Hormones (Athens, Greece)最新文献

{"title":"Baseline TSH within reference range and incident thyroid dysfunction in cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Yin Xia, Bingli Liu, Qian Li, Yunzhu Shen","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00813-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-026-00813-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Whether baseline thyrotropin (TSH) within the reference range predicts thyroid dysfunction in cancer patients remains unclear. We evaluated this association in hospitalized cancer patients with normal baseline thyroid function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study (October 2020-September 2025) included 532 cancer patients with normal baseline thyroid function and ≥ 1 follow-up test. Baseline TSH was modeled using restricted cubic splines and categorized as low (< 1.02 mIU/L), optimal (1.02-2.00 mIU/L), or high (> 2.00 mIU/L). Primary outcome was overall thyroid dysfunction; secondary outcomes included clinical dysfunction and mortality. Multivariable Cox models and 365-day restricted mean survival time (RMST) analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall dysfunction occurred in 175 patients (32.9%). Baseline TSH showed a U-shaped association with overall thyroid dysfunction (P for nonlinearity < 0.001), with the lowest risk at 1.02-2.00 mIU/L. Compared with optimal TSH, low TSH (HR 1.90, 95% CI 1.19-3.03) and high TSH (HR 2.22, 95% CI 1.55-3.18) independently predicted increased risk. RMST analysis confirmed 52.5 and 64.6 fewer dysfunction-free days for low and high groups, respectively (both P < 0.001). High TSH predicted clinical dysfunction (HR 1.71, 95% CI 1.03-2.81); low TSH did not. No association was found with mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In hospitalized cancer patients, baseline TSH within the reference range showed a U-shaped association with incident thyroid dysfunction, with lowest risk at 1.02-2.00 mIU/L. Risk stratification within the conventional reference range may inform personalized monitoring strategies during anticancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148612310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hungry, hungry bones: electrolyte abnormalities in the presence of severe malnutrition.","authors":"Eva M Goren, Stephanie N Ferrin, Sowmya Krishnan, Amy B Middleman","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00814-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-026-00814-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe malnutrition in the presence of child maltreatment and other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED) can lead to significant effects on bones. We present a case of severe malnutrition from child maltreatment that developed into osteoporosis and persistent electrolyte abnormalities due to hungry bone syndrome (HBS). We describe a 15-year-old female with a history of medical neglect and severe malnutrition presenting to the hospital after removal from mother's home. The patient was admitted, refed, and monitored for refeeding syndrome. She had an elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) level, vitamin D deficiency, and electrolyte derangements requiring daily management for weeks. Once obtained, a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan demonstrated a total-body-less-head (TBLH) Z score of -5.9. The learning goals of this case are for the readers to: ● Understand the pathophysiology and typical presentation of HBS. ● Understand the unique presentation of HBS in the context of malnutrition. ● Distinguish HBS from refeeding syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148612424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in the Greek population: a review of key gene polymorphisms.","authors":"Nikolaos Gouliopoulos, Maria Arfara, Spyros Sapounas, Alexandros Rouvas, Panagiotis Theodossiadis, Ilias Georgalas, Ioannis Datseris","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00816-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-026-00816-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of visual impairment among adults worldwide. While hyperglycemia and metabolic dysregulation are recognized contributors to DR pathogenesis, increasing attention has been directed toward the role of genetic factors. This review evaluates the association between specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and DR susceptibility within the Greek population, an underrepresented group in global genomic studies. The review synthesizes findings from population-specific research focused on eight genes, namely, ADIPOQ, AGER, ALDH2, UCHL3, HNMT, PAI-1 (SERPINE1), SLC2A1, and NOS3. Variants in these genes have been implicated in key pathways related to inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and glucose metabolism. Several polymorphisms, including ADIPOQ rs1501299, AGER rs1051993, ALDH2 rs671, and NOS3 rs1799983, were associated with increased DR risk, while others showed associations with disease progression or early onset. Importantly, some polymorphisms revealed ethnic-specific effects not observed in other populations, highlighting the importance of localized genetic studies. These findings are