Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition最新文献_第2页

Paying attention: cost of cumulative life stress is for older adults only. 注意：累积生活压力的代价只适用于老年人。

IF 1.6

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2026.2642770

Guyan Sloane, Riccardo Russo, Amanda Marshall, Nicholas R Cooper

{"title":"Paying attention: cost of cumulative life stress is for older adults only.","authors":"Guyan Sloane, Riccardo Russo, Amanda Marshall, Nicholas R Cooper","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2642770","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2642770","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental evidence consistently demonstrates older adults often perform worse than younger adults across various cognitive domains. Prior studies reported that older adults with high lifetime stress perform worse on working memory and inhibitory tasks than both younger individuals and older adults with low stress. Notably, low-stress older adults performas well as younger adults, indicating that life-time cumulative stress, rather than age alone, may drive some cognitive decline during aging. However, this stress-age affect on attention, the underlying process of both working memory and inhibition is yet to be investigated. In this within-subjects cross-sectional online study 141 participants (n = 85 under 30 and n = 56 over 60) identified two target words in an Attentional Blink task. Participants also reported their lifetime and perceived stress and their state anxiety. Using linear mixed models and Bayes Factors, we provide evidence that age and lifetime stress predict overall attentional performance on the Attentional Blink task. This supports the hypothesis that older high life-time stress participants would score lower on the attentional task compared to older low-stress participants and younger participants. Due to the interconnected nature of attention, these results suggest the stress-age interaction could be a factor in other cognitive domains that are susceptible to age-related decline. On a positive note, the results also suggest that attentional decline during aging, like impairments in working memory and inhibition, may be exacerbated by factors outside of simply getting older (here, elevated lifetime exposure to stress) and may therefore, not be inevitable.","PeriodicalId":520721,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition","volume":" ","pages":"215-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing the efficacy of a defocusing intervention to improve affective forecasting accuracy in younger and older adults. 测试散焦干预对提高年轻人和老年人情感预测准确性的有效性。

IF 1.6

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2026.2642773

Michael Sobel Misieczko, Sarah J Barber

{"title":"Testing the efficacy of a defocusing intervention to improve affective forecasting accuracy in younger and older adults.","authors":"Michael Sobel Misieczko, Sarah J Barber","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2642773","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2642773","url":null,"abstract":"Affective forecasting, the process of predicting future feelings, is key for decision-making, but prone to errors. Prior research suggests that age differences in forecasting accuracy vary by event valence such that older adults tend to be more accurate than younger adults when imagining how they will feel following positive events but less accurate when imagining how they will feel following negative events. This study tested whether a brief defocusing instruction could reduce affective forecasting errors and attenuate these age differences. In the week prior to the 2024 U.S. presidential election, younger (ages 18-35) and older (ages 58-79) U.S. voters (N = 670) predicted how they would feel in the week following the election under three scenarios: their preferred candidate winning, their preferred candidate losing, or the result being too close to call. Prior to making these forecasts, participants were randomly assigned to either a control or defocusing condition. Those in the defocusing condition were reminded to consider not only the election but also other daily life events that might shape their feelings. One week after the election, participants reported their actual post-election feelings. Results replicated prior findings: older adults made more accurate forecasts than younger adults when their preferred candidate won, but less accurate forecasts when their candidate lost. However, the defocusing instruction did not improve affective forecasting accuracy for either age group. This null finding suggests that simply prompting participants to consider daily life is insufficient to counter focalism, highlighting the need for more structured interventions in future research.","PeriodicalId":520721,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition","volume":" ","pages":"236-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147518306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of memory support strategies on patient recall for treatment content in individuals with and without cognitive impairment. 记忆支持策略对有或无认知障碍患者回忆治疗内容的影响。

IF 1.6

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-13 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2026.2672375

Anne E Milner, Crystal Woo, Linyan Ge, Sophia Oliver, Katrina Kuo, Kate Marcotullio, Joshua Varghese, Kiely Bol, Holly Bae, Sondra S Tiab, Laurel D Sarfan, Garret G Zieve, Joseph K Carpenter, Allison G Harvey

