Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM最新文献

{"title":"Serological evidence of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. antibodies in domestic ruminants in Slovakia.","authors":"Maroš Kostičák, Monika Drážovská, Jakub Lipinský, Róbert Klein, Andrea Pelegrinová, Patrícia Petroušková, Anna Ondrejková, Ľuboš Korytár, Boris Vojtek, Kristína Hudáková, Marián Prokeš","doi":"10.26444/aaem/213309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/213309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong><i>Anaplasma</i> bacteria are intracellular, gram-negative microorganisms transmitted by ticks that can pose a threat to the health of both animals and humans. In our geographical conditions, the transmission of <i>Anaplasmas</i> occurs mainly through ticks of the species <i>Ixodes ricinus</i>, which represent the most abundant species in Slovakia. The aim of the study is to investigate the seroprevalence of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. antibodies in cattle, sheep and goats across Slovakia.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study involved serological testing of 156 cattle, 124 sheep and 104 goats from various regions of Slovakia. A total of 384 serum samples were analysed through the use of the competitive ELISA method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The seropositivity was 10.90% in cattle, 70.16% in sheep and 43.27% in goats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study additionally identified regional variations, indicating that environmental conditions, vector ecology, and animal management practices, play a role in the transmission of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. These findings emphasise the need for targeted strategies for the prevention and control of anaplasmosis, tailored to specific species and regions, to reduce its economic and health impacts on livestock. The results contribute to the growing body of knowledge on Anaplasma epidemiology, highlighting the importance of ongoing surveillance to manage its effects. Given the zoonotic potential of anaplasmosis, it is important to analyse the results obtained also from the One Health perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"476-481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disability as a result of health and social disorders - role of prejudice and discrimination.","authors":"Barbara Kołłątaj, Witold Piotr Kołłątaj, Elżbieta Cipora, Halina Piecewicz-Szczęsna, Irena Dorota Karwat","doi":"10.26444/aaem/215980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/215980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Discrimination against persons with disabilities - ableism - affects most disabled people, regardless of the cause of their disability. These may be single or long-term actions resulting in negative health and social consequences. The aim of the study is to identify the types of health and social consequences of functional disorders in disabled persons exposed to ableism, in relation to the causes and types of disability and the associated types of prejudice and discrimination.</p><p><strong>Review methods: </strong>A review of scientific literature in English and Polish from 1978 - 2025 was conducted on forms of prejudice and discrimination against persons with disabilities, in relation to the causes of disability and types of bodily dysfunction and health and social functioning disorders. The search was conducted in the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases. The following key words were used: 'disabled persons', 'prejudice', 'discrimination'.</p><p><strong>Brief description of the state of knowledge: </strong>Persons with disabilities are among the most excluded social groups. Many of them face behaviour that can be described as discriminatory, a term that has many pejorative meanings defining the types of behaviour, presented taking into account the causes of disability in relation to the types of health and social consequences. The importance of comprehensive rehabilitation in order that people with disabilities could achieve the greatest possible social integration is also defined.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Persons with disabilities require significant support in developing their independence. In order to increase their participation in social life and prevent discrimination by able-bodied members of the society, comprehensive rehabilitation of disabled persons and public education should be conducted simultaneously.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"592-600"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does clot composition impact the First Pass Effect in Mechanical Thrombectomy - preliminary results of a single-center study study.","authors":"Maciej Szmygin, Piotr Luchowski, Krzysztof Pyra, Bożena Jarosz, Agata Banach, Gabriela Czaja, Radosław Mlak, Viktor Berczi","doi":"10.26444/aaem/204282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/204282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mechanical thrombectomy is an established therapeutic method for acute ischemic stroke and first pass effect (FPE) constitutes the ultimate goal of endovascular treatment. <b>Aim</b>. To investigate the relationship between the clot composition in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in patients with large-vessel occlusion and first pass effect of mechanical thrombectomy (MT).