hypothesis-generating and further research is required to replicate these associations, clarify underlying mechanisms, and assess gene-environment interactions before considering any potential clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148551598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EndoBridge 2025: pearls and highlights.","authors":"Bulent Okan Yildiz, Mirco Armenti, Maria Luisa Brandi, John Carey, Tobias Carling, Andreea Ciudin, Ketan Dhatariya, Athanasios Fountas, Gema Frühbeck, Dimitrios Goulis, Maria Grammatikopoulou, Mark Gurnell, Gary D Hammer, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Susan Jawad, Jacqueline Jonklaas, Ursula Kaiser, Niki Karavitaki, Aliya Khan, Luka Lezaic, James MacFarlane, Djuro Macut, Julia K Mader, Barbara McGowan, Dipesh Patel, Athena Philis-Tsimikas, Lena Radić, Mario Salvi, Emily Rose N San Diego, Heide Siggelkow, Constantine A Stratakis, Dilek Yazici, Ozlem Celik","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00804-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-026-00804-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 13th Annual EndoBridge Meeting took place in Antalya, Türkiye, from October 23 to 26, 2025. Accredited by the European Council, the congress delivered a comprehensive scientific program combining state-of-the-art lectures with interactive small-group case discussions led by internationally recognized experts in endocrinology and metabolism. The meeting drew a diverse audience and provided an in-depth review of major areas within the field. Core subjects included disorders of the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands, and bone metabolism, as well as neuroendocrine tumors, diabetes, obesity, clinical nutrition, and lipid abnormalities. Clinical case abstracts presented in oral and poster sessions were subsequently published in JCEM Case Reports. This report highlights the principal themes and clinical insights shared during the congress. Key discussions addressed contemporary approaches to acromegaly management, therapeutic strategies for subclinical thyroid dysfunction, goal-oriented treatment models in osteoporosis, adjunctive options in type 1 diabetes management, and the evolving concept of obesity phenotyping. Additional updates covered hormonal treatment strategies for menopause and premature ovarian insufficiency, along with recent developments in male hypogonadism and infertility. Overall, the sessions reflected current advances in endocrine science while offering practical guidance for the management of common and complex endocrine disorders. The 14th Annual EndoBridge Meeting will be held in Antalya, Türkiye, from October 22 to 25, 2026.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148538033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of osilodrostat in patients with ectopic Cushing's syndrome.","authors":"Marta Araujo-Castro, Oriana Arroyo-Ripoll, Jorge Contreras-Saldarriaga, Betina Biagetti","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00806-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-026-00806-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the efficacy and safety of osilodrostat in patients with ectopic Cushing's syndrome (ECS) in real-world studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review focused on the treatment with osilodrostat for patients with ECS was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed) and Scopus databases. The review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute protocol for scoping reviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12 articles with 46 patients (24 males and 22 females) with ECS were included. The age range was 11-85 years. Up to 70% had hyperglycemia, 82% hypertension, and 93% hypokalemia at the time of the ECS diagnosis. Severe hypercortisolism (urinary free cortisol (UFC) levels ≥ 5 times the upper limit of normal) was noted in 89% of patients. Osilodrostat was used as a first-line therapy in 44% (n = 20/46) and monotherapy in 74%. Most common osilodrostat initial doses were 2 or 4 mg/day (range 2-60 mg/day) and the maximum doses employed ranged between 2 and 100 mg/day. Block and replace (B&R) was used in 19 patients, titration in 15, and titration followed by B&R in 12 cases. Overall, 87% of the cases normalized UFC (90% (n = 18/20) when osilodrostat was used as first-line in monotherapy, 86.7% (n = 13/15) as a second-line in monotherapy, and 81.8% (n = 9/11) when used in combination with other drugs. The most common adverse event (AE) was adrenal insufficiency and no cases of hypokalemia worsening were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on available real-world reports, osilodrostat appears to be a promising and fast-acting option for controlling severe hypercortisolism in ECS, with a generally acceptable safety profile. However, clinicians should closely monitor for adrenal insufficiency, particularly during dose titration.