Hormones (Athens, Greece)最新文献

{"title":"Distinctive hobnail subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a case series and short review of literature.","authors":"Vishal Yadav, Anupam Lahiri, Sunil Pasricha, Vikas Arora, Prerit Sharma, Suchita Chowdhury, A K Dewan","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00692-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-025-00692-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The hobnail subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma (HSPTC) is a rare and aggressive subtype, comprising 1-2% of all PTC cases. It is characterized by poor prognosis, frequent BRAF and p53 mutations, and a high recurrence rate. Given the limited data on HSPTC, especially in the Indian population, this case series aims to provide valuable insights into its clinical behavior, mutational profile, and treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted from January 2021 to December 2023. Histological reports were reviewed for cases with ≥ 5% hobnail features. Cases fulfilling these criteria were reviewed for features of high-grade differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry was performed to identify BRAF.V600E and p53. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and follow-up data were collected. Follow-up included clinical exams, thyroid function tests, thyroglobulin, anti-thyroglobulin antibody levels, and imaging when necessary.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 600 PTC cases, 4 were identified as HSPTC (0.67% incidence). The median follow-up was 40 months. Mean tumor size of 3.3 cm. 75% showed BRAF and p53 positivity. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) was present in 50% of patients. Recurrence occurred in two patients, both with LVI, despite receiving radioactive iodine and radiotherapy. The largest tumor (6 cm) did not show lymph node metastasis, while smaller tumors (2.2 cm, 2.3 cm) were metastatic. Higher mitotic rate showed necrosis and lymph nodal metastasis. Neither BRAF nor p53 positivity correlated with thyroglobulin levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HSPTC exhibits aggressive behavior, particularly in cases with LVI, high mitotic activity and necrosis. BRAF and p53 mutations are common and cause aggressiveness. Early and aggressive management are essential to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic effects of endogenous and exogenous glucocorticosteroids during pregnancy on the offspring: a systematic-narrative review.","authors":"Fotini Kanouta, Theodoros Karampitsakos, Eleni Memi, Nikolaos Vrachnis, Djuro Macut, George Mastorakos","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00671-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-025-00671-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backround: </strong>Τhe epigenetic effects of glucocorticosteroids-also known as glucocorticoids-(GCs) on the human epigenome are under constant in-depth examination. During uncomplicated pregnancy, endogenous GCs are normally increased, this increase being increased in stressful maternal conditions, such GC excess potentially having a deleterious effect on the fetus. In addition, however, synthetic GCs have long been used during pregnancy, not only for lung maturation in pregnancies at risk for preterm birth but also therapeutically for a large number of maternal diseases. Although GCs can be administrated as treatment during pregnancy, exhaustive study of the genome as well as of the compound's epigenetic effects has called their use into question.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To scrutinize the desirable and undesirable effects of endogenous and exogenous GCs during pregnancy specifically as concerns epigenetic effects in the offspring and their impact in later life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature research was conducted in the electronic databases Medline, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library, using specific keywords, up until March 2024. Data were collected only from original research and studies were included when endogenous GCs were measured or exogenous GCs were administered during pregnancy and their association with specific epigenetic changes, phenotypic, and biologic results, were recorded in the offspring.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-three eligible cohort studies were collected among a total of 2692 papers. Eighteen studies with experimental animals and five human studies were included according to the inclusion criteria. One study with experimental animals along with two human studies involved endogenous GCs. Sixteen studies with experimental animals and two human studies involved GCs administered exogenously. All studies reported different epigenetic effects that resulted in phenotypic and biologic alterations. Many of them lasted into adult life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data from the reviewed studies indicate that excessive levels of GCs during pregnancy negatively affect the fetal epigenome resulting in an adverse impact on fetal health. Genes involving the HPA axis, DNA methylation per se, neurodevelopment, the immune system, and genes with tissue specific actions are affected. Caution and careful evaluation in the use of GCs during pregnancy are therefore warranted. Larger prospective studies of longer duration should be conducted based on the preliminary results of the present systematic-narrative review.