{"title":"Achievements and Perspectives on Fe-Based Shape Memory Alloys for Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Bridges: An Overview.","authors":"Xuhong Qiang, Longlong Chen, Xu Jiang","doi":"10.3390/ma15228089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15228089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reinforced concrete (RC) bridges often face great demands of strengthening or repair during their service life. Fe-based shape memory alloys (Fe-SMAs) as a kind of low-cost smart materials have great potential to enhance civil engineering structures. The stable shape memory effect of Fe-SMAs is generated by, taking Fe-Mn-Si alloys as an example, the martensite transformation of fcc(γ) → hcp(ε) and its reverse transformation which produces considerable recovery stress (400~500 MPa) that can be used as prestress for reinforcement of RC bridges. In this work, the mechanism, techniques, and applications of Fe-SMAs in the reinforcement of RC beams in the past two decades are classified and introduced in detail. Finally, some new perspectives on Fe-SMAs application in civil engineering and their expected evolution are proposed. This paper offers an effective active rehabilitation alternative for the traditional passive strengthening method of RC bridges.</p>","PeriodicalId":520706,"journal":{"name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40496329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Franziska Eichhorn, Julia Bytomski, Markus Gerauer, Ken-Ichi Kakimoto, Tobias Fey
{"title":"Improved Mechanical Amplification of Monolithic PZT and PZT Composite via Optimized Honeycomb Macrostructures.","authors":"Franziska Eichhorn, Julia Bytomski, Markus Gerauer, Ken-Ichi Kakimoto, Tobias Fey","doi":"10.3390/ma15227893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15227893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Honeycomb-based, modular composites with a relative density of 0.3948 and a slenderness ratio <i>L<sub>ges</sub>/t</i> of 6.48 were fabricated on PZT building blocks connected with a PZT-filled phenyl silicone resin. The macro- and micro-structure, phase composition, and the interface between the two materials were analyzed by SEM and image analysis techniques. The mechanical <i>in-plane</i> strain response was determined with uniaxial compression tests and the <i>transversal</i> piezoelectric strain response was determined by applying an electric field. These deformations were analyzed by a 2D digital image correlation analysis to calculate the mechanical strain amplification of monolithic and composite PZT lattice structures. Compared to bulk PZT, the piezoelectric strain amplification in the Y-direction |<i>a<sub>y</sub><sup>piezo</sup></i>| was higher by a factor of 69 for the composite and by a factor of 12 for the monolithic cellular PZT lattice, when it was assumed that the ratio of the deformation of the bulk material to bulk material was 1. The mechanical amplification of the composite lattices increased up to 73 and that of the cellular PZT lattices decreased to 12. Special focus was given to the fracture behavior and the interface of the PZT/PZT-filled phenyl silicone resin interface.</p>","PeriodicalId":520706,"journal":{"name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40487106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Philipp Yu Gorobtsov, Artem S Mokrushin, Tatiana L Simonenko, Nikolay P Simonenko, Elizaveta P Simonenko, Nikolay T Kuznetsov
{"title":"Microextrusion Printing of Hierarchically Structured Thick V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> Film with Independent from Humidity Sensing Response to Benzene.","authors":"Philipp Yu Gorobtsov, Artem S Mokrushin, Tatiana L Simonenko, Nikolay P Simonenko, Elizaveta P Simonenko, Nikolay T Kuznetsov","doi":"10.3390/ma15217837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The process of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> oxide by the combination of sol-gel technique and hydrothermal treatment using heteroligand [VO(C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>7</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2-x</sub>(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>O)<sub>x</sub>] precursor was studied. Using thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and infra-red spectroscopy (IR), it was found that the resulting product was VO<sub>2</sub>(B), which after calcining at 300 °C (1 h), oxidized to orthorhombic V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results for V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> powder showed that it consisted of nanosheets (~50 nm long and ~10 nm thick) assembled in slightly spherical hierarchic structures (diameter ~200 nm). VO<sub>2</sub> powder dispersion was used as functional ink for microextrusion printing of oxide film. After calcining the film at 300 °C (30 min), it was found that it oxidized to V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, with SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) results showing that the film structure retained the hierarchic structure of the powder. Using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), the work function value for V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> film in ambient conditions was calculated (4.81 eV), indicating a high amount of deficiencies in the sample. V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> film exhibited selective response upon sensing benzene, with response value invariable under changing humidity. Studies of the electrical conductivity of the film revealed increased resistance due to high film porosity, with conductivity activation energy being 0.26 eV.