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148475762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipidomics and proteomics in MASLD: reading the molecular script toward precision therapeutics.","authors":"Anna Sofia Germanidou, Theocharis Koufakis","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00812-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-026-00812-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasingly recognized as a multisystem disorder characterized by complex metabolic, inflammatory, and fibrogenic interactions. Advances in lipidomics and proteomics have substantially refined understanding of MASLD pathophysiology by revealing how qualitative alterations in lipid species and dynamic protein signaling networks contribute to disease initiation and progression. Bioactive lipids, including ceramides and free cholesterol, promote lipotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammasome activation, and fibrosis, while proteomic analyses have identified key pathways involved in inflammation, cellular senescence, and hepatic stellate cell activation. Emerging translational evidence further suggests that modern pharmacological agents may modulate these molecular signatures beyond their metabolic effects. Integrating lipidomic and proteomic data may therefore facilitate improved disease stratification, biomarker discovery, and the development of mechanism-based therapeutic strategies, supporting a transition toward precision medicine in MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148475721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel homozygous thyroglobulin gene variant presenting with massive congenital goiter and neonatal airway obstruction.","authors":"Ayşe Anık, Kübra Şen Küçük, Selvin Öztürk, Zehra Manav Yiğit, Avni Merter Keçeli, Ahmet Anık","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00810-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-026-00810-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital hypothyroidism due to thyroid dyshormonogenesis is a rare inherited disorder that may present with goiter of variable severity. Massive congenital goiter causing life-threatening respiratory distress at birth is exceptionally uncommon. We report a late-preterm male neonate who presented immediately after delivery with severe respiratory failure requiring endotracheal intubation due to critical tracheal compression caused by a massive congenital goiter. Postnatal imaging revealed marked thyroid hyperplasia with airway narrowing. Thyroid function tests demonstrated isolated low free thyroxine (fT4) levels with normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), a pattern attributed to non-thyroidal illness syndrome related to perinatal asphyxia and inotropic support. Therapeutic-dose levothyroxine was initiated, resulting in a progressive reduction in goiter size and successful extubation. Genetic analysis using next-generation sequencing identified a previously unreported homozygous missense variant in the thyroglobulin gene, supporting the diagnosis of thyroglobulin-related dyshormonogenetic congenital hypothyroidism. This case highlights that congenital goiter should be considered in neonates presenting with respiratory distress at birth, even in the absence of elevated TSH levels or prenatal findings. It underscores the importance of early diagnosis, genetic evaluation, and timely levothyroxine therapy to prevent airway compromise and ensure favorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148475717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRKAR1A-related acrodysostosis with partial growth hormone deficiency: 18-month response to recombinant human growth hormone.","authors":"Sokratis Katsoudas, Angeliki Kokkinou, Afroditi Nikolopoulou, Evangelia Tsitsekli, Ioulia Polychroni, Paraskevi Zosi","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00811-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-026-00811-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe the 18-month auxological response to recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy in a pediatric patient with genetically confirmed PRKAR1A-related acrodysostosis and partial growth hormone deficiency (GHD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 3-year-9-month-old boy with genetically confirmed PRKAR1A-related acrodysostosis underwent comprehensive endocrine evaluation due to progressive growth deceleration. Growth hormone (GH) secretion was assessed using two pharmacological stimulation tests (glucagon and L-dopa). rhGH therapy was initiated and titrated based on clinical and biochemical response, with serial auxological and biochemical follow-up over 18 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At presentation (3 years 9 months), height was - 2.92 SDS with a growth velocity of 3 cm/year over the preceding year. Two stimulation tests demonstrated peak GH levels of 8 ng/mL and 5.5 ng/mL, consistent with partial GHD. Brain MRI revealed mild anterior pituitary hypoplasia. After 18 months of rhGH therapy, height increased from 89 cm to 103.5 cm and height SDS improved from - 2.92 to - 1.52 (Δ + 1.40 SDS), with a first-year height velocity of 11 cm/year. Bone age advanced from 2 years 8 months at treatment initiation to 4 years 6 months at 18 months. Serum IGF-1 increased while remaining within the age-adjusted laboratory reference range, and no adverse effects were observed during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge, this represents the second published pediatric case of