Environmental health : a global access science source最新文献

{"title":"Severity of parkinsonism associated with environmental manganese exposure.","authors":"Brad A Racette,&nbsp;Gill Nelson,&nbsp;Wendy W Dlamini,&nbsp;Pradeep Prathibha,&nbsp;Jay R Turner,&nbsp;Mwiza Ushe,&nbsp;Harvey Checkoway,&nbsp;Lianne Sheppard,&nbsp;Susan Searles Nielsen","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00712-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00712-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exposure to occupational manganese (Mn) is associated with neurotoxic brain injury, manifesting primarily as parkinsonism. The association between environmental Mn exposure and parkinsonism is unclear. To characterize the association between environmental Mn exposure and parkinsonism, we performed population-based sampling of residents older than 40 in Meyerton, South Africa (N = 621) in residential settlements adjacent to a large Mn smelter and in a comparable non-exposed settlement in Ethembalethu, South Africa (N = 95) in 2016-2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A movement disorders specialist examined all participants using the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor subsection part 3 (UPDRS3). Participants also completed an accelerometry-based kinematic test and a grooved pegboard test. We compared performance on the UPDRS3, grooved pegboard, and the accelerometry-based kinematic test between the settlements using linear regression, adjusting for covariates. We also measured airborne PM_2.5-Mn in the study settlements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean PM_2.5-Mn concentration at a long-term fixed site in Meyerton was 203 ng/m³ in 2016-2017 - approximately double that measured at two other neighborhoods in Meyerton. The mean Mn concentration in Ethembalethu was ~ 20 times lower than that of the long-term Meyerton site. UPDRS3 scores were 6.6 (CI 5.2, 7.9) points higher in Meyerton than Ethembalethu residents. Mean angular velocity for finger-tapping on the accelerometry-based kinematic test was slower in Meyerton than Ethembalethu residents [dominant hand 74.9 (CI 48.7, 101.2) and non-dominant hand 82.6 (CI 55.2, 110.1) degrees/second slower]. Similarly, Meyerton residents took longer to complete the grooved pegboard, especially for the non-dominant hand (6.9, CI -2.6, 16.3 s longer).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Environmental airborne Mn exposures at levels substantially lower than current occupational exposure thresholds in the United States may be associated with clinical parkinsonism.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12940-021-00712-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25481076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) candidate longevity gene and particulate matter (PM2.5) on all-cause mortality: a longitudinal cohort study in China.","authors":"Yao Yao,&nbsp;Linxin Liu,&nbsp;Guang Guo,&nbsp;Yi Zeng,&nbsp;John S Ji","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00718-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00718-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The SIRT1 gene was associated with the lifespan in several organisms through inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. Long-term air particulate matter (PM) is detrimental to health through the same pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) to investigate whether there is a gene-environment (G × E) interaction of SIRT1 and air pollution on mortality in an older cohort in China. Among 7083 participants with a mean age of 81.1 years, we genotyped nine SIRT1 alleles for each participant and assessed PM_2.5 concentration using 3-year average concentrations around each participant's residence. We used Cox-proportional hazards models to estimate the independent and joint effects of SIRT1 polymorphisms and PM_2.5 exposure on all-cause mortality, adjusting for a set of confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 2843 deaths over 42,852 person-years. The mortality hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2·5 was 1.08 (1.05-1.11); for SIRT1_391 was 0.77 (0.61, 0.98) in the recessive model after adjustment. In stratified analyses, participants carrying two SIRT1_391 minor alleles had a significantly higher HR for each 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5 than those carrying zero minor alleles (1.323 (95% CI: 1.088, 1.610) vs. 1.062 (1.028, 1.096) p for interaction = 0.03). Moreover, the interaction of SIRT1 and air pollution on mortality is significant among women but not among men. We did not see significant relationships for SIRT1_366, SIRT1_773, and SIRT1_720.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found a gene-environment interaction of SIRT1 and air pollution on mortality, future experimental studies are warranted to depict the mechanism observed in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12940-021-00718-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25474020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A and autistic- and ADHD-related symptoms in children aged 2 and5 years from the Odense Child Cohort.","authors":"Julie Bang Hansen,&nbsp;Niels Bilenberg,&nbsp;Clara Amalie Gade Timmermann,&nbsp;Richard Christian Jensen,&nbsp;Hanne Frederiksen,&nbsp;Anna-Maria Andersson,&nbsp;Henriette Boye Kyhl,&nbsp;Tina Kold Jensen","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00709-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00709-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bisphenol A (BPA) is a non-persistent chemical with endocrine disrupting abilities used in a variety of consumer products. Fetal exposure to BPA is of concern due to the elevated sensitivity, which particularly relates to the developing brain. Several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between prenatal BPA exposure and neurodevelopment, but the results have been inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the association between in utero exposure to BPA and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD-) symptoms and symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in 2 and 5-year old Danish children.