The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology最新文献

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Radiofrequency Device for Submucosal Turbinate Reduction - A Prospective, Open-Label Pilot Trial.","authors":"Amani Daoud, Shiri Geva, Erez Hassidov, Maayan Gruber, Eyal Sela, Tal Marshak","doi":"10.1177/00034894261453720","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00034894261453720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Inferior turbinate (IT) hypertrophy is a major cause of nasal obstruction. Although surgical intervention is effective, it can be associated with morbidity and prolonged recovery. This study evaluated the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of a novel submucosal fractional radiofrequency (FRF) treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, single-arm, open-label study was conducted from March to November 2024. Patients with nasal obstruction caused by IT hypertrophy unresponsive to at least 1 month of medical treatment were included in the study. The procedure was performed endoscopically under topical anesthesia using FRF. Outcomes were assessed using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and endoscopic turbinate grading at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after the procedure. The safety outcomes included pain scale, adverse events, and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 22 patients completed the protocol. The NOSE score improved from 71.2 to 30.0 at 1 month (<i>P</i> < .001). Sustained NOSE score improvement was observed at 3 months (37.1, <i>P</i> < .001). The VAS scores for nasal obstruction decreased from 7.4 to 3.2 at 1 month and 3.9 at 3 months (<i>P</i> < .0001). Endoscopic grading of turbinate size demonstrated a reduction at both follow-up points (<i>P</i> < .05). The average VAS score for pain was 3.4, indicating good tolerability. No bleeding, synechiae, or other adverse events were reported. Crusting appeared in 50% of patients at 1 month, resolving in all but 1 patient by 3 months. A significant correlation was observed between the pulse count and symptom improvement (<i>P</i> = .02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Submucosal FRF treatment leads to significant and sustained improvement in nasal obstruction with minimal pain and no major adverse events. These results support the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of the procedure for IT hypertrophy in an outpatient setting. Larger cohorts and long-term follow-up studies are warranted to refine the treatment and further validate these findings.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>3.</p>","PeriodicalId":520787,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology","volume":" ","pages":"842-849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148008543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Perioperative Patient Communications in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.","authors":"Bailee Monjazeb, Nicholas Cohen, Amir A Hakimi, Corinne Pittman, Leandro Socolovsky, Daniel Spielman","doi":"10.1177/00034894261500358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00034894261500358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the prevalence and reasons for patient-initiated communications (PIC) in the perioperative period for outpatient endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and identify patient or surgical factors associated with increased PIC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective chart review at a single tertiary care center performing outpatient endoscopic sinus surgery between January 1, 2023 and December 31, 2023. Patient demographics, surgical characteristics, frequency of PIC, and reasons for perioperative PIC were recorded. The average number of communications, as well as the likelihood of engaging in PIC, were compared between patient, and surgical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 167 patient charts were reviewed, among which 98 patients (59%) generated 149 PICs. Patients were 51% male, 33% had a smoking history, and 30% had a history of anxiety/depression. Most (84%) underwent primary surgery. Gender (OR 1.22; 95% CI 0.53-2.8) and smoking history (OR 1.80; 95% CI 0.71-4.7) were not associated with higher PIC frequency. PICs were more likely among patients with anxiety/depression (OR 11.9; 95% CI 4.0-35) and those who received nasal septal splints (OR 2.59; 95% CI 1.08-6.23). Preoperative PICs most commonly involved scheduling and recovery questions, while postoperative PICs were primarily related to nasal obstruction and epistaxis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Perioperative PIC is frequent among ESS patients, particularly those with anxiety/depression or nasal splints. Understanding the most common communication triggers may guide quality improvement initiatives to pre-emptively address these concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":520787,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology","volume":" ","pages":"34894261500358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149281100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Otitis Externa-Antimicrobial Resistance in the US and Canada: Phase III Study Outcomes.","authors":"Christine Bentley, Mark Lückermann, Axel Dalhoff, Andreas Vente","doi":"10.1177/00034894261496759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00034894261496759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this investigation was to characterize the microbiological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of pathogens isolated from AOE patients of 2 vehicle-controlled Phase III clinical trials and evaluate pathogen eradication rates achieved with finafloxacin otic suspension. In vitro MIC comparisons to other fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin) are reported as supplementary susceptibility data and do not reflect direct randomized clinical comparisons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2683 bacteria isolated from 1234 AOE patients enrolled in 2 Phase III clinical studies in the United States, Puerto Rico, and Canada were analyzed. Specimens were collected from the external ear of subjects with