Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM最新文献

{"title":"OLMALINC alleviates dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis via targeting miR-124-3p.","authors":"Siyuan Ha, Jing Xiao, Ning Gan, Huan Yang","doi":"10.26444/aaem/215649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/215649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the mechanism of LncRNA(lncRNAs) OLMALINC in dexamethasone (Dex)-induced osteoblast differentiation impairment and osteoporosis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>To investigate the impact of OLMALINC and miR-124-3p on Dex-treated osteoblasts, functional gain and loss experiments were conducted using MC3T3-E1 cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assays, RNA pull-down, and MS-RIP experiments were used to verify the targeting relationship between OLMALINC and miR-124-3p. RT-qPCR was conducted to analyze OLMALINC and miR-124-3p levels, as well as osteogenic regulatory factors OPG, Runx2, and ALP-related mRNA in different treatment groups. Protein expression levels were determined by Western blot analysis. Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. cell viability was assessed by CCK-8.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After Dex treatment, OLMALINC levels decreased, while miR-124-3p increased. Transfection of oe-OLMALINC counteracted Dex-induced osteogenic damage by increasing cell viability, decreasing apoptosis reduction, stimulating OPG, ALP, and Runx2 stimulation. OLMALINC targeted miR-124-3p, with OLMALINC negatively regulating miR-124-3p. In turn, miR-124-3p mimic reversed the protective effect of OLMALINC against Dex-induced osteoblast dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that the OLMALINC/miR-124-3p axis influences osteoblast differentiation in Dex-induced osteoblast differentiation impairment and osteoporosis by regulating cell viability, apoptosis, and osteogenic factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"33 2","pages":"211-220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoral microbiome components identified in Polish patients assessed in terms of threats to human health with infectious factors.","authors":"Konrad Perkowski, Monika Dybicz, Dorota Magdalena Szubińska-Lelonkiewicz, Jacek Szaflik, Agnieszka Kuligowska, Monika Ewa Łazicka-Gałecka, David Bruce Conn, Paweł Zawadzki, Beata Szostakowska, Wanda Baltaza, Małgorzata Zadurska, Lidia Chomicz","doi":"10.26444/aaem/218097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/218097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>The human oral cavity, the main part of masticatory system, is a dynamic environment still requiring quality research. The aim of the study is assessment of the status of the oral cavity and composition of intraoral microbiome of Polish patients in terms of threats to human health with infectious factors.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study utilised the data of generally healthy persons: 30 young aged 16-26 years and 30 middle-aged patients, aged 42-52 years. Intraoral swabs were assessed microscopically and by in vitro culture methods to detect/ identify microbiota.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Different microorganisms occurr in the oral cavity, including non-resident species. Parasitic protozoans Trichomonas tenax and Entamoeba gingivalis, facultative parasitic Acanthamoeba strains, yeast-like fungi of Candida albicans group, opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria, including endosymbionts, were identified with various frequency in particular regions of the oral cavity. Higher prevalences of bacteria and fungi strains occurred in middle-aged patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relationship between microbiota of the human oral cavity remains a rare subject of research. This study has shown the ability of different microorganisms to coexist intraorally. These components may pose clinically important threat that should be taken into account as infectious factors. Recognition of microbiome components as potentially contagious, early identification/monitoring/assessment of concomitant species, preventive elimination of the infectious strains during the treatment should be taken into consideration. Further quality research on the intraoral microbiome species that may pose severe local/general clinical diseases are needed to reduce the risk to human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"33 2","pages":"161-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic Disease Anxiety Scale - development and validation of a 17-Item self-reported scale.","authors":"Danuta Ochojska, Jacek Pasternak, Katarzyna Pasternak, Przemysław Tużnik, Marcin Wojtasiński","doi":"10.26444/aaem/207973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/207973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to develop and validate a questionnaire designed to assess the severity of fears in relation to the risk of infectious diseases. The scale was developed for use in a study of individuals facing the challenges of the ongoing pandemic. The global spread of infectious diseases has resulted in widespread concerns and anxiety among individuals worldwide. The present study developed the Pandemic Disease Anxiety Scale (PDAS-17) to provide additional support to clinical efforts in diagnosing the fears and anticipated problems of individuals in a pandemic situation. This will enable the implementation of effective preventive and therapeutic measures.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 775 respondents. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to analyse the psychometric properties of the test. The EFA was performed using SPSS software with Principal Axis Factoring (PAF) and promax rotation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The scale demonstrates robust psychometric properties and is an effective tool for assessing the specificity and severity of fears associated with pandemic threats and traumatic events. The factor loadings for the latent variables demonstrate a robust correlation between the observed items and their corresponding latent constructs. All factor loadings are statistically significant (p < 0.001), indicating that the items effectively measure their intended constructs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Pandemic Disease Anxiety Scale effectively measures multiple dimensions of fear related to the pandemic. The strong factor loadings, significant covariances, and adequate variability in item responses, all contribute to the robustness of the questionnaire. These findings validate the use of this tool for assessing pandemic disease in various contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"33 2","pages":"199-204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does general health literacy predict adolescent mental health profiles based on the dual continua model?","authors":"Joanna Mazur, Alicja Kozakiewicz, Dorota Wiktoria Kleszczewska, Joanna Dec-Pietrowska, Zbigniew Izdebski","doi":"10.26444/aaem/208538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/208538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to define mental health profiles according to the Dual Continua Mental Health (DCMH) model and to analyse their associations with socio-demographic characteristics and health literacy (HL).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An online survey was conducted in 2024 among students aged 13-17 in schools in a mid-western region of Poland (n=9,026). Standardised instruments were used to assess well-being, prevalence of psychosomatic complaints, as well as HL. Multinomial logistic regression was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed that 57.1% of students reported frequent psychosomatic complaints, whereas 24.5% met the criteria for low well-being. Six mental health profiles were identified, ranging from the most unfavourable (low wellbeing and frequent complaints - 21.4%) to optimal (high well-being and none or infrequent complaints - 29.1%). HL was associated with profile membership to a significant extent - a low level of HL tripled the risk of adherence to the group with the poorest mental health status (OR=3.06; 95% CI: 2.43-3.85). Living in rural areas protected against being classified into the least favourable group (OR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.69-0.97).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The DCMH model offers a framework for multidimensional analysis of mental health profiles among adolescents, and its application may incorporate various research tools. Professionals (psychologists, educators, teachers) should not only respond to signs of crisis, but also actively strengthen young people's resources - particularly by fostering health literacy, building psychological resilience, and promoting positive functioning within the school environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"33 2","pages":"205-210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time on the fitness of elderly female breast cancer survivors - pilot study.","authors":"Małgorzata Biskup, Małgorzata Terek, Sławomir Okła, Jakub Spałek, Paweł Macek, Jarosław Chmielewski, Paulina Maria Kaczor-Szkodny","doi":"10.26444/aaem/216270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/216270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Treatment for breast cancer is associated with numerous adverse effects that may impair functional fitness. The aim of the study is to assess physical fitness levels and examine the influence of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time on functional fitness among independently functioning breast cancer survivors (BCS) over the age of 60. The influence was assessed of the overall distribution of adiposity and adipose tissue on the level of fitness and physical activity.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>88 breast cancer survivors with an average age of 69 years were included in the study. Physical activity was measured using ActiGraph GT3X triaxial accelerometer. Senior Fitness Test (SFT) was used to assess functional fitness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was positively correlated with performance in SFT3, SFT4, SFT5 and SFT6 trials. Sitting time showed a negative correlation with SFT1, SFT3, SFT5 and SFT6 trial results. Objective measurements of PA indicated that participants primarily engaged in LPA, with an average of approximately 290 minutes per day. Average daily sitting time was 765 minutes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Breast cancer survivors often fail to meet the recommendations regarding physical fitness. The flexibility of the upper extremity, agility and balance were the most impaired components. Patients older than 60 years do not undertake vigorous physical activity. Improvements in functional fitness were seen in older patients who engaged in more physical activity or spent less time sitting.