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In the prospective Odense Child Cohort, BPA was measured in urine samples collected in gestational week 28 and adjusted for osmolality. ADHD and ASD symptoms were assessed with the use of the ADHD scale and ASD scale, respectively, derived from the Child Behaviour Checklist preschool version (CBCL/1½-5) at ages 2 and 5 years. Negative binomial and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between maternal BPA exposure (continuous ln-transformed or divided into tertiles) and the relative differences in ADHD and ASD problem scores and the odds (OR) of an ADHD and autism score above the 75th percentile adjusting for maternal educational level, maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity and child age at evaluation in 658 mother-child pairs at 2 years of age for ASD-score, and 427 mother-child pairs at 5 years of age for ADHD and ASD-score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BPA was detected in 85.3% of maternal urine samples even though the exposure level was low (median 1.2 ng/mL). No associations between maternal BPA exposure and ASD at age 2 years or ADHD at age 5 years were found. Trends of elevated Odds Ratios (ORs) were seen among 5 year old children within the 3rd tertile of BPA exposure with an ASD-score above the 75th percentile (OR = 1.80, 95% CI 0.97,3.32), being stronger for girls (OR = 3.17, 95% CI 1.85,9.28). A dose-response relationship was observed between BPA exposure and ASD-score at 5 years of age (p-trend 0.06) in both boys and girls, but only significant in girls (p-trend 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that prenatal BPA exposure even in low concentrations may increase the risk of ASD symptoms which may predict later social abilities. It is therefore important to follow-up these children at older ages, measure their own BPA exposure, and determine if the observed associations persist.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12940-021-00709-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25471510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe volcanic SO₂ exposure and respiratory morbidity in the Icelandic population - a register study.","authors":"Hanne Krage Carlsen,&nbsp;Unnur Valdimarsdóttir,&nbsp;Haraldur Briem,&nbsp;Francesca Dominici,&nbsp;Ragnhildur Gudrun Finnbjornsdottir,&nbsp;Thorsteinn Jóhannsson,&nbsp;Thor Aspelund,&nbsp;Thorarinn Gislason,&nbsp;Thorolfur Gudnason","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00698-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00698-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Holuhraun volcanic eruption September 2014 to February 2015 emitted large amounts of sulfur dioxide (SO₂). The aim of this study was to determine the association between volcanic SO₂ gases on general population respiratory health some 250 km from the eruption site, in the Icelandic capital area.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Respiratory health outcomes were: asthma medication dispensing (AMD) from the Icelandic Medicines Register, medical doctor consultations in primary care (PCMD) and hospital emergency department visits (HED) in Reykjavík (population: 215000) for respiratory disease from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2014. The associations between daily counts of health events and daily mean SO₂ concentration and high SO₂ levels (24-h mean SO₂ > 125 μg/m3) were analysed using generalized additive models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the eruption began, AMD was higher than before (129.4 vs. 158.4 individuals per day, p < 0.05). For PCMD and HED, there were no significant differences between the number of daily events before and after the eruption (142.2 vs 144.8 and 18.3 vs 17.5, respectively). In regression analysis adjusted for other pollutants, SO₂ was associated with estimated increases in AMD by 0.99% (95% CI 0.39-1.58%) per 10 μg/m³ at lag 0-2, in PCMD for respiratory causes 1.26% (95% CI 0.72-1.80%) per 10 μg/m³ SO₂ at lag 0-2, and in HED by 1.02% (95% CI 0.02-2.03%) per 10 μg/m³ SO₂ at lag 0-2. For days over the health limit, the estimated increases were 10.9% (95% CI 2.1-19.6%), 17.2% (95% CI 10.0-24.4%) for AMD and PCMD. Dispensing of short-acting medication increased significantly by 1.09% (95% CI 0.49-1.70%), and PCMD for respiratory infections and asthma and COPD diagnoses and increased significantly by 1.12% (95% CI 0.54-1.71%) and 2.08% (1.13-3.04%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High levels of volcanic SO₂ are associated with increases in dispensing of AMD, and health care utilization in primary and tertiary care. Individuals with prevalent respiratory disease may be particularly susceptible.