type 1 acrodysostosis with documented partial GHD treated with rhGH. The marked auxological response over 18 months supports the concept that central GH axis impairment may coexist with the intrinsic skeletal pathology of the disorder in some patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148451363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproduction and fertility issues in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: pathophysiology, management, and recent clinical advances.","authors":"İnan Anaforoğlu, Melek Eda Ertörer","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00808-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-026-00808-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), commonly caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD), is an autosomal recessive disorder of adrenal steroidogenesis with significant implications for reproductive health. This review examines the pathophysiological mechanisms, fertility outcomes, and management strategies pertaining to reproductive function in women with classical and non-classical (NC) CAH. Fertility is generally reduced in women with classical CAH compared to the general population, owing to a combination of anatomical alterations from prenatal androgen exposure and reconstructive surgery, hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis dysregulation driven by excess adrenal androgens and progesterone, anovulation, and psychosexual factors, including altered gender-related behaviour and reduced reproductive intent. In NC CAH, fertility is only mildly impaired and most women can conceive; however, miscarriage rates are substantially higher in the absence of treatment. Optimised glucocorticoid replacement therapy is the cornerstone of management, restoring ovulatory cycles and improving conception rates in both phenotypes by suppressing adrenal androgen and progesterone excess. When ovulation fails to occur, induction with clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins may be employed; in vitro fertilisation with preimplantation genetic testing represents an option for refractory cases at high genetic risk. Pregnancy in CAH requires careful obstetric monitoring, glucocorticoid dose adjustment, and stress-dose coverage during labour. Prenatal treatment with dexamethasone to prevent virilisation of possibly affected female foetuses remains a subject of ongoing ethical and clinical debate. A multidisciplinary approach-encompassing endocrinology, reproductive medicine, surgery, and psychological support-is essential for optimising reproductive outcomes and quality of life in women with CAH.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148440290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of bariatric techniques in the management of pediatric and adolescent obesity: a systematic review.","authors":"Maria Athanasopoulou, George Paltoglou, Evangelia Charmandari","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00809-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-026-00809-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric-adolescent obesity is a serious, multifactorial-multisystem disease associated with severe comorbidities. Surgical interventions provide a dependable approach for achieving sustained weight loss. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness and safety of various bariatric procedures in severely obese children and adolescents. It focused on weight reduction, comorbidity resolution, postoperative complications and factors influencing the surgical decision-making process. Registered with INPLASY (INPLASY202650119), this review followed the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane databases were searched until August 2024 for English-language studies, published between January 2005 and August 2024, enrolling adolescents aged 12-19 years who underwent bariatric surgery. Risk of bias was assessed using the NOS and EPHPP tools and data were synthesized qualitatively. A total of 39 articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria, including 33 observational studies, three randomized controlled trials and three clinical trials, encompassing 7,375 participants (4,770 female-1,591 male). Risk of reporting bias was deemed low. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) offers substantial weight loss and comorbidity resolution but carries higher micronutrient deficiency risks. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB), while less invasive, is associated with higher reoperation rates and less durable weight loss. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a viable alternative with fewer complications but may be less effective for diabetes remission. The decision to undergo surgery is multifactorial, shaped by medical necessity, financial and geographical accessibility and psychosocial determinants. In conclusion, bariatric surgery is an effective intervention for severe pediatric obesity, achieving significant weight reduction and metabolic improvements. Procedure selection should be individualized, weighing risks and benefits. Ongoing research and long-term follow-up are essential to optimize surgical outcomes and patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}