Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)最新文献_第2页

Reproductive Fitness and the Links to Chronic Disease and Systemic Aging. 生殖健康与慢性疾病和全身性衰老的关系。

IF 10.3

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00013.2025

Arjuman Ghazi, Hannah Henry

{"title":"Reproductive Fitness and the Links to Chronic Disease and Systemic Aging.","authors":"Arjuman Ghazi, Hannah Henry","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00013.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00013.2025","url":null,"abstract":"Female reproductive aging is the earliest manifestation of aging in humans, with fertility declining due to reduced oocyte quality well before menopause. Menopause marks the definitive end of reproductive potential and the onset of increased risk for multiple age-related, chronic diseases. Emerging evidence links reproductive disorders, from infertility to widespread gynecological conditions such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, with elevated risks of premature morbidity and mortality. Indeed, it is increasingly evident that even normal reproductive transitions such as puberty, pregnancy, and menopause, act as physiological inflection points that shape long-term systemic health. Yet, fertility continues to be viewed primarily through the prism of procreation, with limited knowledge of the underlying biological mechanisms and scarce clinical focus on its broader health implications. Recent discoveries elucidating the genetic basis of reproductive traits combined with advances in our understanding of fundamental aging mechanisms offer a compelling framework to address these persistent knowledge gaps with far-reaching public-health consequences. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on how reproductive aging, normal reproductive phases and major reproductive dysfunctions influence long-term health trajectories and argues for a shift toward integrated, lifespan-based approaches to reproductive health in research and clinical care.","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145338453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peculiarities of the mammalian oocyte cell cycle. 哺乳动物卵母细胞周期的特性。

IF 10.3

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00027.2025

Benjamin Wetherall, Suzanne Madgwick

引用次数: 0

BREATHING DURING EXERCISE: RESPIRATORY AND CIRCULATORY INTERACTIONS. 运动时的呼吸：呼吸和循环的相互作用。

IF 10.3

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00029.2025

A William Sheel, Sarah A Angus

{"title":"BREATHING DURING EXERCISE: RESPIRATORY AND CIRCULATORY INTERACTIONS.","authors":"A William Sheel, Sarah A Angus","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00029.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00029.2025","url":null,"abstract":"Under conditions of exercise the heart and lungs are linked in important ways. First, both the heart and lungs are linked in series as pumps for O2 and CO2 transport. Second they are mechanically linked owing to their location within the thorax. This means that changes in lung volume (and intrathoracic pressure) will influence cardiac filling and ejection. The respiratory muscles cyclically contract during exercise to allow for gas exchange. This ensures that the partial pressures of O2 and CO2 in the blood are largely kept within narrow limits, while the heart and circulatory system ensures gas transport to and from the tissues. The increase in metabolic rate during exercise requires substantial increases in both cardiac output and ventilation, meaning that cardiopulmonary interactions become more pronounced. In this review we explore they physiological interactions between the respiratory system and circulatory systems by asking two inter-related questions. First, what are the mechanical interactions between the respiratory and circulatory systems? Second, what are the respiratory influences on sympathetic vasomotor outflow and blood flow distribution during exercise? We end with a summary of recent studies that have addressed questions of respiratory-circulatory interactions with respect to sex differences and cardiopulmonary disease.","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145305252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zinc Transporters in diseases, including diabetes and related conditions. 疾病中的锌转运蛋白，包括糖尿病和相关疾病。