{"title":"The impact of memory support strategies on patient recall for treatment content in individuals with and without cognitive impairment.","authors":"Anne E Milner, Crystal Woo, Linyan Ge, Sophia Oliver, Katrina Kuo, Kate Marcotullio, Joshua Varghese, Kiely Bol, Holly Bae, Sondra S Tiab, Laurel D Sarfan, Garret G Zieve, Joseph K Carpenter, Allison G Harvey","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2672375","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2672375","url":null,"abstract":"The Memory Support Intervention was developed to improve poor memory for treatment by incorporating two different strategies into treatment: (1) constructive, where patients construct new ideas, inferences, or connections related to treatment content, and (2) non-constructive, which only highlight treatment content. The current study investigated the effects of delivering these strategies alongside treatment for midlife and older adults (≥60 years) with sleep difficulties, either experiencing cognitive impairment (CI; n = 29) or not (n = 30). Participants viewed video modules from the Transdiagnostic Intervention for Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction (TSC) and then received memory support. Aim 1 examined the effects of CI group and memory support type on recall. As expected, individuals with CI had poorer recall, but constructive memory supports reduced the difference between groups, suggesting constructive supports may be more effective than non-constructive memory supports in buffering against decline in recall for those with CI. Aim 2 evaluated the effects of CI and memory supports on thoughts and application of treatment content, but found no significant effects. Aim 3 examined how the number of treatment points affected recall. While an increase in points generally decreased recall, this was moderated by CI status and support type. Specifically, the decline in recall was most pronounced for the CI group following non-constructive supports. In contrast, constructive supports mitigated this impairment, resulting in comparable recall between groups when a larger amount of content was presented. Overall, constructive strategies may be particularly effective for helping individuals with CI better remember treatment content.","PeriodicalId":520721,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition","volume":" ","pages":"296-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147937302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Task-dependent cognitive effects of intermittent theta-burst stimulation across the adult lifespan. 间歇性脑波爆发刺激在成人寿命中的任务依赖认知效应。

IF 1.6

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2026.2628595

Amy Miller, Richard J Allen, Rumana Chowdhury, Melanie Rose Burke

{"title":"Task-dependent cognitive effects of intermittent theta-burst stimulation across the adult lifespan.","authors":"Amy Miller, Richard J Allen, Rumana Chowdhury, Melanie Rose Burke","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2628595","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2628595","url":null,"abstract":"Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation (iTBS) of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) has the potential to enhance cognitive function by inducing long-term potentiation-like effects, modulating cortical excitability and network plasticity. However, the precise effects of iTBS across specific cognitive domains, age groups, and hemispheres remains unclear. Fifty-three adults aged 19-73 years, participated in a within-subject crossover designed study, receiving iTBS to the left and right DLPFC across two sessions, spaced one week apart. Cognitive tasks assessed four cognitive domains of attention, working memory, sequence learning, and inhibition. Processing speed and accuracy were assessed using time and hemisphere as fixed effects and age as a continuous variable in linear mixed effects and Bayesian models. There was an overall slowing of reaction time with age across all tasks. Brain stimulation reduced reaction times in attention and working memory tasks in all participants. Accuracy improved for working memory following iTBS, with a right hemisphere advantage. ITBS of the DLPFC influences cognition in a task-dependent manner. Improvements in attention were not influenced by hemisphere, suggesting a facilitation of top-up processing after DLPFC stimulation. Working memory enhancements were a dominant effect, especially following right hemisphere iTBS stimulation supporting lateralized optimization of visuospatial storage. These findings highlight iTBS as a potential noninvasive tool for cognitive enhancement. Future research should explore the longevity of these effects and their applicability in clinical populations.","PeriodicalId":520721,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition","volume":" ","pages":"164-191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146160002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The TOT-object paradigm: towards a greater understanding of speech disfluencies during tip-of-the-tongue states in older adults. TOT-object范式：对老年人舌尖状态下言语不流畅的更好理解。

IF 1.6

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2026.2620741

Amelie Verschueren, Sofie Van de Velde, Merel Muylle, Aurélie Pistono

{"title":"The TOT-object paradigm: towards a greater understanding of speech disfluencies during tip-of-the-tongue states in older adults.","authors":"Amelie Verschueren, Sofie Van de Velde, Merel Muylle, Aurélie Pistono","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2620741","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2620741","url":null,"abstract":"Existing literature on speech disfluencies in healthy aging often categorizes them as indicators of word-finding difficulties, yet disfluencies can arise from multiple sources. To isolate those specifically linked to word-form retrieval failure, this study used the Tip-of-the-Tongue (TOT) Object Paradigm, a controlled task designed to elicit TOT states under well-defined conditions. Twenty-seven younger ( <25 years) and twenty-six older (60-72 years) adults learned and named newly created objects associated with pseudoword labels. TOTs were categorized as solved or unsolved following phonological cueing. Participants produced more disfluencies during TOTs than during fluent naming, particularly silent pauses, filled pauses, conduites d'approche, and phonological errors, confirming that these behaviors index word-form retrieval difficulty. However, disfluency patterns were comparable in solved and unsolved TOTs, suggesting that they reflect retrieval difficulty rather than retrieval success. Older adults produced significantly more disfluencies than younger adults in the no-TOT condition, pointing to possible age-related differences in metacognitive monitoring, whereby older speakers may experience retrieval difficulty without consciously reporting a TOT. Overall, the TOT-object paradigm provides a reproducible method to investigate the behavioral and metacognitive correlates of word-form retrieval and their modulation by age.","PeriodicalId":520721,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition","volume":"33 2","pages":"120-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of attribute framing and polarization levels on evaluations among older and younger adults. 属性框架和极化水平对老年人和年轻人评价的影响。

