Diabetes & metabolic syndrome最新文献

{"title":"Effect of augmented glycation in mobilization of plasma free fatty acids in type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Kailash Chandra,&nbsp;Vineet Jain,&nbsp;Masood Azhar,&nbsp;Washim Khan,&nbsp;Ozair Alam,&nbsp;Sayeed Ahmad,&nbsp;Swatantra Kumar Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is known to be associated with an increase in total plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration. The present study was conducted to determine the changes in plasma fatty acids at different levels of glycation in type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 50 subjects having different levels of glycation (HbA1c 4.9-15.0%) and further categorized in 5 groups [group 1 (HbA1c <6%), group 2 (HbA1c 6-7%), group 3 (HbA1c 7.1-9%), group 4 (HbA1c (9.1-12%) and group 5 (HbA1c >12%)] with 10 subjects in each group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 19 free fatty acids were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis in the plasma samples. The levels of lauric acid (C12:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) were significantly raised at an advanced stage of glycation (HbA1c 9.1-15%). Long-chain fatty acids, pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0) levels were elevated in hyperglycemia as compared to normoglycaemic subjects (HbA1c <6%). Moreover, levels of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2, w6) were significantly decreased in patients with increased levels of glycation (HbA1c 6-15%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GC-MS is a novel way to study the plasma fatty acid profiling and findings of this study suggest that monitoring alterations in plasma FFA profile may be of prognostic value.</p>","PeriodicalId":520602,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolic syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"1385-1389"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38229945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and correlates of the metabolic syndrome in a cross-sectional community-based sample of 18-100 year-olds in Morocco: Results of the first national STEPS survey in 2017.","authors":"Supa Pengpid,&nbsp;Karl Peltzer","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) may be associated with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This investigation assessed prevalence and correlates of MetS among adults (18-100 years) in Morocco.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Cross-sectional data with complete MetS measurements were analysed from 4555 18-100 year old individuals (median age = 40 years) that took part in the \"2017 Morocco STEPS survey.\" MetS was classified using the harmonized definition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two in five participants (40.0%) had MetS, 31.9% among men and 48.0% among women. The average frequency of the five MetS components was 1.9 (1.3 = SD) among men and 2.5 (1.1 = SD) among women. In adjusted logistic and linear regression models, general overweight/obesity, older age, female sex, abnormal waist to hip ratio and low physical activity were associated with the prevalence of MetS and the greater average frequency of MetS components. In addition, in unadjusted analysis, higher education, never married, current smoking and current alcohol use were negatively and urban residence and sedentary behaviour were positively associated with MetS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study showed that two in five adults were identified as having MetS and that several predictors of MetS were found.</p>","PeriodicalId":520602,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolic syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"1487-1493"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38273591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Does having diabetes increase chances of contracting COVID-19 infection?\"","authors":"Kalyan Kumar Gangopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520602,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolic syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"765-766"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38026067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to editor in response to \"COVID-19: From bench to bedside\" by Singh A et al.","authors":"Harpreet Singh,&nbsp;Deba Prasad Dhibar","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520602,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolic syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"815-816"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38050326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to the letter of Singh and Singh in response to the article: \"Is diabetes mellitus associated with mortality and severity of COVID-19? A meta-analysis\" (Kumar et al.).","authors":"Ashish Kumar,&nbsp;Anil Arora,&nbsp;Praveen Sharma,&nbsp;Shrihari Anil Anikhindi,&nbsp;Naresh Bansal,&nbsp;Vikas Singla,&nbsp;Shivam Khare,&nbsp;Abhishyant Srivastava","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520602,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolic syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"1147-1148"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38154818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Chand et al. regarding letter to the Editor regarding the article: 'Increase in the risk of type 2 diabetes during lockdown for the COVID19 pandemic in India: A cohort analysis (Ghoshal et al.)'.","authors":"Samit Ghoshal","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520602,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolic syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"1541"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38395785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyslipidemia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.","authors":"Timotius Ivan Hariyanto,&nbsp;Andree Kurniawan","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>The number of positive and death cases from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still increasing. The identification of risk factors for severe outcomes is important. Dyslipidemia has been shown as a long-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study is to analyze the potential association between dyslipidemia and the severity of COVID-19 infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched the PubMed database using specific keywords related to our aims until July 9th, 2020. All articles published on COVID-19 and dyslipidemia were retrieved. Statistical analysis was done using Review Manager 5.4 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7 studies with a total of 6922 patients were included in our analysis. Our meta-analysis showed that dyslipidemia is associated with severe COVID-19 infections [RR 1.39 (95% CI 1.03-1.87), p = 0.03, I² = 57%, random-effect modelling].