Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM最新文献

{"title":"Association between obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adults aged 18 years and above - data from NHANES 2017-2018.","authors":"Yao Yao","doi":"10.26444/aaem/210489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/210489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Studies have Increasingly addressed a possible association between obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), although it remains an issue of controversy. The aim in the study is to determine an association between obesity and NAFLD among 1,120 adults ≥ 18 years of age, through a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2017-2018.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Data analyzed in the study were obtained from the NHANES database which provides multitudinous information concerning the health and nutrition of the general population in the USA. Data obtained from the NHANES surveys, conducted between 2017-2018, was utilised. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the association between obesity and NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,120 participants enrolled, 434 (38.75%) had NAFLD. There was a positive association between obesity and NAFLD in all three models: model 1 - OR=1.80, 95% CI: 1.39-2.21; model 2 - OR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.41-2.33; model 3 - OR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.29-2.22). There was a positive association between BMI and NAFLD in all three models (model 1: OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.13-1.23; model 2: OR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.14-1.25; model 3: OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.12-1.24).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study findings confirm a strong association between obesity and NAFLD in individuals aged 18 and older, leading to a significantly elevated risk of NAFLD among those who are obese. Therefore, it is concluded that prompt interventions by healthcare professionals are necessary to facilitate weight reduction and support the recovery of health in obese patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"518-522"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fosfomycin susceptibility of uropathogens resistant to antibiotics used in peri-operative prophylaxis of urinary tract infection among patients after urogynaecological surgery.","authors":"Sara Patrycja Wawrysiuk, Michał Bogusiewicz, Olaf Pachciński, Ewelina Grywalska, Paweł Miotła","doi":"10.26444/aaem/211322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/211322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Antibiotic prophylaxis is one of the methods for preventing urinary tract infection (UTI) after urogynecological surgeries. Fosfomycin trometamol (FT) has emerged as a promising option in cases involving multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens in which previous antibiotics have failed. The aim of the study is to analyze the susceptibility to FT of common uropathogens, resistant to other antibiotics in patients with post-operative UTI.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective study of susceptibility and resistance to commonly used antibiotics was performed by examining the results of urine analysis (n=173) of women with UTI after urogynaecological surgeries. The agar dilution method with glucose-6-phosphate for MIC determination were used for resistance and susceptibility testing in positive urine cultures (≥105 colony forming units (CFUs)/mL). Resistance to commonly used antibiotics was analyzed in comparison to resistance to FT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 173 results of urine analysis, 95.95% of the total isolates were found to be susceptible to FT. Among isolates resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cephalexin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin; respectively, 80.00%, 94.44%, 77.78%, 96.30%, 90.91%, and 84.38% were susceptible to FT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Peri-operative prophylaxis of UTI with FT is a promising alternative to classic antibiotics due to the high susceptibility of uropathogens, including MDR isolates. The decision about the prophylaxis method should be made based on the epidemiological updated recommendations. The study shows the need for ongoing observation of antibiotic resistance patterns in order to guide prophylaxis recommendations, especially in the era of MDR pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"488-491"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics of treated multiple sclerosis patients - Lublin experience (South-Eastern Poland).","authors":"Julia Lewtak, Kamil Syga, Anna Jamroz-Wiśniewska, Weronika Kleszczyńska, Monika Mazurkiewicz-Kanar, Tomasz Hasiec, Konrad Rejdak","doi":"10.26444/aaem/204100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/204100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological diseases affecting about 2.8 million people worldwide. The aim of this study is to analyze the current MS patient population in Lublin, south-east Poland, to enhance understanding of disease risk and treatment options.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was conducted in 2023-2024 in the hospitals and neurological MS centres in the city of Lublin. Demographic and clinical data of adult patients with MS were collected from registries. The obtained results were compared with the results of previous studies, including a study conducted in Lublin in 2004.