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144337437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between visceral adipose index, lipid accumulation products, and thyroid function parameters in U.S. Adults: analysis of NHANES data.","authors":"Jiayi Ren, Jinxiang Chen, Kexin Zhang, Yuqun Wang, Xiaofei Zhang, Guoji Xiong, Xiaodong Sun, Ningning Hou, Chengxia Kan","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00685-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-025-00685-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity, particularly visceral adiposity, is linked to altered thyroid function; the underlying mechanisms, however, remain unclear. This study examines the associations between the visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and thyroid function in U.S. adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (2007-2012), including 3,170 participants after exclusions. Thyroid function parameters, VAI, and LAP were analyzed. Covariates included demographics, lifestyle, clinical factors, multiple linear regression, and restricted cubic splines, while generalized additive models were employed to assess linear and nonlinear relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VAI and LAP were significantly associated with thyroid function parameters. VAI positively correlated with total triiodothyronine [β = 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.37 to 1.21, P < 0.001] and antithyroglobulin antibodies (β = 1.81, 95% CI = 0.19 to 3.43, P = 0.028) after adjusting for confounders. LAP demonstrated significant positive associations with total triiodothyronine, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroid sensitivity indices (e.g., TSH index and thyroxine resistance index) but correlated negatively with free thyroxine. Nonlinear relationships were identified, with higher VAI linked to rapid increases in total triiodothyronine and antithyroglobulin antibodies, plateauing at specific thresholds. Elevated LAP was associated with increased thyroid peroxidase antibodies, suggesting a link with thyroid autoimmunity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VAI and LAP are strongly associated with thyroid dysfunction, with implications for thyroid sensitivity and autoimmunity. These findings underscore the importance of addressing visceral adiposity and metabolic dysregulation to mitigate thyroid-related disorders. Future studies are warranted to explore causal mechanisms and intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serum albumin levels and risk of deep vein thrombosis in diabetic patients: a retrospective case-control study.","authors":"Yanli Cao, Yang Li, Wenxiu Zhang, Chen Lei","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00679-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-025-00679-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of serum albumin (ALB) levels for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in diabetic patients, providing a simple and effective biomarker for the early identification of high-risk DVT patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case-control study was conducted in 133 diabetic patients hospitalized at our hospital between January 2020 and January 2023, including 55 patients diagnosed with DVT (observation group) and 78 patients without DVT (control group). Clinical data, including demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and laboratory indicators (such as serum ALB, HbA1c, HDL, LDL, cardiovascular disease (CVD) history, and insulin treatment) were collected from medical records. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of DVT, adjusting for potential confounding factors, including body mass index (BMI), smoking history, and platelet count. Additionally, the diagnostic performance of serum ALB was assessed using ROC curve analysis in the overall cohort and stratified by CVD status, insulin treatment, and ALB levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum ALB levels were significantly lower in the DVT group compared to the control group (3.18 ± 0.26 vs. 3.53 ± 0.41 g/L, P < 0.001). Logistic regression confirmed serum ALB as an independent predictor of DVT (univariate OR = 0.070; multivariate OR = 0.076; both P < 0.001). ROC analysis demonstrated good diagnostic performance for serum ALB (AUC = 0.827), with higher accuracy observed in patients with CVD (AUC = 0.885) and those with hypoalbuminemia (AUC = 0.780). Additionally, serum ALB was also a strong predictor for DVT in the insulin-treated subgroup, confirming its diagnostic value across different diabetic subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low serum ALB levels are significantly associated with the occurrence of DVT in diabetic patients. Serum ALB can serve as an effective biomarker for DVT, and regular monitoring can aid in the early identification of high-risk patients and prevent thrombosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hidden influence of type 2 diabetes on bone mineral density across the lifespan: a Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Yujie Wu, Yue Luo, Huiping Wu, Mengjie Yang, Jiahui Jin, Xiaoou Shan, Zhichao Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00687-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-025-00687-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigates the causal relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and bone mineral density (BMD) across different age groups using Mendelian randomization (MR). The research aims to clarify how T2DM influences BMD and whether BMD variations contribute to the risk of developing T2DM, focusing on age-specific effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a two-sample MR analysis using publicly available data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Data sources included T2DM and BMD datasets across various age cohorts.The methodology incorporated diverse MR techniques, such as inverse-variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median, to enhance robustness and mitigate potential biases. Additionally, reverse MR was performed to explore whether BMD affects the susceptibility to T2DM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings show a positive association between T2DM and higher BMD in individuals aged 45 and older. No significant relationship was observed in younger age groups (0-45 years). The reverse MR analysis revealed no causal link between BMD and T2DM, except in the 45-60 age group in whom a weak association was noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>T2DM has a protective effect on BMD in older individuals, highlighting the importance of considering age in the management of bone health in T2DM patients. