Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)最新文献

{"title":"Progranulin Deficiency Improves Metabolic Stress Yet Falls Short of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibition in Autophagy-Linked Renal Protection.","authors":"Seung-Soon Im","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2026.2948","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2026.2948","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"41 1","pages":"105-107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147367886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postpartum Glucose Intolerance in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: An In-Depth Review.","authors":"Kyung-Soo Kim, Soo-Kyung Kim, Yong-Wook Cho","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2852","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing in prevalence worldwide, and postpartum glucose intolerance represents one of the major complications after delivery in women with GDM. A wide range of risk factors for postpartum glucose intolerance have been identified, including ethnicity, genetic predisposition, age, obesity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, history of GDM, family history of diabetes, degree of hyperglycemia, insulin treatment, lipid profiles, and other metabolic factors. Lifestyle interventions, including weight loss, are thought to reduce the risk of postpartum glucose intolerance. Careful attention should be paid to the screening of postpartum glucose intolerance in women with GDM, and concerted efforts should be made to prevent or delay the development of diabetes and other metabolic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":"26-33"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146109606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Hormone, Not Simply Just a Hormone for Growth.","authors":"Kevin C J Yuen, Jaime Guevara-Aguirre, John J Kopchick","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2806","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since its discovery almost 100 years ago, growth hormone (GH) has been extensively studied to elucidate its structural characteristics, receptor interactions and its physiologic and non-physiologic effects. These actions include but are not limited to its effects on somatic growth, substrate metabolism, body composition, bone mineral density, cardiovascular system, and cognitive function. Contextually, recombinant human GH was approved for growth promotion in children and to enhance metabolic health in adult patients with GH deficiency (GHD), along with other clinical indications. Studies involving individuals and animal models exhibiting dysregulated GH levels, ranging from complete or partial GHD to GH excess, have unveiled a spectrum of several less evident GH actions. In this review, we exclude discussing the classic GH therapeutic applications but instead focus on the interplay between GH and glucose metabolism, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis that is observed with varying GH levels and action. We also discuss clinical data derived from studies in acromegaly and GHD patients (including individuals with congenital GH and insulin-like growth factor I [IGF-I] deficiencies), and attempt to integrate findings from cellular, animal and human studies with the aim of highlighting novel characteristics and underlying molecular pathways through which both GH and IGF-I exert their more subtle actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":"34-48"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146109671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Anabolic to Reponic: Reclassifying Insulin's Primary Metabolic Role.","authors":"Shelby Ford, Daniel Bryce, Joshua Moen","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2558","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The classification of insulin as primarily an anabolic hormone is inconsistent with its metabolic signature of energy storage. This categorization, shared with anabolic hormones such as testosterone, obscures insulin's role in the pathophysiology of metabolic disease. We propose a more precise classification: reponic, meaning 'to store.' To empirically support this framework, we analyzed data from 2,910 U.S. adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018. Higher insulin levels were strongly associated with increased central adiposity and dyslipidemia. In contrast, higher testosterone, particularly in males, was associated with a leaner phenotype, reflecting a metabolic profile antagonistic to insulin. These findings reinforce well-established physiology indicating that insulin's primary role is energy storage. Adoption of the reponic classification provides a clearer conceptual framework for understanding hyperinsulinemia and its clinical consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":"185-189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145902250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Carbohydrate Intake Fluctuations on Glucose Profiles: Insights from Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Based Patient Clustering.","authors":"Hyun Ah Kim, Kyung Hee Kim, Young Lee, Yoon-Ju Song, Joon Ho Moon, Sung Hee Choi, Tae Jung Oh","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2486","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgruound: </strong>Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is widely applied in daily glucose management. However, its potential to categorize individuals based on glucose profiles is not fully established. This study employed CGM-based patient clustering and examined nutritional factors influencing glucose patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study enrolled 34 individuals with diabetes. Retrospective professional CGM was conducted over 7 days, during which food intake was recorded. K-means clustering was performed using CGM-derived coefficient of variation (CV) and time in range. Macronutrient intake and its fluctuations were compared across clusters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were grouped into cluster 1 (well-controlled), cluster 2 (highest CV), and cluster 3 (highest mean glucose). Baseline clinical characteristics, daily energy intake (kcal), and macronutrient intake did not differ significantly among clusters. However, carbohydrate intake fluctuations were greater in cluster 3 (CV 41.0%±32.1%, standard deviation [SD] 502.1±363.4 kcal) than in cluster 1 (CV 21.9%±9.0%, SD 260.2±94.1 kcal) and cluster 2 (CV 19.2%±9.1%, SD 250.2±126.1 kcal) (P=0.123 for CV; P=0.024 for SD). The SD (kcal) of carbohydrate intake was positively correlated with mean glucose levels (rho=0.88, P=0.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CGM enables categorization of individuals based on glucose profiles, and higher carbohydrate intake fluctuations are associated with poorer glycemic control. Personalized dietary strategies, particularly stabilizing carbohydrate intake, may support better glucose management in individuals with high mean glucose and low CV.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":"152-161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index and Multimorbidity in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Weihao Shao, Zuolin Lu, Xiaoxia Wei, Yutong Long, Enying Gong, Yueqing Wang, Yunyuan Kong, Yue Zhang, Ruitai Shao","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between visceral adiposity and multimorbidity in Chinese middle-aged and older adults remains underexplored. This study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to examine the relationship between visceral adiposity, measured by the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), and multimorbidity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study analyzed data from 6,410 participants who were multimorbidity-free in the 2015 CHARLS wave, with follow-up assessments in 2018 and 2020. CVAI was calculated using age, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified multimorbidity patterns, defined as the presence of ≥2 chronic conditions based on self-reported physician diagnoses. Cox regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses assessed the impact of CVAI on multimorbidity risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median 5.0-year follow-up (interquartile range [IQR], 3.0 to 5.0), 2,809 participants (43.8%) developed multimorbidity. Each IQR increase in CVAI significantly elevated the risk of multimorbidity (hazard ratio [HR], 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 1.24). Higher risks were observed in the second (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.30), third (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.43), and fourth (HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.58 to 1.96) quartiles compared with the first. The RCS analysis demonstrated a dose-response relationship (Pnonlinearity=0.109). LCA identified four multimorbidity clusters. CVAI increments were significantly associated with the cardio- metabolic cluster (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.42 to 1.62) and the arthritis-renal cluster (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.21 to 1.39).