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Clots from AIS patients who underwent MT were examined histologically and the area occupied by red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and fibrin was quantified. The clinical outcome of the procedure was evaluated using modified Rankin Scale (mRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy consecutive patients were included in this prospective study. Demographics, occlusion site, procedural details and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Full recanalization was observed in 54 patients (77.1%) and from this group FPE was achieved in 28 patients. Statistical analysis did not show significant correlation between clot composition and FPE but low RBC clot area was close to significance (P=0.08).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the lack of statistically significant correlation between clot composition and first pass effect in patients with acute ischemic stroke, we observed that red blood cell rich clots were associated with increased number of thrombectomy passes which supports the notion that clot histology influences recanalization outcomes and shows the need for further studies on this topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"523-526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External application of sulfide mineral water in the restorative treatment of patients with osteoarthritis - pilot study.","authors":"Iryna Balashova, Tatyana Polshchakova, Sergey Gushcha, Lidia Sierpińska, Veronika Volyanska, Vasyl Prynkovsky","doi":"10.26444/aaem/212526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/212526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>A study was conducted of the effectiveness of underground sulfide mineral waters from well No. 516-re of the village of Brusnytsia, Vyzhnytskyi district, Chernivtsi region, Ukraine, applied externally to villagers with osteoarthritis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The main group of 60 villagers (30 people) received baths with sulfide mineral water, the control group (30 people) the dynamics of pain syndrome was assessed using the visual analog pain scale (VAS) and the Leken algofunctional index, quality of life, using the standardized EuroQol-5D and 'WAM' (well-being, activity, mood) questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In patients of the main group, joint pain during movements, as measured on the VAS scale, decreased by 2.2 times, while pain at rest significantly reduced, whereas in the control group, this decrease was only 1.2 times (p< 0.05). In the main group, the total score on the Leken algofunctional index decreased almost twice, on the 'WAM' scale in the activity and mood categories, there was an improvement of 1.4 times, while in the control group, only 1.4 times and 1.2 times, respectively (p<0.05). Assessment of quality of life on the EuroQol-5D scale showed significant positive dynamics in all indicators of vital activity in patients of the main group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A course of external use of baths with underground sulfide boric medium-mineralized hydrocarbonate-chloride sodium waters in villagers with osteoarthritis of large joints contributed to increasing the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment, and improving the quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"482-487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New vs. old - use of nicotine delivery products by adult residents of Poland.","authors":"Natalia Miller, Piotr Samel-Kowalik, Edyta Krzych-Fałta, Agata Zadrożna, Bolesław Samoliński","doi":"10.26444/aaem/204247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/204247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>The global tobacco smoking prevalence is estimated at 22.3% of the adult population. In Poland, nearly 1/4 of all adults smoke cigarettes (TC). The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of adult Poles using traditional and novel nicotine-containing products, as well as to determine factors linked with choosing e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products (HTP).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A representative cross-sectional study was conducted (CATI technique, data collected March-May 2022) with a random sample of 5,000 inhabitants of Poland aged 18+.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total current prevalence of use of one or more of the analyzed products (TC, e-cigarettes, HTP) was 24.4% (95%CI:23.2-25.6%). Current users of TC amounted to 21.1% (95%CI:20.0-22.2). The prevalence of everyday users of TC was 16.5% (95%CI:15.5-17.5%) with another 4.6% (95%CI:4.0-5.2%) smoking TC occasionally. The total current prevalence of use of e-cigarettes was 3.2%, where current everyday prevalence was 1.9% (95%CI:1.6-2.4) and 1.3% (95%CI:1.0-1.7) occasional. The total current prevalence of use of HTP was 3.4% where current everyday prevalence was 1.8% (95%CI:1.5-2.2) and 1.6% (95%CI:1.3-2.0) occasional.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In 2022, the current use prevalence of HTP (every day or occasional) is similar to the use prevalence of e-cigarettes among adults living in Poland. In 2022, the current smoking prevalence of TC in Poland was 6-7 times higher than the current use prevalence of HTP or e-cigarettes. Although the smoking prevalence of TC has decreased in the last 10 years, it remains higher in Poland when compared to the average in the European Union.