Hormones (Athens, Greece)最新文献

{"title":"The effect of allopurinol on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.","authors":"Evanthia Bletsa, Stavroula A Paschou, Vasiliki Tsigkou, Panagiota K Stampouloglou, Vasiliki Vasileiou, Georgia N Kassi, Evangelos Oikonomou, Gerasimos Siasos","doi":"10.1007/s42000-022-00403-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-022-00403-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the main cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although hyperuricemia has been associated with multiple CV complications, it is not officially recognized as a target parameter for CVD risk reduction.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To systematically review the literature in order to determine whether treating hyperuricemia with allopurinol in patients with T2D reduces CVD risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A thorough literature search in the PubMed, CENTRAL, and EMBASE databases from inception to August 2022 was performed. After application of selection criteria, 6 appropriate studies were identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Detailed analysis of the data derived indicated that there is an association between allopurinol treatment and CV benefits, resulting in a reduced risk of CVD events and mortality rates. This association can be attributed mainly to the reduction of inflammation and oxidative burden, as well as to the improvement of glycemic and lipid profiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This systematic review provides evidence that allopurinol may reduce CVD risk in patients with T2D. Randomized, placebo-controlled trials should be performed in order to confirm these findings and identify specific subgroups of patients who will benefit most.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"599-610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33488321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and blood parameter changes in Cushing's syndrome - a population-based study.","authors":"Jessica Mangion,&nbsp;Miriam Giordano Imbroll,&nbsp;Sarah Craus,&nbsp;Josanne Vassallo,&nbsp;Mark Gruppetta","doi":"10.1007/s42000-022-00384-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-022-00384-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To provide complete epidemiological data on Cushing's syndrome (CS) with analysis and differentiation of biochemical parameters, including blood count indices and serum inflammation-based scores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical records of 35 patients diagnosed with CS between 2008 and 2020 at Malta's only central National Health Service hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Detailed clinical and biochemical data were obtained for each patient. Correlation and receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve analyses were used to establish a threshold value for different variables to predict malignant CS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Standardized incidence rate (SIR) (/million/year) of CS was 4.5, and SIR of Cushing's disease (CD) was 2.3, 0.5 for ectopic CS, 1.5 for cortisol secreting adrenal adenoma, and 0.3 cases for cortisol-producing ACC. Malignant cause of CS had statistically significantly higher cortisol levels and size of tumor and lower potassium at diagnosis (P < 0.001). Additionally, malignant causes had a higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (P = 0.001) and systemic immune inflammation index (P = 0.005) and a lower lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (P < 0.001). Using ROC curve analysis to predict malignant cause of CS, a potassium level of < 3.05 was 75% sensitive and 100% specific (ROC-AUC 0.907, P = 0.001), a post-ODST cortisol level of > 841 nmol/L was 100% sensitive and 91% specific (ROC-AUC 0.981, P < 0.001), while a NLR ratio > 3.9 was 100% sensitive and 57.7% specific (ROC-AUC 0.885, P = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Biochemical and blood count indices and serum inflammatory-based scores differ remarkably between benign and malignant causes of endogenous CS. Such indices can help predict the severity of disease and prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"467-476"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40587903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between lower plasma adiponectin levels and higher liver stiffness in type 2 diabetic individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an observational cross-sectional study.","authors":"Alessandro Mantovani,&nbsp;Chiara Zusi,&nbsp;Alessandro Csermely,&nbsp;Gian Luca Salvagno,&nbsp;Antonio Colecchia,&nbsp;Giuseppe Lippi,&nbsp;Claudio Maffeis,&nbsp;Giovanni Targher","doi":"10.1007/s42000-022-00387-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-022-00387-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Little is known about the association between plasma adiponectin levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We examined whether there is an association between lower plasma adiponectin levels and the presence/severity of NAFLD in people with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We cross-sectionally recruited 79 men with non-insulin-treated T2DM and no known liver diseases, who had consecutively attended our diabetes outpatient service over a 6-month period and who underwent both ultrasonography and Fibroscan-measured liver stiffness (LSM). Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (PNPLA3 rs738409 and other genetic variants) associated with NAFLD were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 79 participants included (mean age 67 ± 10 years, BMI 27.7 ± 4 kg/m²), 28 did not have NAFLD, 32 had steatosis alone, and 19 had NAFLD with coexisting significant fibrosis (LSM ≥ 7.0 kPa by Fibroscan®). Compared to those without NAFLD, patients with hepatic steatosis alone and those with hepatic steatosis and coexisting significant fibrosis had lower high-molecular-weight adiponectin levels (5.5 [IQR 2.3-7.6] vs. 2.4 [1.8-3.7] vs. 1.6 [1.0-2.9] µg/mL; p < 0.001). After adjustment for age, body mass index, insulin resistance, and the PNPLA3 rs738409 variant, lower plasma adiponectin levels were found to be associated with increased odds of both steatosis alone (adjusted-odds ratio [OR] 2.44, 95% CI 1.04-5.56, p = 0.042) and NAFLD with coexisting significant fibrosis (adjusted-OR 3.84, 95% CI 1.23-10.0, p = 0.020). Similar findings were observed after adjustment for the other eight genotyped NAFLD-related polymorphisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower plasma adiponectin levels are closely associated with the presence and severity of NAFLD in men with T2DM, pointing to a role of adiponectin in NAFLD development and progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"477-486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9464740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40614258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Note by Hormones' new editor: metabolic syndrome plus obesity and COVID-19, the two concurrent pandemics and the field of endocrinology.","authors":"Constantine A Stratakis","doi":"10.1007/s42000-022-00390-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-022-00390-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"347-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40633672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoplethysmography (PPG)-determined heart rate variability (HRV) and extracellular water (ECW) in the evaluation of chronic stress and inflammation.","authors":"George P Chrousos,&nbsp;Nektaria Papadopoulou-Marketou,&nbsp;Flora Bacopoulou,&nbsp;Mariantonietta Lucafò,&nbsp;Andrea Gallotta,&nbsp;Dario Boschiero","doi":"10.1007/s42000-021-00341-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-021-00341-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heart rate variability (HRV) is the physiological variation in the time interval between consecutive heartbeats. Extracellular water (ECW) is the aqueous compartment surrounding cells and has been used as an inflammation index. Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) refer to persistent psychosomatic bodily complaints, and their presence may be employed as a clinical index of chronic stress and inflammation, useful in distinguishing suffering patients from healthy subjects.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the clinical performance of SDNN (standard deviation of intracardiac beat time interval of normal sinus beats) and RMSSD (square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals) as indices of HRV, and their correlation with ECW and MUS.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A large multicenter retrospective study was conducted in 37 Italian medical practices in Caucasian men and women aged 20 to 70 years. SDNN and RMSSD were measured with the PPG Stress Flow® device (BioTekna, Italy), while ECW was determined with the BIA-ACC® device (BioTekna, Italy). All subjects filled in a MUS® questionnaire with 19 \"nonspecific\" symptom questions. The study sample was stratified by decade of age into five groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 9246 subjects comprising 3127 males and 6119 females, with a median age of 47 years, were analyzed. HRV index SDNN and RMSSD distributions in the entire sample and in each of the five age groups were significantly greater in subjects with a limited number of MUS (0-5) than in subjects with six or more symptoms, while both distributions correlated negatively with ECW.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SDNN and RMSSD and ECW were predictors of MUS and were successfully used to objectively evaluate chronic stress and inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"383-390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39822109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of systemic metabolic inflammation with knee osteoarthritis.","authors":"Zacharias Christoforakis,&nbsp;Eirini Dermitzaki,&nbsp;Eleni Paflioti,&nbsp;Marianna Katrinaki,&nbsp;Michail Deiktakis,&nbsp;Theodoros H Tosounidis,&nbsp;Konstantine Ballalis,&nbsp;Christos Tsatsanis,&nbsp;Maria Venihaki,&nbsp;George Kontakis","doi":"10.1007/s42000-022-00381-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-022-00381-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to analyze local and systematic inflammatory status in knee osteoarthritis (KOA), focusing on intra-articular and remote adipose tissue depots, and to explore its potential association with metabolic syndrome (MetS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients (n = 27) with end-stage KOA were enrolled in the study and samples from infrapatellar fat pad (IFP), synovium, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), synovial fluid (SF), and serum were collected. In homogenates from the tissues, mRNA expression of developmental endothelial locus-1 (DEL-1) was determined. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) were measured in tissues and SF and serum samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen patients fulfilled MetS criteria (w-MetS group) and 12 did not (non-MetS). In the entire population, IL-6 levels were significantly higher in IFP compared to synovium (median (interquartile range), 26.05 (26.16) vs. 15.75 (14.8) pg/mg of total protein, p = 0.043), but not to SAT (17.89 (17.9) pg/mg); IL-8 levels were significantly higher in IFP (17.3 (19.3) pg/mg) and SAT (24.2 (26) pg/mg) when compared to synovium (8.45 (6.17) pg/mg) (p = 0.029 and < 0.001, respectively). Significantly higher IL-6 concentrations in SF were detected in w-MetS patients compared to non-MetS (194.8 (299) vs. 64.1 (86.9) pg/ml, p = 0.027). Finally, DEL-1 mRNA expression was higher in IFP compared to synovium (eightfold, p = 0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings support the critical role of IFP in knee joint homeostasis and progression of KOA. Furthermore, in KOA patients w-MetS, SAT is thought to play an important role in intra-knee inflammation via secretion of soluble inflammatory mediators, such as IL-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"457-466"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40408314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel truncating AIP mutation, p.W279*, in a familial isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA) kindred.","authors":"Güven Barış Cansu, Bengür Taşkıran, Giampaolo Trivellin, Fabio R Faucz, Constantine A Stratakis","doi":"10.14310/horm.2002.1686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14310/horm.2002.1686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Familial isolated pituitary adenomas (FIPA) constitute 2-3% of pituitary tumours. AIP is the most commonly mutated gene in FIPA. We herein report a novel germline mutation of the AIP gene in a family with FIPA. We present two patients, a father and his 12-year-old daughter, diagnosed clinically and using laboratory measures with acromegaly-gigantism. Both underwent transsphenoidal hypophyseal surgery for macroadenomas. We initially detected a novel heterozygous germline AIP mutation, c.836G>A (p.W279*), in the father's DNA. We then found the same mutation in his affected daughter. Pituitary adenomas associated with AIP mutations mostly present as FIPA (68%) at an early age (78% occur at <30 years old). They are often growth hormone (GH) - or prolactin - secreting macroadenomas (88%) that have already extended beyond the sella at the time of diagnosis. Acromegalic cases are resistant to somatostatin analogues and multimodal management is frequently essential to control the disease. Our patients had normalized GH/IGF-1 values soon after surgery, although enough time may not have elapsed to reach final cure. While penetrance of the disease can be as low as 10% in FIPA, especially children and young patients with somatotropinoma and prolactinoma should be surveyed for inactivating mutations or deletions in AIP. Determining the causative mutations may be of assistance in early diagnosis, treatment success, and genetic counseling.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":"15 3","pages":"441-444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6309374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}