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated CVAI is a strong risk factor for incident multimorbidity among middle-aged and older Chinese adults, emphasizing its importance in the development of distinct disease clusters.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Burden of Cancer Attributable to Metabolic Risk Factors among Adults Aged 20–49 Years, 1990–2021, with Projections to 2040","authors":"Wenmei Qiao, Kaijian Zhou, Liang He, Jiahui Guo, Qiqiang Guo, Jing Zhang, Yongze Li","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2577","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early-onset cancers (diagnosed in individuals under 50 years of age) are increasingly contributing to the global cancer burden. Among the known contributors, specific metabolic risk factors—namely high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG)—have emerged as significant determinants. This study assessed global cancer-related burden attributable to these two metabolic risk factors among persons aged 20–49 years and projected their trends through 2040.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study, we analyzed mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and estimated annual percentage changes for cancers among persons aged 20–49 years attributable to high BMI and high FPG stratified by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI). Future trends were projected based on these data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, the two metabolic risk factors (high FPG and high BMI) together accounted for 34,112 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 15,037 to 54,888) deaths and 1,691,418 (95% UI, 762,923 to 2,698,657) DALYs from cancers among persons aged 20–49 years, corresponding to mortality and DALY rates of 0.9 (95% UI, 0.4 to 1.4) and 42.8 (95% UI, 19.3 to 68.3) per 100,000 population, respectively. Between 1990 and 2021, mortality and DALY rates increased, with the fastest temporal increases (highest EAPCs) observed among individuals aged 30–34 years and in low-middle SDI regions. Among the two metabolic risk factors examined, high BMI showed higher mortality and DALY rates than high FPG. Colorectal cancer showed the highest attributable mortality and DALY burden, whereas liver cancer showed the largest temporal increases. The relative contributions of high BMI and high FPG varied across SDI regions and between sexes. Bayesian age-period-cohort projections indicate a continued rise in mortality and DALY rates through 2040.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cancer-related mortality and DALY burden attributable to the two metabolic risk factors examined increased among persons aged 20–49 years, with substantial variation by sex, age, and SDI. These findings highlight the importance of considering metabolic risk factors in future cancer prevention research among younger adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145902230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Prevalence of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Nationwide Survey in Korea.","authors":"Junhyun Kwon, Hanbit Shin, Dae Ho Lee, Eunji Kim","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which is associated with higher risks of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and extrahepatic cancer, is increasing. This study aimed to examine the temporal trends in MASLD prevalence among Korean adults, with a focus on age-stratified patterns and related health conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analysis of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data included data of 90,912 adults aged ≥19 years from 2007 to 2023. MASLD was defined as having the presence of at least one cardiometabolic risk factor and no heavy alcohol consumption. Temporal trends in MASLD prevalence and associated cardiometabolic risk factors were examined across age groups using weighted prevalence estimates and log-linear regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of MASLD increased from 25.0% in 2007-2009 to 31.0% in 2022-2023 (annual percent change [APC], 1.36%). The most substantial increase was observed in young adults aged 19-44 years (22.3% to 30.5%; APC=2.09%), particularly among men. Middle-aged (45-64 years) and older (≥65 years) adults showed relatively stable or modest increases over time. Among young adults with MASLD, chronic kidney disease prevalence increased from 2.1% to 5.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This nationwide study revealed a significant and continuous increase in MASLD prevalence among Korean adults, particularly in younger age groups. The disproportionate burden in these populations, along with high rates of metabolic comorbidities, underscores an emerging public health concern that may place considerable strain on future healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145822639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Dose Escalation of Tirzepatide after Switching from Semaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Noboru Kurinami, Masafumi Takada, Seigo Sugiyama, Akira Yoshida, Kunio Hieshima, Tomoko Suzuki, Fumio Miyamoto, Keizo Kajiwara, Katsunori Jinnouchi, Kenji Ashida, Masatoshi Nomura, Hideaki Jinnouchi","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2420","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tirzepatide has demonstrated greater efficacy than semaglutide in improving glycemic control and reducing body weight in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the optimal tirzepatide dose following a switch from 1.0 mg of semaglutide remains unclear. This retrospective study included 15 T2DM patients who switched to tirzepatide due to inadequate weight loss. All patients started tirzepatide at 2.5 mg, with escalation to either 7.5 mg (n=10) or 10 mg (n=5). Changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and body weight were assessed over a 3-month period. The 10 mg group experienced a significant reduction in HbA1c (-0.7%±0.3%, P<0.01) and a non-significant trend toward weight loss (-6.6±5.4 kg, P=0.07). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the 7.5 mg group. There were no statistically significant differences between groups. Since 10 mg of tirzepatide significantly improved glycemic control after switching from 1.0 mg of semaglutide, early escalation to 10 mg may be beneficial for patients who respond inadequately to semaglutide.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":"1012-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12765867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145295025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient-Stimulated Hormone-Based Therapies: Transforming Obesity Management.","authors":"Ki Hoon Kwak, Chang Hee Jung","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2803","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2803","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":"879-882"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12765871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145727898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}