IF 1.6

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2026.2621862

Hamutal Kreiner, Dorin Segal, Ainat Pansky, Eyal Gamliel

{"title":"The effect of attribute framing and polarization levels on evaluations among older and younger adults.","authors":"Hamutal Kreiner, Dorin Segal, Ainat Pansky, Eyal Gamliel","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2621862","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2621862","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive changes associated with aging bear both advantages and disadvantages for information processing that affect evaluations among older adults. Previous research showed that individuals evaluate objects more favorably when the object is framed positively (e.g. 85% success) rather than negatively (e.g. 15% failure). Evaluations are also sensitive to polarization levels of quantitative information (e.g. 90%/10% vs. 70%/30% success/failure). This paper examines how attribute framing and polarization levels moderate evaluations among older and younger adults. Study 1 examined older adults sampled from community centers for retired people and younger adults sampled in public places. The findings showed that older adults were more susceptible to attribute framing than younger adults, whereas their sensitivity to polarization levels was lower. To test older adults who are still working, Study 2 recruited both older and younger adults from an online panel. The findings replicated the effects of attribute framing and polarization level, but these effects were not significantly different across age groups. The difference between Study 1 and Study 2 in age-related effects suggests that chronological age is not the sole predictor of changes in evaluations and decision making among older adults. Future research should explore the contribution of cognitive - social aptitudes to these changes. The findings were interpreted in view of fuzzy-trace theory, suggesting that older adults rely more heavily on gist, owing to better experience-based abstractions, along with poorer verbatim representations, making them more susceptible to framing bias and less sensitive to polarization levels. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":520721,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition","volume":" ","pages":"142-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146115444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cortical representation of masked speech: effects of age, attention, and linguistic information in maskers. 蒙面言语的皮层表征：蒙面者年龄、注意力和语言信息的影响。

IF 1.6

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2025.2589324

Anoop Basavanahalli Jagadeesh, Ajith Kumar Uppunda

{"title":"Cortical representation of masked speech: effects of age, attention, and linguistic information in maskers.","authors":"Anoop Basavanahalli Jagadeesh, Ajith Kumar Uppunda","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2025.2589324","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2025.2589324","url":null,"abstract":"Age-related declines in speech recognition are consistently linked to several interrelated factors - auditory acuity (peripheral and/or central), cognition, linguistic processing, neurophysiological efficiency, etc. These declines become more apparent in adverse listening conditions, such as informational masking, the additional masking effects that occur due to linguistic and/or cognitive confusions between the target sound and masker. In this study, we evaluated the age-related changes in the cortical representation of speech under different masking (informational vs energetic) and attention (active vs passive) conditions. We measured high-density cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) in 60 participants (30 young adults and 30 older adults) with clinically normal hearing (pure tone average <15 dB HL). CAEPs were recorded in the presence of informational and energetic (no linguistic information) maskers, while the participants either attended (active attention) or ignored (passive attention) the stimuli. Results showed that informational maskers caused significantly greater N1 latency delays than energetic maskers, with older adults showing significantly greater delays than younger adults. Active attention resulted in significantly larger N1 amplitudes compared to passive attention, with minimal age-related differences, possibly due to the strict criteria of auditory acuity in the older adult group. Further, microstate segmentation analyses, in addition to confirming the age-related delays in cortical responses (similar to N1 latencies), revealed longer engagement of fronto-central cortical regions under informational maskers, regardless of the presence of lexical-semantic information in the maskers. These findings, therefore, highlight the systematic effects of aging, attention, and linguistic complexity on the cortical representation of masked speech.","PeriodicalId":520721,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition","volume":" ","pages":"87-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multidimensional approach of theory of mind in healthy aging. 健康老龄化心理理论的多维途径。

IF 1.6

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2026.2630924

Arthur Vaugeois, Yannick Gounden, Anaïs Dethoor, Mathieu Hainselin, Harmony Duclos