IF 10.3

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00026.2025

Wenjun Xu, Xuan Wang, Yukun Gao, Qing Ma, Weida Li

引用次数: 0

The heart-brain axis in the context of cardiovascular disease. 心血管疾病背景下的心脑轴。

IF 10.3

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00020.2025

Shagufta Haque, Partha Dutta

{"title":"The heart-brain axis in the context of cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Shagufta Haque, Partha Dutta","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00020.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1152/physiol.00020.2025","url":null,"abstract":"The heart-brain axis forms an important physiological network, which is increasingly gaining recognition due to its involvement in cardiac function under steady-state conditions and pathological modifications of the heart in cardiovascular disease. Neurological disorders are known to affect cardiac function by propagating structural alterations in the heart. On the other hand, cardiovascular events have detrimental effects on the central nervous system affecting several brain regions, such as the hippocampus, which is important for cognition. Several anatomical regions of the brain, such as cortical and subcortical forebrain structures, regulate cardiovascular functions via the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, which are parts of the autonomic nervous system, play a crucial role in cardiovascular health. Cardiovascular disease, such as myocardial infarction (MI), activates the sympathetic nervous system, leading to exaggerated cardiac remodeling and subsequent arrhythmias. MI also alters afferent sensory neurons affecting nociceptive neurotransmission. This review focuses on the significance of the heart-brain axis and summarizes recent studies in this arena.","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12515527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autonomic mechanisms of blood pressure control in females across the lifespan. 女性一生中血压控制的自主机制。

IF 10.3

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00018.2025

Qi Fu

{"title":"Autonomic mechanisms of blood pressure control in females across the lifespan.","authors":"Qi Fu","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00018.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00018.2025","url":null,"abstract":"This review summarizes current knowledge on autonomic cardiovascular function, with a focus on sympathetic neural control, in human females across the lifespan in health and disease. Specifically, sympathetic activity at rest and during stressors, sympathetic transduction into vascular resistance or blood pressure, and baroreflex sensitivity under physiological conditions (e.g., the menstrual cycle, oral contraceptives, pregnancy, and menopause) are reviewed. Further, how sympathetic neural control is influenced by pathological conditions that only affect females (e.g., polycystic ovarian syndrome and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy) or that affect a large proportion of females (e.g., postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, hypertension, and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction) are also reviewed. Generally, augmented sympathetic activity, blunted sympathetic transduction, and reduced baroreflex sensitivity are associated with disease state. Pregnancy might be the only healthy state that is linked with sympathetic activation. Despite advancements in knowledge over the past 30 years, significant research gaps persist in neural control in females, especially around perimenopause.","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cocaine-Induced Cardiovascular and Immune Dysfunction: Emerging Mechanisms. 可卡因诱导的心血管和免疫功能障碍：新出现的机制。

IF 10.3

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00004.2025

Kyce Darouiche, Shelby Devin, Silvana Valdebenito, David Ajasin, Eliseo Eugenin

引用次数: 0

The Molecular Foundations of High Heart Rates: Sarcomeric Protein Adaptations. 高心率的分子基础：肌体蛋白适应。

IF 10.3

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00021.2025

William Joyce

引用次数: 0

β-Adrenergic Receptors - Not Always Outside-In. β-肾上腺素能受体-并不总是由外而内。

IF 10.3

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00019.2025

Kimberly L Dodge-Kafka, Moriah Gildart Turcotte, Sofia M Possidento, Michael S Kapiloff

{"title":"β-Adrenergic Receptors - Not Always Outside-In.","authors":"Kimberly L Dodge-Kafka, Moriah Gildart Turcotte, Sofia M Possidento, Michael S Kapiloff","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00019.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1152/physiol.00019.2025","url":null,"abstract":"Canonical activation of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) by hormone binding occurs at the plasma membrane, resulting in the diffusion of second messengers to intracellular effector sites throughout the cell. In contrast, recent evidence suggests that functional GPCRs can induce signaling from distinct intracellular domains, contributing to specificity in signaling. Functional adrenergic receptors have been identified at intracellular sites in the cardiac myocyte such as endosomes, the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi and the inner nuclear membrane. These receptors are key regulators of cardiac physiology, mediating the response of the heart to sympathetic stimulation. Under conditions of prolonged cardiac stress leading to chronic adrenergic receptor stimulation, these receptors stimulate pathways that lead to cardiac pathophysiology such as myocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis and fibrosis, ultimately leading to heart failure. Hence, significant work has resulted in the pharmacological modulation of β-adrenergic receptors for therapeutic benefit. Here, we discuss how the localization of β1 and β2 adrenergic receptors to different sites within the cardiac myocyte dictates control over specific physiological and pathological events. We discuss how therapeutically targeting receptors at these distinct sites may be used for treatment of cardiac disease.","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physiology in Perspective. 生理学透视- 2025年7月。

IF 10.3

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00022.2025

Nikki Forrester

引用次数: 0