AOE. Species-level identification for each bacterial isolate recovered was obtained by combining phenotypic and genotypic data. End point minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing was performed using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommended methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>72.7% of the pre-therapy bacteria were Gram-positive and 27.3% Gram-negative. Most frequent bacterial isolates were <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (46.7%) followed by <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. (19.5%). Methicillin resistance was detected in 17.0% of <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i> (MRSA) and 33.2% of <i>S</i>. <i>epidermidis</i> (MRSE) isolates. Ciprofloxacin resistance was identified in 12.5% of <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i> and 14.0% of <i>S</i>. <i>epidermidis</i> isolates. Finafloxacin eradicated 86.4% of the MRSA isolates and 80.6% of the MRSE isolates. Finafloxacin eradicated ciprofloxacin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. in 74.4% and ciprofloxacin-resistant <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. in 87.5% of treated patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Finafloxacin demonstrated high eradication rates in AOE patients with methicillin-resistant <i>S</i>. <i>epidermidis</i> and <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i>, as well as in patients with ciprofloxacin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp.- and <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp., irrespective of the pathogen's resistance profile. These in vitro findings, together with observed eradication rates in the vehicle-controlled trials, suggest that finafloxacin may offer advantages in the treatment of resistant organisms, particularly under acidic pH conditions. However, direct clinical trial comparisons have not been conducted.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical trial registry name: ClinicalTrials.gov. URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/. Identifier: NCT01535599 and NCT01535560.</p>","PeriodicalId":520787,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology","volume":" ","pages":"34894261496759"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orbital Abscess Complicating Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis Due to <i>Streptococcus halichoeri</i>: A Rare Zoonotic Sinonasal Infection.","authors":"Sowgand Bashiri, Shazia Lutfeali, Jonathan Grein, Dennis M Tang, Arthur W Wu","doi":"10.1177/00034894261497528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00034894261497528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Secondary bacterial infections complicating allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) are uncommon but can be serious given the expansile nature of the disease which can thin and erode the bone separating the sinuses from the brain and orbits. Zoonotic pathogens are rarely implicated as pathogens.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 21-year-old African American male with several years of progressive nasal obstruction, facial pressure, and hyposmia, presented emergently with acute left eye pain and swelling, diplopia, afferent pupillary defect and inferior visual field deficit. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated acute on chronic sinusitis with a left orbital abscess. The patient underwent emergent endoscopic sinus surgery with left orbitotomy and drainage of the orbital abscess. Intraoperative findings, pathology, cultures, and allergy testing were reviewed demonstrating AFRS and a novel zoonotic bacterium, <i>Streptococcus halichoeri</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case represents the first otolaryngologic case of <i>S. halichoeri</i> infection, a severe and complicated sinus and orbital infection. It is unclear if the severity of this infection was a consequence of the unusual pathogen, of the long-term thinning of the bone around the orbit, or both. Although AFRS is not considered an infection, secondary bacterial infection may occur and cause severe complications. Early surgical intervention and culture-directed therapy are essential in managing complicated sinonasal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":520787,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology","volume":" ","pages":"34894261497528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Costs of Emergency Department Visits for Tracheotomy Patients from Long Term Acute Care Facilities.","authors":"Sydney Beatty, Robert Duncheskie, Adelaide Zhao, Ahmed M S Soliman","doi":"10.1177/00034894261492520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00034894261492520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transfers of adult patients to the Emergency Department (ED) from long-term acute care hospitals (LTACH) and skilled nursing facilities (SNF) for tracheotomy-related problems are common. The goal of this study is to determine the frequency, cost, and avoidability of these visits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After obtaining IRB approval, researchers performed a retrospective chart review to identify patients who presented to the ED from LTACHs or SNFs with tracheotomy-related complaints between August 2015 and August 2022. The reason for transfer, laboratory tests, imaging, consultations obtained, procedures performed, and length of stay were all recorded. Costs were obtained from the hospital's posted charge sheet to determine the overall cost of each visit. Avoidability of the ED visit was then determined using the validated NYU Wagner avoidable visit algorithm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 396 visits reviewed for eligibility, 93 met inclusion criteria. The most common reasons for ED visits were tracheotomy tube dislodgement (37.6%), bloody tracheal secretions (23.6%), increased respiratory distress/requirement (9.6%), inability to pass suction (8.6%), crusting, lack of supplies, or routine exchange (5.4%), and increased tracheotomy secretions (1%). Sixty-one (65.5%) patients were transferred from a SNF, whereas 32 (34.4%) were referred from an LTACH. Thirty-six patient visits (38.7%) were deemed avoidable, with one-third of these patients arriving from a single skilled nursing facility. The mean total cost for an avoidable patient visit was $3128 (range $1541-$5485).