</p>","PeriodicalId":520706,"journal":{"name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9655664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40679539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bartosz Zieliński, Krzysztof Nadolny, Wojciech Zawadka, Tomasz Chaciński, Wojciech Stachurski, Gilmar Ferreira Batalha
{"title":"Effect of Pro-Ecological Cooling and Lubrication Methods on the Sharpening Process of Planar Blades Used in Food Processing.","authors":"Bartosz Zieliński, Krzysztof Nadolny, Wojciech Zawadka, Tomasz Chaciński, Wojciech Stachurski, Gilmar Ferreira Batalha","doi":"10.3390/ma15217842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work presents the results of an experimental study of the sharpening of planar technical blades used in the fish processing industry. Sharpening was carried out in the grinding process using several environmentally friendly methods of cooling and lubricating the machining zone (MQL method, CAG nozzle, hybrid method that is a combination of MQL and CAG methods, as well as WET flooding method as reference). The purpose of the research was to determine the possibility of reducing the negative environmental impact of the sharpening process of technical blades by minimizing the expenditure of coolant. The application of the MQL method and the hybrid MQL + CAG method provided a very good realization of the lubricating function so that the share of friction of dulled cutting vertices against the workpiece surface is reduced, which manifests itself in the reduction of the grinding force and the correlated grinding power. In the case of grinding under cooled compressed air delivery conditions, the average cutting force was as much as 91.6% higher (<i>F</i> = 22.63 N) compared to the result obtained for the most favorable flooding method, demonstrating the insufficient quality of the blade shaped under such conditions. A comprehensive comparison of test results on grinding power gain, cutting force and surface texture suggests that the most favorable sharpening results were obtained using the environmentally friendly MQL method of cooling and lubricating the grinding zone.</p>","PeriodicalId":520706,"journal":{"name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9658507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40679543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uzair Khaleeq Uz Zaman, Usman Ahmed Khan, Shahid Aziz, Aamer Ahmed Baqai, Sajid Ullah Butt, Danish Hussain, Ali Siadat, Dong Won Jung
{"title":"Optimization of Wire Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM) Process Parameters for AISI 1045 Medium Carbon Steel Using Taguchi Design of Experiments.","authors":"Uzair Khaleeq Uz Zaman, Usman Ahmed Khan, Shahid Aziz, Aamer Ahmed Baqai, Sajid Ullah Butt, Danish Hussain, Ali Siadat, Dong Won Jung","doi":"10.3390/ma15217846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the growth of the manufacturing industry, the demand for alloy materials with high hardness, toughness, and impact strength has increased. Since products from such alloy materials are extremely difficult to manufacture with high accuracy and reduced surface roughness using traditional machining techniques, wire electric discharge machining can be used to machine such complex parts with more precision. In this case-study-based research, machining factors such as current, pulse-on time, and voltage are studied to determine their effects on the material removal rate for AISI 1045 medium carbon steel. The Taguchi L<sub>9</sub> orthogonal array is used in the design of experiments for optimization. Statistical techniques such as analysis of variance and signal-to-noise ratio are used to identify the control parameters that matter most in bringing about optimal results. Based on the results, the current is the most crucial control variable in this investigation. Moreover, the maximum material removal rate obtained was 0.7112 mm<sup>3</sup>/min with the obtained optimized values of current (I) = 16 A, voltage (V) = 50 V, and pulse-on time (Ton) = 100 µs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520706,"journal":{"name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9655735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40680456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Formation of Shaped Charge Projectile in Air and Water.","authors":"Zhifan Zhang, Hailong Li, Longkan Wang, Guiyong Zhang, Zhi Zong","doi":"10.3390/ma15217848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the