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and to explore the potential clinical implications of these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase with the risk of diabetic kidney disease: a mendelian randomized study.","authors":"Haodi Cao, Yaxin An, Yan Ma","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00686-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-025-00686-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Exploration of the relationship between Graves' eye disease and type 2 diabetes based on biomarkers.","authors":"Yu Guan, Meng Fan, Xiaolin Ren, Siyuan Zhang, Chun Cao, Jingbing Lan, Qiongfang Cao, Tiecheng Zhang, Fan Xu, Tao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00684-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-025-00684-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating hormonal imbalances in aggressive periodontitis: a scoping review.","authors":"Zahra Khorshidi Asl, Fatemeh Farshad, Farnaz Jafari, Georgios Romanos, Mahshid Hodjat","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00683-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-025-00683-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to consolidate the existing literature on the role of hormones in aggressive periodontitis. A systematic search was carried out in July 2024 in the following databases: National Library of Medicine MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using the related keywords to aggressive periodontitis, hormone, insulin, thyroid hormones, cortisol, calcitonin, growth hormone, osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone, TSH, melatonin, vitamin D, stress hormones, adrenomedullin, glucagon, growth factor, and somatostatin. No filters were applied during the search. Conference abstracts, editorials, case reports, and review articles were not considered. Of 258 records identified in the databases, 27 records were selected for this study. While the current literature supports the imbalances in levels of melatonin, growth factors, adrenomedullin, procalcitonin, leptin, osteocalcin, cortisol, and vitamin D in aggressive periodontitis patients, controversy remains regarding the role of some of these hormones in the pathology of periodontitis. Moreover, there is a need for additional research to explore the interplay between these hormones and aggressive periodontitis. Future studies may also uncover novel therapeutic applications of hormones in managing the condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-hypoglycemic nocturnal hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes: the Somogyi hypothesis revisited.","authors":"Tomás González-Vidal, Diego Rivas-Otero, Pablo Agüeria-Cabal, Guillermo Ramos-Ruiz, Carmen Lambert, Jessica Ares-Blanco, Edelmiro Menéndez-Torre, Elías Delgado","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00680-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-025-00680-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The plausibility of the Somogyi phenomenon (dawn hyperglycemia after nocturnal hypoglycemia) has been questioned. The present study used continuous glucose monitoring in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) to investigate the frequency and the associated factors for post-hypoglycemic nocturnal hyperglycemia (PHNH), as well as the overall glycemic control in patients who develop PHNH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed the nighttime (0:00 am to 6:00 am) glycemic profile of 755 FreeStyle Libre 2 users with T1DM (429 men; median age 49 years, range 18-90 years) during a 14-day period. Patients were divided into three categories, as follows: no nocturnal hypoglycemia (< 70 mg/dL), only nocturnal hypoglycemia that was not followed by hyperglycemia (> 180 mg/dL) before 6:00 am, and ≥ 1 episode of nocturnal hypoglycemia that was followed by hyperglycemia before 6:00 am (PHNH). The patients' characteristics and the overall glycemic control in the 14-day period were also registered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 248 patients (32.8%) developed PHNH during the 14-day period. Compared with patients who only had nocturnal hypoglycemia that was not followed by hyperglycemia (n = 332), patients with PHNH were younger, were less frequently diagnosed as latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), and used higher total daily doses of insulin. Patients with PHNH had longer time above range, shorter time in range, higher glucose variability, and more diurnal hypoglycemia than those who only had nocturnal hypoglycemia that was not followed by hyperglycemia before 6:00 am.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PHNH is frequent in T1DM, especially in young individuals. Compared to patients with other forms of nocturnal hypoglycemia, patients with PHNH have poorer glycemic control.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144218563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and management of primary hyperparathyroidism: recommendations from the Bone Section of the Hellenic Endocrine Society.","authors":"Athanasios D Anastasilakis, Maria P Yavropoulou, Evanthia Kassi, Fotini Adamidou, Andromachi Vryonidou, Symeon Tournis, Polyzois Makras","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00681-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-025-00681-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Upon request from the Hellenic Endocrine Society, its Bone Section formed a working group to extensively review the literature and provide updated recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). The guidelines presented herein incorporate recent updates of the international recommendations adapted for the Hellenic healthcare system. Our aim is to provide guidance on optimal management of patients with pHPT in everyday clinical practice. More specifically, definitions, etiologies, and diagnostic approach, including indicated mandatory and optional laboratory and imaging examinations, are provided. Furthermore, therapeutic management is detailed in a step-by-step approach and a treatment algorithm is provided. Finally, the challenges of the diagnosis and management of pHPT in pregnancy are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}