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Transfers to the ED from LTACH and SNF facilities are common and costly. Many of these visits may be avoidable by promoting focused educational partnerships.</p>","PeriodicalId":520787,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology","volume":" ","pages":"34894261492520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149169314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Radiofrequency Ablation of Posterior Nasal Nerves on Inflammatory Cytokines, Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow, and Subjective Symptom Scores in Chronic Rhinitis: A Prospective Clinical Trial.","authors":"David Z Allen, Elena E Skaribas, Ashwini Bandi, Sameer Siddiqui, Panayiotis Kontoyiannis, Jerril Jacob, Ella Hawes, Sun Hua, Kunal Shetty, William Yao, Martin J Citardi, Amber U Luong","doi":"10.1177/00034894261449672","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00034894261449672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic rhinitis (CR) is inflammation of the nasal mucosa, causing a multitude of symptoms. Temperature-controlled radiofrequency neurolysis (RFN) of the posterior nasal nerve (PNN) is a treatment for CR. In allergic rhinitis (AR), Type 2 cytokines are drivers of symptom severity. This study explores whether RFN's symptomatic improvements are linked to changes in nasal airflow and local cytokine levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, single-arm study was conducted at the Texas Sinus Institute at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. Patients with ≥6 months of CR symptoms, a reflective total nasal symptom score (rTNSS) ≥6, and refractory to medical management were included. Follow-ups occurred at 4 and 12 weeks, with the primary endpoint at 12 weeks. Symptom improvement, peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) and cytokine changes were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Seventeen patients were enrolled with 15 patients undergoing the treatment. The procedure was well tolerated with no major adverse events. The rTNSS improved from a median of 7.5 to 4 at 12 weeks (<i>P</i> < .01). Median NOSE scores improved from 52.5 to 17.5 at week 12 (<i>P</i> < .05). Minimal clinically important differences (MCID) were achieved by 67% of patients for rTNSS and 50% for NOSE. There were no significant changes in PNIF. Patient-level change in IL-10 was significantly associated with improvement in NOSE score (<i>r</i> = -.70, <i>P</i> = .011).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RFN of the PNN is a safe, effective in-office treatment for CR. While PNIF and group-level cytokines were not consistent indicators of improvement, the correlation between IL-10 and symptom relief suggests a potential link between neural ablation and the local mucosal microenvironment. This investigation shows the feasibility of cytokine monitoring to further investigate the mechanisms of rhinitis treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520787,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology","volume":" ","pages":"796-800"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13525177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147864901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitomycin C in the Endoscopic Treatment of Airway Stenosis: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Elena Russo, Giuseppe Mangiameli, Andrea Costantino, Umberto Cariboni, Bianca Maria Festa, Marco Alloisio, Giuseppe Spriano, Giuseppe Marulli, Giorgio Maria Ferraroli, Armando De Virgilio","doi":"10.1177/00034894261449765","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00034894261449765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the efficacy of adjuvant MMC in the endoscopic treatment of airway stenoses.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar databases.</p><p><strong>Review methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The PICOS tool was used to determine the eligibility criteria for this study. A single arm meta-analysis was performed for stenosis resolution, the rate of patients requiring multiple endoscopic procedures, and the rate of patients requiring other surgical treatments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total number of 358 patients (median age: 48.0 years; 95% CI 44.8-50.8) were included. The median follow-up was 25.2 months (n = 244/358; 95% CI 15.4-38.3). Overall, the cumulative stenosis resolution rate was 76.37% (n = 187/254; 95% CI 59.72-89.64), the rate of patients requiring multiple endoscopic procedures was 52.33% (n = 131/260; 95% CI 32.03-72.25), and the rate of patients requiring other surgical treatments was 4.08% (n = 26/310; 95% CI 0.37-11.48). The median intervention-free interval was 366 days (n = 155/358; 95% CI 270-696).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current evidence does not allow definitive conclusions regarding the efficacy of adjuvant MMC in reducing recurrence or prolonging intervention-free intervals in airway stenosis. Further well-designed prospective studies are needed to clarify the role of MMC and to inform evidence-based guidelines for patient selection and treatment use.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>NA.</p>","PeriodicalId":520787,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology","volume":" ","pages":"760-772"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147937059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can ChatGPT Replace Human Clinical Coders? A Comparative Study in Otology Billing.","authors":"Armo Derbarsegian, Adam S Vesole, Daniel Q Sun, Steven A Gordon","doi":"10.1177/00034894261452167","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00034894261452167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Evaluate the utility of the large language model (LLM), ChatGPT, for the analysis of operative notes and the generation of Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes in comparison to human clinical coders.