{"title":"Multidimensional approach of theory of mind in healthy aging.","authors":"Arthur Vaugeois, Yannick Gounden, Anaïs Dethoor, Mathieu Hainselin, Harmony Duclos","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2630924","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2026.2630924","url":null,"abstract":"Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to infer mental states, includes multiple dimensions: the nature of mental states (i.e. cognitive and affective), level of recursive reasoning, and decoding-reasoning processes. Because previous studies have used diverse methodologies and have often focused on only one dimension of ToM, it remains difficult to draw clear conclusions about potential age-related effects. The aim of this study was to jointly assess the different dimensions of ToM and error type in the attribution of mental states during normal aging with validated tests conventionally used in research and clinical practice. Fifty-four young adults (18-40 years, M = 25.4 years, SD = 6.91), 53 middle-aged adults (41-60 years, M = 50.4 years, SD = 4.95) and 56 older adults (61-82 years, M = 70.4 years, SD = 5.13) were recruited. The different ToM dimensions were assessed with TOM-15 (i.e. cognitive ToM and recursive reasoning level), Picture of Facial Affect Test (i.e. affective ToM and decoding), Faux-pas task (i.e. cognitive and affective ToM and decoding-reasoning level) and the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (i.e. cognitive and affective ToM as well as the type of ToM error). The analysis showed a progressive age-related effect across all ToM dimensions, although the direction and magnitude of these effects varied depending on the contextual demands involved. These results align with our hypothesis, indicating that adults experience progressively greater difficulties in understanding and predicting others' behaviors. A multidimensional ToM assessment could better inform interventions tailored to the cognitive and affective social needs of older people.","PeriodicalId":520721,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition","volume":" ","pages":"192-214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bilingualism effect for delaying dementia onset: a Bayesian meta-analysis. 双语对延缓痴呆发病的影响：贝叶斯荟萃分析。

IF 1.6

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2025.2566699

Ziyuan Li, Stefano Coretta

{"title":"Bilingualism effect for delaying dementia onset: a Bayesian meta-analysis.","authors":"Ziyuan Li, Stefano Coretta","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2025.2566699","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2025.2566699","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence suggests that lifelong practice of two or more languages may contribute to cognitive reserve and protect against dementia. Most retrospective studies comparing bilinguals' and monolinguals' age at dementia onset report a delay for bilinguals. However, some studies suggest that such protective effects may be specific to certain types of dementia. Meanwhile, several prospective studies which investigated whether bilingualism reduces the incidence rate of dementia produced null results. Therefore, we conducted the first Bayesian meta-analysis to examine the relationship between bilingualism and age at onset of dementia and bilingualism and the incidence rate of dementia respectively. The results from 18 age at onset studies revealed that bilinguals were, on average, 3.45 years older than monolinguals at symptom onset (95% credible interval [CrI]: [2.8, 4.1]). Moreover, the result was only slightly influenced by years of education, although the effect of education on dementia remains uncertain. The results from six incidence rate studies did not provide robust evidence for bilingualism's preventive effect. Therefore, this meta-analysis demonstrated that bilingualism has potential effects in delaying the onset of dementia but not preventing it. Moreover, subgroup analyses revealed a relatively consistent pattern of delayed symptom onset among bilinguals, though the estimated delays differed across dementia types. However, due to the limited number of studies available for each dementia subtype, uncertainty remains regarding whether bilingualism induces differential effects across dementia types. This highlights the need for further research specifically targeting non-Alzheimer's dementias to better clarify these potential differences.","PeriodicalId":520721,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detail memory for similar short stories among older and younger adults. 老年人和年轻人对类似短篇故事的详细记忆。

IF 1.6

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2025.2584834

Justin M Palmer, Andruw Martinez, Maria Karnafel, Lee Ryan

{"title":"Detail memory for similar short stories among older and younger adults.","authors":"Justin M Palmer, Andruw Martinez, Maria Karnafel, Lee Ryan","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2025.2584834","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2025.2584834","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of pattern separation have consistently shown poorer performance among older adults when identifying perceptually similar objects compared to younger adults, despite equal performance at recognizing repeated objects. Additionally, tasks that embed or overlay objects on contexts reliably show benefits from repeating the context but detriments when the context is shifted, particularly for older adults. However, it remains unclear as to how performance on these tasks generalize to everyday memory functioning. Pattern separation is likely critical for utilizing not only subtle perceptual details but also other rich sensory and semantic information that fill an episodic memory and often not accounted for on traditional object recognition tasks. In the present study, we designed a task to assess the memory for details of short narrative stories among younger (n = 20) and older adults (n = 20). Participants listened to 20 stories while viewing a unique picture of the context of the event, followed by a yes/no recognition task asking about an identical or semantically similar detail. Context during recognition was also manipulated, such that questions were paired in either the same, consistent, inconsistent, or Fourier-transformed image conditions. Older and younger adults did not differ when answering questions about the identical detail, but age interacted with context, such that the same context benefitted recognition memory for younger but not older adults. Surprisingly, older and younger adults did not differ when identifying similar details. Taken together, our results indicate that age-related impairments observed viewing visually similar objects may not extend to conceptually similar details of narrative stories.","PeriodicalId":520721,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition","volume":" ","pages":"45-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145644749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0