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Lublin, there are 1034 patients treated because of MS, approximately 70% are women. The mean age of patients is 46.25 ±12.11 years. About 79.2% have a relapsing-remitting (RR) type of MS, 8.0% - secondary progressive (SP) type, 11.4% - primary progressive (PP) type, and 1.4%- rapidly evolving or severe type (RES). About 28% of RRMS patients are treated with modestly effective drugs (i.e. platform therapy), with mean disability assessed by the Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS=2.11, about 40% of these patients- with moderately effective drugs, with mean EDSS=1.99, and about 28% of RRMS patients with highly effective drugs (HED), with mean EDSS=2.53.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to 2004, when 204 patients were recorded, the number of MS patients in Lublin has increased fivefold due to improved diagnosis, treatment, and rising MS incidence. Mean EDSS is higher in RRMS patients treated with HED compared to patients treated with moderately effective drugs, probably due to higher activity of MS and more rapid progression of disability in patients requiring more effective therapy. Further research is needed to deepen understanding of MS and its treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"566-571"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the functional return of an injured limb in a mouse model with Bcl-2 gene absent, following the application of locomotor training.","authors":"Damian Kuźma, Dariusz Górka, Ryszard Plinta","doi":"10.26444/aaem/202887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/202887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>The impact of physical activity on human health is invaluable. Studies confirm an increase in neurotrophins in response to locomotor training. The Bcl-2 family of proteins, due to their diversity and pleiotropic actions, places damaged nerve cells on the path to apoptosis, making them a promising prospect in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the experiment was to demonstrate the effect of the absence of the bcl-2 gene on the process of peripheral nerve regeneration in animals subjected to locomotor training.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The first group consisted of animals with an absent bcl-2 gene, 129S1/SvImJBcl2tm1Mpin/J (N=40). Group E consisted of animals subjected to sciatic nerve damage with absent bcl-2 gene (N=20), which were subjected to locomotor training, while mice in which the sciatic nerve was cut (N=20) but no training programme was applied represent group K. The evaluation used an automatic gait analysis system for mice and rats from Nodus system Cat&Walk. The study analyzed footprints on a treadmill controlling the mechanism of locomotor movements for analysis before sciatic nerve damage and at 7, 14 and 28 days after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both strains showed statistically significant differences in the experimental group compared to the untrained group, as well as a statistically significant difference in trained mice between the Bcl-2 and bl6 strains at day 14 after sciatic nerve injury, and at day 28 after sciatic nerve injury in the Bcl-2 group compared to the bl6 group, both subjected to training.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regeneration of the sciatic nerve in the locomotor-trained animals studied on the basis of the Cat&Walk study showed that significant improvement occurred in the group of Bcl-2 mice subjected to locomotor training on day 14 after nerve injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"527-533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The strategies of orthodontic treatment in children with growth hormone deficiency.","authors":"Elżbieta Pels, Szymon Krzewski, Aleksandra Krzewska, Iwona Beń-Skowronek, Joanna Wawer, Michał Łobacz","doi":"10.26444/aaem/204245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/204245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Growth hormone (GH) is crucial for body growth and affects parameters such as bone development. Malocclusions, resulting from discrepancies between the dental arches of the maxilla and mandible, are common in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). The study aimed to assess the frequency of malocclusions and dental irregularities in children treated for GHD and evaluate discrepancies between their skeletal, chronological, and dental ages.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 43 children aged 7-17 years undergoing recombinant growth hormone therapy for GHD. A control group comprised 46 healthy children with similar socio-demographic conditions. Clinical dental examinations, alginate impressions, and panoramic X-rays were performed. Orthodontic analyses were conducted using OrtoBajt Ortodoncja 9.1.1m software, and skeletal age was assessed through radiographic imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with GHD exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of malocclusions compared to the control group. Common issues included crowding, delayed skeletal age, and narrow palates. Recombinant growth hormone therapy positively influenced craniofacial development, particularly mandibular growth, enhancing the potential for orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Orthodontic treatment strategies should focus on periods of increased bone plasticity during rhGH therapy. Regular monitoring is essential to promptly address developmental changes and optimize orthodontic outcomes in children with GHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"572-577"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of life situation, stress, coping resilience, and life satisfaction among parents of children with arrhythmia - a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ewelina Kolarczyk, Aleksandra Morka, Lesław Szydłowski, Jacek Kusa","doi":"10.26444/aaem/202803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/202803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>In some cases, there is a need to hospitalize a child for diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, resulting in expected changes in family functioning, often making it impossible to carry out the current family and professional plans of the child's parents/caregivers. The aim of the study was to examine the life situation of parents of children with cardiac arrhythmias in relation to the incidence of stress, the role of spirituality, life satisfaction, coping resilience, and to selected socio-demographic factors.