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>CPT billing codes assigned by ChatGPT were compared to existing billing data. Otology practice within a tertiary academic center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>About 191 operative notes from a single surgeon (9/2022-10/2023) were analyzed. ChatGPT-3.5 and 4 models were prompted for CPT codes based on operative notes. Assessment included determining exact and partial match rates, sensitivity and specificity for targeted procedures, and work Relative Value Units (wRVU) differences between ChatGPT-generated and human-assigned codes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT-3.5 achieved exact matches in 22% of cases and partial matches in 32%, while ChatGPT-4 achieved 14% exact and 33% partial matches. When cochlear implantation (CI) was excluded, performance dropped significantly. For CI, ChatGPT-3.5 demonstrated a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 90%, while ChatGPT-4 showed a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 92%. In contrast, performance on cartilage grafting was poor, with sensitivities of 4.2% for ChatGPT-3.5 and 0% for ChatGPT-4. ChatGPT-3.5 and 4 showed moderate CPT code matching accuracy among themselves, with slight agreement to human coders. Both models tended to underbill for wRVUs compared to human coders, with significant differences in the values generated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study assessed ChatGPT's effectiveness in automating CPT code assignment for otologic surgeries. While the models achieved high sensitivity values for assigning codes related to cochlear implantation, both models struggled with complex cases, failed to apply modifiers, and often assigned fewer wRVUs. The findings highlight ChatGPT's potential in medical billing but indicate a need for further refinement.</p>","PeriodicalId":520787,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology","volume":" ","pages":"773-779"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147936818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Surgical Salvage Outcomes for Exposed Cranial Neuromodulating Devices.","authors":"Evgeniya Molotkova, Heba Isaac, Jeremy D Greenlee, Marlan R Hansen, Alexander Claussen, Brian T Andrews","doi":"10.1177/00034894261449747","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00034894261449747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Implanted neuromodulating devices (NMDs) such as cochlear implants (CIs) and deep brain stimulators (DBSs) are commonly used in modern medicine. Rarely, complications arise post-operatively, including hardware exposure. Traditional teaching suggests that these devices require removal if exposed; however, surgical salvage is a high risk, high reward alternative. We review our single institution experience managing NMD exposure with surgical salvage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective chart review was performed on individuals who had a NMD implanted and underwent an attempt at surgical salvage for exposure during the study period (January 01, 2021 through December 31, 2023). Study outcome success was defined as maintaining a functional NMD 1 year after salvage was attempted. Surgical techniques associated with successful salvage were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine of 729 patients (1.2%) implanted with NMDs experienced hardware exposure during this 2-year study period. Nine subjects were referred for NMD salvage; however, only 6 of 9 subjects (66.7%, CI = 3; DBS = 3) underwent NMD salvage attempts. Four of the subjects had successful salvage demonstrated successful salvage with a functioning NMD and without wound healing concerns 1 year after their salvage procedure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Classic teaching states that exposed NMDs require explantation. However, this approach necessarily imposes time without benefit from the NMD between explantation and reimplantation. Our experience demonstrates that surgical salvage can be a successful alternative for the majority (66.7%) of individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":520787,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology","volume":" ","pages":"746-751"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147849298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery: A Review.","authors":"Brady J Anderson, Douglas J Van Daele, Alexander D Claussen, Zachary Tanenbaum, Scott R Owen","doi":"10.1177/00034894261450724","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00034894261450724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of patients taking glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) is increasing. Beyond diabetes and weight management, these medications have various effects within the head and neck with both beneficial and potentially adverse clinical implications. Delayed gastric emptying may contribute to reflux, chronic cough, and potential aspiration in the perioperative setting; as such, physicians should be aware of anesthetic guidelines (duration of pre-operative cessation, pre-operative fasting or liquid diet) to improve safety and avoid operative delay. GLP-1RAs have shown benefit in treating obstructive sleep apnea in those with obesity or overweight and may become increasingly relevant in multimodal treatment of sleep disorders. GLP-1 receptor signaling is involved in sinopulmonary inflammatory cascades and recent evidence suggests clinical implications for chronic sinusitis and olfactory disorders. Previously reported neuroprotective effects have led to investigation regarding potential benefit in neurotoxicity-associated hearing loss. Muscle atrophy with weight loss may contribute to a gaunt, aged appearance leading patients to seek facial rejuvenation, or to a patulous eustachian tube and changes in conductive hearing. Animal studies suggested an increased risk of thyroid cancer, but population studies have been inconclusive and will require long-term investigation to determine any causal relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":520787,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology","volume":" ","pages":"801-809"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147936970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}