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"33 2","pages":"227-233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of genetic damage and mutagenic properties of chlorpyrifos and glyphosate.","authors":"Krzysztof Sawicki, Magdalena Matysiak, Marcin Kruszewski, Lucyna Kapka-Skrzypczak","doi":"10.26444/aaem/221150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/221150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Beyond acute and chronic poisoning, scientific attention in recent years has shifted toward the negative effects of pesticides on genetic material. Numerous studies demonstrate that these compounds possess both genotoxic and mutagenic potential. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate and compare the potential of chlorpyrifos (CPS) and glyphosate (GLY) to induce DNA damage.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Human immortalized keratinocytes cell line HaCaT were used as the test organisms in viability (Neutral Red assay) and genotoxicity assays (Comet assay). To test the mutagenicity, <i>S. typhimurium</i> strains TA98 and TA100 assay was used in microplate format.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study demonstrated that CPS exhibits significantly higher toxicity and genotoxicity, compared to GLY. The Ames test showed that CPS possesses mutagenic potential (strain TA98) only after activation with the S9 fraction, remaining inactive against strain TA100. Although GLY did not induce mutations in strain TA98, at the highest concentration (1,000 μM), it caused substitution mutations (strain TA100).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Due to the complexity of pesticide biotransformation mechanisms and their diverse impact on genetic material, relying on a single test system is insufficient. To obtain a reliable safety assessment and capture the full spectrum of potential damage, it is necessary to combine bacterial methods, with cytogenetic studies on mammalian cells. Such a complementary approach eliminates errors resulting from the high cytotoxicity of pesticides toward bacteria, and enables the analysis of DNA mutations in non-bacterial models. Further research into the impact of these compounds on the genetic material of living organisms is therefore necessary, but using a greater number of biological models, as well as other methods to resolve this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"33 2","pages":"192-198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-assessment of health status and identification of traffic hazards for urban cyclists.","authors":"Piotr Lutomski, Magdalena Florek-Łuszczki","doi":"10.26444/aaem/224197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/224197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>The bicycle as a means of transport gains popularity among the inhabitants of European cities, being not only an alternative to cars, but also a way to improve health and wellbeing. The aim of the study is to identify and provide an in-depth analysis of health benefits, as well as potential environmental and traffic hazards resulting from regular commuting to work by bicycle.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study, conducted in the form of a diagnostic survey, included 285 adult inhabitants of Lublin, Poland. The criterion of purposive sampling was the respondents' occupational activity and choosing a bicycle as a means of commuting to the place of work. The study was carried out using an author-constructed questionnaire and a standardized research tool - Satisfaction with Life Scale. Statistical analysis was performed by means of χ2 test for independence; the p values p≤0.05 were considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most respondents evaluated their overall health as good (55.4%) or very good (31.9%), and their self-assessed immune status as high (57.9%) or very high (23.5%). Year-round cycling was significantly associated with a higher self-assessment of health (p<0.01). Commuting by bicycle was associated with improved physical fitness (43.9%) and immunity (21.4%). Cyclists achieved a mean SWLS score of 23.4, indicating above-average life satisfaction. The main identified traffic hazards were cars/drivers (60%) and insufficient infrastructure (41.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regular commuting to work by bicycle is positively associated with perceived health benefits, including higher self-assessed fitness, higher self-assessed immune status, and fewer reported colds, as well as with above-average satisfaction with life. However, road safety concerns and insufficient cycling infrastructure remain significant barriers to active and safe commuting.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"33 2","pages":"259-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioindicators as a fundamental element for assessing the state of forest and agrarian ecosystems.","authors":"Terézia Pošiváková, Peter Lazar, Jozef Švajlenka","doi":"10.26444/aaem/217771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/217771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>The negative impact of pollutants on organisms is complex and still insufficiently investigated. This is caused by the diversity of organisms and by the high variability of the composition of foreign substances and their synergistic effects on each organism. The mechanisms by which living organisms are damaged differ depending on the type, intensity, and duration of the stress factor and interaction with biotic factors.</p><p><strong>Review methods: </strong>The study focuses on the importance of bioindicators and the process of bioindication which evaluate the selected organisms homeostastis, observation of ecological processes, and the overall assessment of environmental changes.