improvement of the antiknock performance of warships, shaped charge warheads have been focused on and widely used to design underwater weapons. In order to cause efficient damage to warships, it is of great significance to study the formation of shaped charge projectiles in air and water. This paper uses Euler governing equations to establish numerical models of shaped charges subjected to air and underwater explosions. The formation and the movement of Explosively Formed Projectiles (EFPs) in different media for three cases: air explosion and underwater explosions with and without air cavities are discussed. First, the velocity distributions of EFPs in the formation process are discussed. Then, the empirical coefficient of the maximum head velocity of EFPs in air is obtained by simulations of air explosions of shaped charges with different types of explosives. The obtained results agree well with the practical solution, which validates the numerical model. Further, this empirical coefficient in water is deduced. After that, the evolutions of the head velocity of EFPs in different media for the above three cases are further compared and analyzed. The fitting formulas of velocity attenuation of EFPs, which form and move in different media, are gained. The obtained results can provide a theoretical basis and numerical support for the design of underwater weapons.</p>","PeriodicalId":520706,"journal":{"name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9653821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40680457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ji-Hun Park, Seung-Tae Jeong, Quang-The Bui, In-Hwan Yang
{"title":"Strength and Permeability Properties of Pervious Concrete Containing Coal Bottom Ash Aggregates.","authors":"Ji-Hun Park, Seung-Tae Jeong, Quang-The Bui, In-Hwan Yang","doi":"10.3390/ma15217847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the strength and permeability properties of pervious concrete-containing coal bottom ash (CBA) aggregates. Two pervious concrete mixtures were fabricated with different aggregate size distributions. One mixture contained CBA aggregates with a single-type distribution and the other mixture contained CBA aggregates with a hybrid-type distribution. The test parameters of the CBA pervious concrete included the water/cement (W/C) ratio and compaction level to investigate their effects on the properties. W/C ratios of 0.25, 0.30, and 0.35 were considered for the mixture, and compaction levels of 0.5, 1.5, and 3.0 MPa were applied to fabricate the pervious specimen. The increase in the W/C ratio reduced the strength by approximately 20% to 30% of the CBA pervious concrete. The increase in the compaction level reduced the permeability by approximately four to five times but significantly increased the strength of the CBA pervious concrete. The test results indicate that the use of single-type CBA or hybrid CBA aggregates with different size distributions affected the properties of the pervious concrete. The strength of specimens, including hybrid CBA aggregates, was 30% to 45% greater than that of the specimens containing single-type CBA aggregates. Meanwhile, the use of hybrid CBA aggregates reduced the permeability of the CBA pervious concrete by approximately 20% to 35%. Finally, relationships between the strength properties, permeability characteristics and total void ratios of the CBA pervious concrete specimens are suggested based on the test results.</p>","PeriodicalId":520706,"journal":{"name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9658258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40680458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arsen E Muslimov, Makhach Kh Gadzhiev, Vladimir M Kanevsky
{"title":"Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Barium Hexaferrite Coatings with Low Magnetic Hardness.","authors":"Arsen E Muslimov, Makhach Kh Gadzhiev, Vladimir M Kanevsky","doi":"10.3390/ma15217865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using the multifunctional material barium hexaferrite as an example, the prospects for treatment at a quasi-equilibrium low temperature in an open atmosphere to form superhydrophobic magnetic coatings with pronounced crystalline and magnetic anisotropy have been demonstrated for the first time. The relationship between plasma treatment conditions, structural-phase composition, morphology, and superhydrophobic properties of (0001) films of barium hexaferrite BaFe<sub>12</sub>O<sub>19</sub> on C-sapphire is studied. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), as well as magnetometry and moisture resistance analysis, were used as research methods. During plasma treatment with a mass-average temperature of 8-10 kK, intense evaporation and surface melting were observed, and texturing of the deposit along (0001) is found. When the treatment temperature was reduced to 4-5 kK, the evaporation of the material was minimized and magnetic and crystal anisotropy increased. However, the increase in the size of crystallites was accompanied by the transition of oxygen atoms from lattice nodes to interstitial positions. All samples exhibited low coercive fields below 500 Oe, associated with the frustration of the magnetic subsystem. Features of growth of materials with a wurtzite structure were used to form a superhydrophobic coating of barium hexaferrite. Plasma treatment regimes for obtaining self-cleaning coatings are proposed. The use of magnetically hard barium hexaferrite to radically change the properties of a coating is demonstrated herein as an example.