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"582-591"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare facility manager and patient rights - legal framework and responsibility. A systemic analysis from the public health perspective.","authors":"Kamila Ćwik, Jerzy Kuliński","doi":"10.26444/aaem/214347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/214347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>The aim of the article is to provide a systematic analysis of the legal framework and various forms of responsibility of the manager of a healthcare facility in Poland in the context of patient rights. It emphasises that effective management in this area is not only a matter of compliance with the law, but is also a fundamental factor determining the health outcomes of the population.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study is based on interdisciplinary methodology integrating legal analysis, public health, and healthcare management. Sources included legal acts, case law, and scholarly literature from databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, selected through key word searches. Methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, and critical analysis of factual and legal contexts were employed. The study also includes participant observation from the authors' experience, enabling comparison of legal norms with healthcare practice and international approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis reveals that healthcare facility managers bear diverse legal responsibilities (civil, criminal, and disciplinary) arising from key regulations, such as the Act on Patients' Rights and the Patient Ombudsman and the Act on Medical Activity. Organizational culture, internal policy, and teamwork fundamentally influence patient rights, safety, and positive patient experiences, which are crucial for public health. The crucial supervisory role of the Patient Ombudsman is also emphasized.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Effective management implemented by healthcare facility managers, based on a thorough understanding of patient rights and their systemic responsibilities, is crucial for creating a high-quality, safe and patient-centred healthcare environment. This directly contributes to improved public health and increased resilience of the healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"453-460"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive evaluation and meta-analysis of the efficacy of autologous conditioned serum vs platelet-rich plasma in knee osteoarthritis treatment.","authors":"Piotr Fudalej, Mahdi Al-Jeabory, Michal Pruc, Jaroslaw Pecold, Lukasz Szarpak","doi":"10.26444/aaem/202310","DOIUrl":"10.26444/aaem/202310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is an advanced, degenerative condition of the joint that impairs movement and quality of life. The pathologic process of OA is multifaceted, and while traditional interventions offer only symptom relief, novel approaches, such as autologous conditioned serum (ACS) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy, are showing greater promise.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The primary outcomes were changes in pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale, VAS) and functional status (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index - WOMAC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relief from pain in the long term was greater with ACS than the PRP group, with better VAS score improvements at three months (p<0.001), six months (p=0.03), and the 24-month mark (p<0.001). WOMAC score evaluations demonstrated ACS had significant differences for functional recovery, along with sustained functional improvement at three months (p<0.001) and six months (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results obtained indicate that some patients with knee OA can obtain sustained relief from pain and improve function more than one year after treatment with anti-inflammatory ACS. Sustained pain relief and functional recovery are also likely due to regulatory mechanisms on inflammation and homeostasis of the joint. This meta-analysis indicates that ACS is more effective than PRP in relieving pain and improving joint function in knee OA. Further studies should be directed towards standardization of protocols, determining the cost, and looking at other outcomes over longer periods to better understand the benefits and refine the clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"497-503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leiomyosarcoma of the right renal vein with tumour thrombus extending to the right atrium - Case Report and literature review.","authors":"Michał Godzisz, Andriy Yadlos, Katarzyna Szklener, Iga Kuliniec, Damian Sudoł, Przemysław Mitura, Krzysztof Bar","doi":"10.26444/aaem/203784","DOIUrl":"10.26444/aaem/203784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a mesenchymal neoplasm accounting for 20% of all soft tissue sarcomas (STS), with a particularly rare localization in the muscular layer of the venous vessels. The case report presents a patient with non-metastatic LMS of the right renal vein, spreading intraluminally, and reaching the right atrium of the heart, supplemented with a review of the state of knowledge. The patient underwent radical treatment, including radical nephrectomy with <i>en bloc</i> thrombectomy under extracorporeal circulation without circulatory arrest and deep hypothermia. Histopathological examination diagnosed LMS and negative