</p><p><strong>Brief description of the state of knowledge: </strong>In addition to traditional matrices, such as air, water and soil, bioindicators of plant and animal origin are used to monitor the level of environmental contamination and to control pollution. It is known that bioindicators often contain significantly higher concentrations of certain pollutants than those detected in the matrices themselves. Bioindicators of animal origin allow assessment of environmental quality and its changes over time. They serve as suitable indicators for evaluating the impact of negative anthropogenic activities on ecosystems by studying the reactions of biota to the resulting stress.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Bioindication is an important tool in ecotoxicological and veterinary studies, drawing on advances in human and veterinary medicine. As the negative impact of the human population grows on the environment, understanding the role of biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem functions becomes increasingly important. Wildlife biomonitoring using selected wild game mammals has become a common and effective approach for assessing environmental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"33 2","pages":"149-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the frequency of IgM and IgG antibodies against <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> sensu lato in the serum of inhabitants the Poprad Landscape Park in southern Poland.","authors":"Sylwia Koczanowicz, Magdalena Nowak-Chmura, Dorota Hudy, Karolina Baranowska, Marek Asman","doi":"10.26444/aaem/208153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/208153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Borreliosis, also known as Lyme disease, is a chronic, multi-organ illness that is very difficult to diagnose. It is caused by the spirochete <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> sensu lato and transmitted to humans as a consequence of being bitten by a tick, mostly of the Ixodes genus, infected with the pathogen. The aim of the study is to assess the frequency of <i>B. burgdorferi</i> s.l. infections among a randomly selected human population living in the Poprad Landscape Park in southern Poland.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Serum for the study was obtained from 99 randomly selected patients who reported for routine testing at the medical diagnostic laboratory in Krynica-Zdrój. The presence of IgM and IgG antibodies against <i>B. burgdorferi</i> s.l. spirochetes in the sera were defined using the ELISA method. Western Blot test verified positive and doubtful results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, positive or borderline results for at least one class of anti-Borrelia antibodies were found in 22.2% of human sera. Only in two samples were the positive results in anti-Borrelia IgM and IgG shown. Antibodies against the spirochete <i>B. burgdorferi</i> s.l. were detected both in people who had found a tick on their body, and in people who claimed they never had.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Studies have shown a high percentage of people with antibodies against detected <i>B. burgdorferi</i> s.l.. This may indicate frequent bites of the inhabitants of the Poprad Landscape Park by ticks, during which transmission of the <i>B. burgdorferi</i> s.l. spirochete occurs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"33 2","pages":"154-160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of risk of fractures and its connection with predictors of falls among people of over 60 years of age.","authors":"Bożena Krystyna Kowalczyk, Bożena Zawadzka, Jarosław Chmielewski, Izabela Małgorzata Wróblewska, Maciej Janusz Żerdziński, Marek Łyp, Magdalena Florek-Łuszczki","doi":"10.26444/aaem/218354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/218354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Global aging is a vital issue of public health from the medical, social and economic points of view. Together with the aging of the population, there is also a higher risk of low mineral density (BMD) especially among people over the age of sixty which indirectly leads to significantly more fractures. The aim of the study is to evaluate the connection between selected factors connected to health, and predict the risk of fractures, obtained by means of an FRAX calculator.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was conducted on a group of 540 people aged between 60 - 74 (early old age), 75 - 89, and 75 - 89 (late old age) living at home. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test was used to evaluate functional fitness and the risk of falls. A scale of complex everyday activities as per Lawton (IADL). Moreover, to assess the risk of fracture, a Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten-year-long absolute risk of fractures as per the FRAX calculator was: on a low level - 41.85%, medium level - 36.11% and on a high level - 22.04% of the study participants. A correlation was observed between the FRAX and the number of medications taken only once (p=0.000), fear of falling (p<0.001), body mass indicator (BMI) (p<0.001), ability to perform complex everyday activities (p<0.001), falling (p<0.001) and hospitalization during the last 12 months, 6 medicines taken together, fear of falling, experienced in the last year.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"33 2","pages":"242-248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}