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7916308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25411730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between biomass fuel use and the risk of cognitive impairment among older populations in China: a population-based cohort study.","authors":"Min Du,&nbsp;Liyuan Tao,&nbsp;Lin Zhu,&nbsp;Jue Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00706-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00706-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cohort studies on the impact of biomass fuel use for cooking on cognitive impairment among older population are still lacking in China and elsewhere. The aim of this study was to examine whether biomass fuel use for cooking is associated with cognitive impairment in Chinese adults aged 65 years or older.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The prospective population-based cohort study of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) included participants aged 65 years or older in 2014 who were followed-up until 2018 in 23 provinces in China. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function, and cognitive impairment was defined as total MMSE scores less than 18. The association between biomass fuel use and cognitive impairment was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 4145 participants included at baseline, participants who reported that they used biomass fuel for cooking (40.43%; IR: 3.11 versus 2.77 per 100 person-years; aHR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02-1.58) had a higher risk of cognitive impairment compared with participants who used clean fuels (53.75%). A stratified analyses showed greater effect estimates of cognitive impairment in the older people that lived in the rural areas (aHR: 1.444, 95% CI: 1.08-3.90) and never smoked (aHR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04-1.71).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings demonstrated that biomass fuel used for cooking was associated with cognitive impairment, as defined by MMSE, in a population-based study of elderly in China. To prevent cognitive impairment, the structure of cooking fuels requires improvements.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12940-021-00706-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25407447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: A review of health effects associated with exposure to jet engine emissions in and around airports.","authors":"Katja M Bendtsen,&nbsp;Elizabeth Bengtsen,&nbsp;Anne T Saber,&nbsp;Ulla Vogel","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00705-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00705-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12940-021-00705-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25520450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-economic factors do also matter: comments on the article \"Can climatic factors explain the differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity across the spanish regions?: an ecological study\".","authors":"Arthit Phosri,&nbsp;Yang Cao,&nbsp;Mariko Harada Sassa,&nbsp;Kouji H Harada","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00701-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00701-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A report published in this journal showed an inversely significant association between ultraviolet radiation (UVR) before the pandemic and cumulative COVID-19 cases in Spain. The analyses employed several meteorological factors, but socio-economic factors were not included. We examined the associations of COVID-19 cases with selected factors and found a significance on gross domestic product per capita (p = 0.037 by Spearman's correlation). Hence, simple regression analyses of UVR would be confounded with regional difference in economic activities. In addition, we raised several questions for limitations due to the study design and analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12940-021-00701-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25380525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoride exposure and duration and quality of sleep in a Canadian population-based sample.","authors":"Jasmyn E A Cunningham,&nbsp;Hugh McCague,&nbsp;Ashley J Malin,&nbsp;David Flora,&nbsp;Christine Till","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00700-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00700-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fluoride from dietary and environmental sources may concentrate in calcium-containing regions of the body such as the pineal gland. The pineal gland synthesizes melatonin, a hormone that regulates the sleep-wake cycle. We examined associations between fluoride exposure and sleep outcomes among older adolescents and adults in Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used population-based data from Cycle 3 (2012-2013) of the Canadian Health Measures Survey. Participants were aged 16 to 79 years and 32% lived in communities supplied with fluoridated municipal water. Urinary fluoride concentrations were measured in spot samples and adjusted for specific gravity (UF_SG; n = 1303) and water fluoride concentrations were measured in tap water samples among those who reported drinking tap water (n = 1016). We used multinomial and ordered logistic regression analyses (using both unweighted and survey-weighted data) to examine associations of fluoride exposure with self-reported sleep outcomes, including sleep duration, frequency of sleep problems, and daytime sleepiness. Covariates included age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, chronic health conditions, and household income.