unpaid family care work receives less attention despite its direct relevance to population aging. This article systematically compares the paid and unpaid working life expectancy at age 50 to understand the overlap and trade-off between paid and unpaid work among older European adults.Method: Using data from the Survey of Health and Retirement in Europe with the Sullivan method, the article presents gender differences across 17 countries in life expectancy at age 50 at various paid (employment) and unpaid (caregiving) role configurations.Results: When work is defined to include unpaid family caregiving, women and men have similar working life expectancies at age 50, in contrast to prior research. However, its paid and unpaid components are gendered. The results also show that at age 50, women are expected to spend a similar number of years providing grandchild care and activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living care and that most of these years take place after retirement.Discussion: The results highlight that the gendered tension between paid and unpaid work persists into older adulthood and needs to be accounted for in working life expectancy measures. The results also underscore the gendered implications of population aging and unpaid work in older adulthood for retirement age policies and strategies for promoting gender equality in later life.","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"769-779"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9122755/pdf/gbab223.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39960058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Awareness of Age-Related Gains and Losses and Their Associations With Psychological Well-Being: A Longitudinal Examination. 年龄相关的得失意识及其与心理健康的关系:一项纵向研究。

IF 6.2

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab155

Bethany Wilton-Harding, Tim D Windsor

{"title":"Awareness of Age-Related Gains and Losses and Their Associations With Psychological Well-Being: A Longitudinal Examination.","authors":"Bethany Wilton-Harding, Tim D Windsor","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbab155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab155","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: How people experience their own aging is more strongly linked to well-being than chronological age. This study examined associations of awareness of age-related change (AARC) with between-person differences and longitudinal changes in psychological well-being (PWB). We expected that higher AARC gains would be associated with higher PWB and increases in PWB over time. Conversely, we expected higher AARC losses would be associated with lower PWB and a steeper decline in PWB over time. Furthermore, we tested the interaction of AARC gains and AARC losses to examine whether negative associations between AARC losses and PWB would be weaker among those reporting higher AARC gains.Methods: Data were collected in 3 waves from a 12-month longitudinal study of 408 community-dwelling older adults (aged 60 and older). Multilevel growth models were used to analyze associations between AARC and a composite measure of PWB which included key components of PWB identified in self-determination theory (satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs), as well as vitality, and life engagement.Results: At the between-person level, higher AARC gains and lower AARC losses was consistently associated with higher PWB. Furthermore, associations between AARC losses and lower PWB were weaker among those with higher AARC gains. There was no evidence to suggest the interplay of AARC gains and AARC losses had implications for change in PWB over time.Discussion: Appreciation of age-related gains may buffer the impact of AARC losses on PWB. However, longitudinal studies conducted over varying macro- and micro-time scales are needed to better understand the developmental significance of AARC for later life.","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"661-672"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39338464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Pension Policy Literacy and Retirement Expectations: A Cross-Country Survey Experiment. 养老金政策素养与退休预期:一项跨国调查实验。

IF 6.2

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab161

Jonas Radl, Juan J Fernández

{"title":"Pension Policy Literacy and Retirement Expectations: A Cross-Country Survey Experiment.","authors":"Jonas Radl, Juan J Fernández","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbab161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab161","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study reports the findings of the first cross-national survey experiment on the effects of information on the expected retirement age. Given the drawbacks of unrealistic retirement expectations, the study examines the impacts of nonpartisan information about future demographic aging and forecasted pension benefit levels.Methods: An online survey experiment was conducted in the United States, Germany, and Spain in 2018 using an internet access panel. We assigned respondents to 2 random treatments: one citing the change in the projected share of the population older than 65 years (demographic treatment) and another citing the projected change in pension replacement rates (benefits treatment), both for 2015-2040. Treatment effects on the expected retirement age are reported.Results: The benefits treatment has a strong influence on retirement expectations. In the United States, respondents informed of the expected decline in pension replacement rates expect to retire 2 years later than respondents not informed of the decline. In Spain, this treatment leads to an approximately 9-month postponement of expected retirement, while no significant effect is found in Germany. In addition, the demographic treatment does not affect retirement expectations in the countries studied. Respondents in all countries informed of future population aging do not show different expected retirement ages than respondents not given this information.Discussion: People's retirement expectations are sensitive to information on future changes in pension generosity but not to information on population aging. The results suggest information campaigns focused on declining pension replacement rates may help extend working lives.","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"739-749"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39385047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2