</p>","PeriodicalId":520706,"journal":{"name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9655212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40696573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties of Diatomite-Modified Coastal Cement Soil.","authors":"Jiyuan Fang, Yunfeng Wang, Kefa Wang, Wenhao Dai, Yanfei Yu, Cuihong Li","doi":"10.3390/ma15217857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diatomite is a non-metallic mineral resource rich in SiO<sub>2</sub>, which can be used to modify coastal cement soil. In order to explore the mechanical modification effect of diatomite on coastal cement soil at the age of 7 days, based on coastal cement soil with cement content of 5% (mass fraction), diatomite of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% (mass fraction) was mixed for modification. Through the unconfined compressive strength test, the triaxial unconsolidated undrained test, backscattered electron imaging (BSE), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) technology, the influence of diatomite content and confining pressure on the peak strength of modified coastal cement soil was explored. The empirical formula between the peak strength of the DE specimen and the content of diatomite and confining pressure was established by curve fitting, and the fitting effect was ideal. When diatomite was mixed with coastal cement soil, the optimal dosage of diatomite was 5% from the perspective of mechanical properties and economic benefits of the maximum growth rate of compression and shear. The unconfined compressive strength test showed that the peak strength and elastic modulus of the modified coastal cement soil with 5% diatomite content were 37% and 57% higher than those of cement soil, respectively. The triaxial unconsolidated undrained test showed that the internal friction angle of the modified coastal cement soil was stable at about 30°, and cohesion of DE-5, DE-10, DE-15, and DE-20 increased by 28%, 48%, 78%, and 97%, respectively, compared to cement soil. The microscopic test found that the pore distribution of modified coastal cement soil is closely related to the strength change. The results show that the addition of diatomite can effectively improve the mechanical properties of soil-cement.</p>","PeriodicalId":520706,"journal":{"name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9657556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40680399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yury M Volfkovich, Alexey Y Rychagov, Valentin E Sosenkin, Sergey A Baskakov, Eugene N Kabachkov, Yury M Shulga
{"title":"Supercapacitor Properties of rGO-TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite in Two-component Acidic Electrolyte.","authors":"Yury M Volfkovich, Alexey Y Rychagov, Valentin E Sosenkin, Sergey A Baskakov, Eugene N Kabachkov, Yury M Shulga","doi":"10.3390/ma15217856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The electrochemical properties of the highly porous reduced graphene oxide/titanium dioxide (rGO/TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanocomposite were studied to estimate the possibility of using it as a supercapacitor electrode. Granular aerogel rGO/TiO<sub>2</sub> was used as an initial material for the first time of manufacturing the electrode. For the aerogel synthesis, industrial TiO<sub>2</sub> Hombikat UV100 with a high specific surface area and anatase structure was used, and the aerogel was carried out with hydrazine vapor. Porous structure and hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties of the nanocomposite were studied with a method of standard contact porosimetry. This is important for a supercapacitor containing an aqueous electrolyte. It was found that the hydrophilic specific surface area of the nanocomposite was approximately half of the total surface area. As a result of electrochemical hydrogenation in the region of zero potential according to the scale of a standard hydrogen electrode, a reversible Faraday reaction with high recharge rate (exchange currents) was observed. The characteristic charging time of the indicated Faraday reaction does not exceed several tens of seconds, which makes it possible to consider the use of this pseudocapacitance in the systems of fast energy storage such as hybrid supercapacitors. Sufficiently high limiting pseudo-capacitance (about 1200 C/g TiO<sub>2</sub>) of the reaction was obtained.</p>","PeriodicalId":520706,"journal":{"name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9654705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40680398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}