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 101 parents of children with heart arhythm and conduction disorders who were diagnosed and treated at a Clinical Centre. The survey used the Life Situation Assessment Questionnaire for Parents, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Brief Resilient Coping Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis showed that the personal functioning of the parents was good (p=0.002), while the impact of spirituality on life functioning was medium (p=0.010). The level of general life situation, level of life satisfaction and level of perceived stress, were significantly high (p=0.001;p=0.001; p=0.004). More stress was felt by mothers than fathers (p=0.023) and parents with higher education (p=0.047), as well as those who practice religion (p=0.008). Parents who were in a relationship felt better life satisfaction (p=0.004), and the living situation of rural residents was statistically significantly better than urban residents (p=0.024).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding the life situation and emotions of parents of children with cardiac arrhythmia will help health care providers offer sufficient support.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"534-541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived life satisfaction of parents raising a child with intellectual disabilities.","authors":"Montowska Laura, Plinta Ryszard, Magdalena Maria Gruszczyńska","doi":"10.26444/aaem/203276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/203276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Assessment of life satisfaction is the result of comparing one's situation with the standards set by oneself. If the comparison result is satisfactory, it results in high satisfaction. Giving birth to a child with an intellectual disability significantly influences parents' assessment of satisfaction. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between selected socio-demographic factors and the level of life satisfaction of parents of a child with intellectual disabilities.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included families raising a child with intellectual disabilities. They were parents of students who continued their education in rehabilitation and education centres (OTEW) and special schools. A total of 1,216 parents participated in a paper and electronic survey. The questionnaires included the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) in Juczynski's Polish adaptation, and a questionnaire containing questions concerning socio-demographic data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis showed that 58% of parents rated their satisfaction as low. Parents of children from special schools rated satisfaction higher. A higher level of educational correlated positively with life satisfaction. There was no relationship between the age of the child and gender on life satisfaction of the parents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integrated actions should be taken to increase the level of life satisfaction among parents of children with intellectual disabilities. Measures should include psychological support in difficult situations, financial assistance, and employment flexibility (tailored to the parent's capabilities). An important factor is to promote the acceptance and integration of people with disabilities in society, including in schools, workplaces and local communities, to reduce parents' feelings of isolation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"552-557"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survivability of microorganisms on synthetic and semi-synthetic textile materials used in the production of special purpose clothing in various humidity and temperature conditions.","authors":"Rafał L Górny, Małgorzata Gołofit-Szymczak, Marcin Cyprowski, Anna Ławniczek-Wałczyk, Agata Stobnicka, Dorota Sawicka, Sylwia Krzemińska, Agnieszka Greszta, Anna Dąbrowska","doi":"10.26444/aaem/215225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/215225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>The appropriate selection of the type, composition and finish of textile materials under specific conditions of temperature and humidity influences the possibility of their microbial colonization. The aim of the study is to test the survivability of microorganisms on textile materials in different microclimate conditions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>To test the survivability of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptomyces albus), virus (bacteriophage PhiX174), and fungi (Cladosporium cladosporioides, Aspergillus versicolor, and Penicillium melinii), five man-made (viscose) and synthetic (polyester, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide) fabrics made of homogeneous fibres (100% the same fibres), as well as five fabrics made of mixed fibres (i.e. polyester with addition of viscose, carbon, aramid, and anti-static fibres) kept in low (60%) humidity and at room (~24 °C) and elevated (~40 °C) temperature of the air were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study showed different microbial survivability patterns. In the case of bacteria and bacteriophage, fibre admixtures added to synthetic materials usually reduced their survivability. In the case of fungi, synthetic, mainly polyester, as well as doped polyacrylonitrile and polyamide materials, supported the survivability of their conidia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Under specific microclimatic conditions, the textile material can be selected in a way that limits the survivability of harmful microorganisms, which may be deposited on it. And vice versa, by changing the microclimatic conditions when wearing clothes made of a specific fabric, one can ensure that the presence of microorganisms will be eliminated or at least their survivability will be significantly reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"443-452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photo-reactivation of micro-organisms suspended in the air and deposited on surfaces after exposure to UV-C radiation.","authors":"Rafał L Górny, Małgorzata Gołofit-Szymczak, Marcin Cyprowski, Anna Ławniczek-Wałczyk, Agata Stobnicka-Kupiec, Andrzej Pawlak","doi":"10.26444/aaem/203625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/203625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Many environmental microorganisms live in constant balance between UV damage and repair. The simplest repair process called photoreactivation starts immediately when microbial cells face sunlight irradiation. The aim of the study is to assess the ability of bacteria, virus, and mould suspended in the air and deposited on different surfaces to photoreactivation after their exposure to UV-C radiation produced by two disinfection devices, i.e. low-pressure mercury lamp (LPML) and light-emitting diodes (LEDs).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Five microbial strains (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC 6538, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> ATCC 260, <i>Aspergillus versicolor</i> ATCC 9577, and bacteriophage PhiX174 ATCC 13706-B1) deposited on metal, plastic, and glass surfaces, as well as dispersed in the air as bioaerosols, were irradiated with high UV-C doses (762 J/m² and 832 J/m²), and subsequently exposed for 24 h to visible light with a wide (380-780 nm) spectral range to check their ability to photorecovery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>UV-C radiation emitted by LPML and LEDs effectively inactivated the tested microorganisms deposited on metal, plastic and glass surfaces, as well as dispersed in the air. However, this type of inactivation is not an irreversible process and subsequent exposure of microbiologically contaminated elements of the environment with visible light may partially rebuild the population of pathogenic microorganisms in photoreactivation process.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Effective cleaning of both the surfaces and air cannot be limited to their exposure to UV-C radiation, but should be supplemented with other techniques for neutralizing microorganisms, which need be subsequently applied after such exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"558-565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From infancy to school age - a retrospective study of breastfeeding duration and early childhood health in a cohort of 6-7-year-olds.","authors":"Zuzanna Chęcińska-Maciejewska, Magdalena Gibas-Dorna, Bartłomiej Czyżniewski, Paweł A Kolodziejski, Ewa Pruszynska-Oszmalek, Andrzej Ciborek, Hanna Krauss","doi":"10.26444/aaem/213418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/213418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Breastfeeding, particularly in early infancy, plays a crucial role in child health. While its benefits are well documented, few studies have examined how maternal characteristics and sources of breastfeeding knowledge relate to long-term child health outcomes. The aim of the study is to assess associations between the duration of any breastfeeding and maternal socio-demographic factors, breastfeeding information sources, frequency of childhood infections, motor development, and chronic disease occurrence in children aged 6-7 years.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 560 mother-child pairs from a family medicine clinic. Eligible children were aged 6-7 years, born after an uncomplicated perinatal course. Data were collected through maternal questionnaires, interviews, and chart reviews. Children were grouped by breastfeeding duration: G1 (0-3 months), G2 (4-6 months), G3 (7-12 months), G4 (>12 months). Outcomes included infection rates, motor milestones, and chronic disease prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Longer breastfeeding (G3-G4) was associated with older maternal age, higher education, professional counselling, and a non-significant trend related to place of residence. Children in G3-G4 had fewer respiratory, otitis media, and gastrointestinal infections (p < 0.05), and lower overall infection rates. No differences were found for UTIs or skin infections. A non-significant trend toward earlier standing was noted in G3-G4 (p = 0.06). Chronic disease prevalence was highest in G1 (41.5%) and lowest in G3 (17%) and G4 (16%) (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Longer duration of any breastfeeding was linked to lower rates of infections and chronic conditions in early childhood. Targeted support for younger and less-educated mothers may help improve breastfeeding outcomes and child health.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"469-475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}