surgical margins. A computed tomography (CT) scan performed on the 45th postoperative day detected no early recurrence or metastatic features. The world literature describes 78 cases of renal vein (RV) LMS. Surgical treatment has the greatest overall survival (OS) impact. Adjuvant systemic treatment and radiotherapy do not improve OS outcomes, having only palliative significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"578-581"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of biofilm community structure analysis for assessing the impact of a stormwater system on the aquatic environment.","authors":"Aleksandra Kozłowska, Magdalena Piłat-Rożek, Albert Raczkiewicz, Julia Sierniawska, Katarzyna Jaromin-Gleń, Roman Babko, Konrad Jamka, Grzegorz Łagód","doi":"10.26444/aaem/213803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/213803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Industrial, agricultural and construction development has brought improvements in living conditions, but have also increased the amount of pollution in the environment. Atmospheric precipitation collects pollutants from urban surfaces, which then end up in stormwater systems, contaminating surface waters. These pollutants are also linked to the similar effects of agriculture, as biogenic pollutants originate from over-fertilized crops. Contaminated surface water forces flora and fauna to adapt to new conditions, and affecting the structure and extent of ecosystems. Monitoring the environment with bio-indication methods is important because it enables identification of the areas in need of protection, in an inexpensive and environmentally harmless way. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using biocenotic indices to assess the impact of a stormwater system on the aquatic environment.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Bio-indicative studies were conducted on periphyton sampled at 4 points on the Bystrzyca River in Lublin, eastern Poland, under the influence of stormwater discharge and 1 reference point localized before the stormwater system outflow. The quantitative data concerning the number of chosen algae species was analyzed using indices for the examination of community structure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Considered the indices, i.e. taxonomic richness, Shannon, MacArthur, Menhinick and McIntosh were calculated, evaluated, and shown in various types of graphs showing the fluctuation of indices at measurement points.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of bioindication and classic biocenotic indices allowed for the description, analysis of changes in the periphyton biocenosis under the influence of point source stormwater discharges, and linking measurements from tested samples with environmental conditions and biodiversity in the analyzed study sites and periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"461-468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of <i>Babesia microti</i> penetration of hepatocytes based on <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies.","authors":"Krzysztof Piotr Jasik, Hubert Okła, Marta Albertyńska, Danuta Urbańska-Jasik, Łukasz Chajec, Weronika Rupik, Jarosław Paluch, Przemysław Pol, Monika Szymańska-Czerwińska, Krzysztof Niemczuk","doi":"10.26444/aaem/200775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/200775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease of animals and humans caused by the intraerythrocytic protozoa Babesia genus. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that <i>B. microti</i> can invade not only blood cells but also cells of other parenchymal organs, and to examine the effects of this parasitemia. An additional objective was to ascertain whether there were differences in the response of <i>B. microti</i> to hepatocytes <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> conditions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Wistar rats and the reference hepatocyte cell line Clone 9 isolated from rat livers were used. The rats and cell cultures were infected with an inoculum of <i>B. microti</i>. The investigation of cells <i>in vitro</i> and tissues <i>in vivo</i> was conducted using a light microscope, transmission electron microscope, atomic force microscope, and molecular methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The research findings revealed substantial structural damage to cells, including hydropic degeneration and mitochondrial swelling in <i>B. microti</i>-infected hepatocytes under culture conditions. Similar damage to hepatocytes and thrombosis formation in liver blood vessels were observed. These changes indicated severe liver dysfunction and inflammation of the liver.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>B. microti</i> in intermediate hosts can infect erythrocytes, lymphocytes, and other cells, such as hepatocytes. <i>B. microti</i> affects liver cells directly in <i>in vitro</i> conditions and causes significant liver dysfunction in infected animals. The observed alterations in the blood vessels, including the adhesion of erythrocytes and thrombocytes to the vessel endothelium, provided compelling evidence that the infection of the intermediate host, <i>B. microti</i>, results in haemodynamic disturbances that significantly impact liver dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 4","pages":"542-551"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145867199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}