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dyslipidemia increases the risk of the development of severe outcomes from COVID-19 infections. Patients with dyslipidemia should be monitored closely to minimize the risk of COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":520602,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolic syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"1463-1465"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38253811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action of metformin therapy against advanced glycation, oxidative stress and inflammation in type 2 diabetes patients: 3 months follow-up study.","authors":"Krishna A Adeshara,&nbsp;Nilima S Bangar,&nbsp;Paras R Doshi,&nbsp;Arundhati Diwan,&nbsp;Rashmi S Tupe","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Persistence hyperglycemia results in the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) by non-enzymatic glycation. AGEs and their receptor RAGE play an important role in generation of inflammatory molecules and oxidative stress. Metformin regulates insulin responsive gene and helps to achieve glycemic control however, no extensive study reported about its role against glycation induced oxidative stress and vascular inflammation. Therefore, present work focused on clinical relevance of three months metformin therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients against glycation induced oxidative stress and vascular inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among recruited 40 medicated-naive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, 31 patients were continued with metformin therapy. Biomarkers of plasma protein glycation (fructosamine, protein carbonyls, β-amyloid) antioxidants and oxidative stress markers (GSH, catalase, NO, PON-1, AOPP, LPO; RAGE isoforms (sRAGE, esRAGE); inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α) were determined at baseline and after 3-months of treatment. The expression profile of membrane RAGE, NF-κB, CML was studied in PBMNCs and GLUT-1 in erythrocyte ghost by western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Metformin showed maximum percent declined from baseline to three months therapy in levels of fructosamine, β-amyloid, sRAGE, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and percent increment in esRAGE and antioxidants levels. It showed reduced levels of IL-6 and TNF-α by declining expression of CML, membrane RAGE and NF-κB in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients after three months therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>First report in Indian diabetes mellitus patients, where metformin showed effective inhibition against glycation and receptor mediated cellular inflammation. However, these findings need to be tested in a randomized trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":520602,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolic syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"1449-1458"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40553372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytosterol supplements do not inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase-4.","authors":"Ankit Gupta,&nbsp;Christian K Narkowicz,&nbsp;Hayder A Al-Aubaidy,&nbsp;Herbert F Jelinek,&nbsp;David S Nichols,&nbsp;John R Burgess,&nbsp;Glenn A Jacobson","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Several commercially available phytosterol supplements are promoted for their cholesterol-lowering effects. However, limited information is available about their potential anti-hyperglycaemic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitory effects of phytosterol supplements in silico and in vitro to determine their potential for anti-diabetic activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Docking studies were carried out in silico to evaluate the potential for interactions between three major phytosterol compounds (stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, campesterol) and the DPP-4 enzyme, the enzyme that is inhibited by the anti-diabetic gliptins. Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was used to analyse three different supplements for phytosterol content. DPP-4 inhibitory activity was tested in vitro for these phytosterol supplements and two major phytosterol standards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In silico calculations predicted free binding energies for DPP-4 with the phytosterols to be: stigmasterol -8.78 kcal/mol; β-sitosterol -8.70 kcal/mol; campesterol -8.40 kcal/mol. These binding energies indicated a potential for significant DPP-4 inhibition. However, these results were not supported by the in vitro studies. Stigmasterol and β-sitosterol had an IC₅₀ > 50 mg/ml (maximum tested concentration) and the Thompson's Cholesterol Manager® and Mega Strength Beta Sitosterol® supplements gave an IC₅₀ > 100 mg/ml (maximum tested concentration). Blackmores Cholesterol Health® gave an IC₅₀ value of 40 mg/ml which was attributed to β-carotene content.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Phytosterol supplements do not appear to offer any anti-diabetic activity potential via pathways that involve the inhibition of DPP-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":520602,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolic syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"1475-1478"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38253814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Comparison of cardiovascular autonomic activity (heart rate variability and baroreceptor sensitivity) in young healthy females during fasting and hyperglycaemia\".","authors":"Farrukh Majeed,&nbsp;Talay Yar","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The present study compared cardiovascular autonomic activity and reactivity during fasting (FS) and hyperglycemia (HS) states in young healthy females.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case crossover study was conducted on 30 females recruited by convenient sampling. Blood glucose levels were measured in FS and after oral glucose load i.e., HS. Finger arterial blood pressure (BP) and ECG were recorded constantly to monitor baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS) and heart rate variability (HRV). Autonomic reactivity was tested with deep breathing (DB), Valsalva manoeuvre (VM), and head-up-tilt (HUT) test under FS and HS. HRV parameters not normally distributed were natural log (ln) transformed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significantly reduced Valsalva ratio and higher heart rate and BP were observed in HS that continued during HUT (P < 0.05). The lnSDNN (standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals) and lnRMSSD (root mean square of successive differences) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in HS during HUT. After HUT, lnRMSSD remained lower (P = 0.031), whereas lnLF/HF (low frequency/high frequency power) ratio (P = 0.042) and LFnu (normalized units) (P = 0.024) were higher in HS. BRS was significantly lower in supine position in HS compared to FS and further reduced in HUT position in both FS and HS (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to FS, the HS exhibited heightened sympathetic activity with attenuation of parasympathetic activity and this phenomenon was further accentuated by HUT. BRS was more sensitive indicator of autonomic effects of hyperglycemia in resting state. In addition to standard tests, autonomic reactivity in vulnerable young subjects could be useful to detect autonomic imbalance at an early stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":520602,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & metabolic syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"1511-1518"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38273040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}