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median (IQR) UF_SG concentration was 0.67 (0.63) mg/L. Median (IQR) water fluoride concentration was 0.58 (0.27) mg/L among participants living in communities supplied with fluoridated municipal water and 0.01 (0.06) mg/L among those living in non-fluoridated communities. A 0.5 mg/L higher water fluoride level was associated with 34% higher relative risk of reporting sleeping less than the recommended duration for age [unweighted: RRR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.73; p = .026]; the relative risk was higher, though less precise, using survey-weighted data [RRR = 1.96, 95% CI: 0.99, 3.87; p = .05]. UF_SG was not significantly associated with sleep duration. Water fluoride and UF_SG concentration were not significantly associated with frequency of sleep problems or daytime sleepiness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fluoride exposure may contribute to sleeping less than the recommended duration among older adolescents and adults in Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12940-021-00700-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25381366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-economic factors do also matter: comments on the article \"can climatic factors explain the differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity across the SPANISH regions?: an ecological study\".","authors":"Pedro Muñoz Cacho,&nbsp;José L Hernández,&nbsp;Marcos López-Hoyos,&nbsp;Víctor M Martínez-Taboada","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00702-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00702-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phosri et al., commented on our previous study about the influence of climate variables at the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Spain. They showed the impact of the association of gross domestic product (GDP) with the cumulative COVID-19 incidence per 10⁵ inhabitants in our country and the rise of several methodologic issues. Here we discussed the main advantages and disadvantages of ecological studies and we advocate to test the hypothesis created in this type of studies using individual-level research designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12940-021-00702-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25381367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal biomarker mixtures and blood pressure in the United States: cross-sectional findings from the 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).","authors":"Todd M Everson,&nbsp;Megan M Niedzwiecki,&nbsp;Daniell Toth,&nbsp;Maria Tellez-Plaza,&nbsp;Haoran Liu,&nbsp;Dana B Barr,&nbsp;Matthew O Gribble","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00695-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00695-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this study was to identify conditional relationships between multiple metal biomarkers that predict systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the non-institutionalized United States adult population below the age of 60.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used inorganic exposure biomarker data and blood pressure data from three cycles (1999-2004) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to construct regression trees for blood pressure among adults ages 20-60 (adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, race, and smoking status) to identify predictors of systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). We also considered relationships among non-Hispanic black, Mexican-American, and white adults separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The following metal exposure biomarkers were conditionally predictive of SBP and/or DBP in the full sample: antimony (Sb), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), cesium (Cs), lead (Pb), tungsten (W) and molybdenum (Mo). The highest average SBP (> 120 mmHg) was observed among those with low Sb (≤ 0.21 μg/dL) high Cd (> 0.22 μg/g creatinine) and high Pb (> 2.55 μg/dL) biomarkers. Those with the highest average DBP had high urinary W levels (> 0.10 μg/g creatinine) in combination with either urinary Sb > 0.17 μg/g creatinine or those with urinary Sb ≤ 0.17 μg/g creatinine, but with high blood Pb levels (> 1.35 μg/dL). Predictors differed by ethnicity, with Cd as the main predictor of SBP among non-Hispanic black adults, and Pb not selected by the algorithm as a predictor of SBP among non-Hispanic white adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combinations of metal biomarkers have different apparent relationships with blood pressure. Additional research in toxicological experimental models and in epidemiological studies is warranted to evaluate the suggested possible toxicological interactions between Sb, Cd, and Pb; and between W, Sb, and Pb; for cardiovascular (e.g., blood pressure) health. We also think future epidemiological research on inorganic exposure sets in relation to health outcomes like blood pressure might benefit from stratification by race and ethnicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7883578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25367178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}