Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM最新文献

{"title":"Supplementary activity of the agricultural business sector and a method for ecological protection of the cultural landscape.","authors":"Terézia Pošiváková, Jozef Švajlenka","doi":"10.26444/aaem/202638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/202638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>The development of agrotourism is based on ecological principles and, in a more narrow sense of the term, it is a matter of green tourism as a way of rediscovering the countryside and agricultural areas. It is an effort to achieve a harmonious combination of leisure activities with awareness of the cultural and natural wealth of the land. It contributes to preserving and expanding cultural and social traditions and to preserving cultivated land.</p><p><strong>Review methods: </strong>The article is concerned with the problems of agrotourism and rural tourism in the regions of Central Europe. The research and subsequent analysis focuses on analyzing existing knowledge in the field of the environment in the context of activities in the agricultural sector as one of the driving mechanisms of the economy for increasing sustainability as such.</p><p><strong>Brief description of the state of knowledge: </strong>Agrotourism is a real opportunity to restore and maintain the welfare of rural areas, as well as the solution of extremely acute social problems that need to be addressed, primarily the problems of rural employment, health, education, and leisure. Solving these problems through the development of agrotourism will promote the social stability of rural regions. Future research could help identify agritourism best practices, keys to success, or barriers to growth.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Tracking agritourism operations over time would help researchers better understand the characteristics of successful operations and why some enterprises have chosen to participate in agritourism. Research in this area could also help identify the rural economic development benefits of industry agglomeration and how they vary based on the type of agritourism enterprise, regional location attributes, and spill-overs from other local industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 2","pages":"185-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the medical and social levels of disability as a basis for successful comprehensive rehabilitation.","authors":"Barbara Kołłątaj, Witold Piotr Kołłątaj, Elżbieta Cipora, Halina Piecewicz-Szczęsna, Irena Dorota Karwat","doi":"10.26444/aaem/207621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/207621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>In every society there are people who have the legal or biological status of a disabled person. There are 1.3 billion people worldwide who require assistance and support at every stage of their medical treatment and rehabilitation. Their social needs are underestimated, which reduces their quality of life. The aim of the review is to identify the types of medical and social problems encountered by the disabled, the importance of their extent and level of interdependence, defined by the tasks of comprehensive rehabilitation in order to maximise the independence of people with disabilities.</p><p><strong>Review methods: </strong>A review was conducted of scientific literature in English, German and Polish covering the years 1980-2024 on the rehabilitation process with regard to medical and social needs. The following key words were used in the research in PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases: disabled people, interdependence of medical and social needs, rehabilitation process.</p><p><strong>Brief description of the state of knowledge: </strong>Disabled persons, especially the most severely disadvantaged, are among the most excluded groups in many countries. They are marginalised in both social and working life. Fundamental support for people with disabilities involves the full implementation of comprehensive rehabilitation that takes into account both medical and social needs. The majority of scientific works deal with the medical side of disability. Rehabilitation is not always accessible to disabled persons, especially those living in small towns and villages.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>People with disabilities require much more support in terms of social and vocational rehabilitation. Their level of participation and improved quality of life is ensured by well-organised comprehensive rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 2","pages":"198-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One condition, different environments? Haematologic parameter dynamics and pulmonary embolism in urban vs. rural orthopaedic patients.","authors":"Małgorzata Neścior-Piech, Piotr Piech, Zuzanna Szostak, Jakub Pelak, Agata Sowińska-Pelak, Jacek Gągała, Grzegorz Staśkiewicz","doi":"10.26444/aaem/207245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/207245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Pulmonary embolism (PE) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among orthopaedic patients. Despite documented cardiovascular disparities between urban and rural populations, data linking these environments with PE incidence and haematologic changes are scarce. The study investigates the differences in acute pulmonary embolism (APE) incidence and dynamic haematologic changes between urban and rural orthopaedic patients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis included 276 orthopaedic patients hospitalized over eight years in a tertiary centre in Eastern Poland. Patients were categorized by residence (urban vs. rural). Complete blood count parameters, notably red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet indices, and erythrocyte parameters, were analyzed on admission and at clinical suspicion of APE. APE was confirmed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography. Ethical approval was obtained (KE-0254/17/2019). Standard statistical tests were used (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>APE incidence did not differ significantly between urban (39.1%) and rural (47.4%) patients (p=0.181). However, urban patients had significantly higher RDW values on admission (p=0.037). Additionally, females showed significantly elevated RDW, particularly in rural settings (p=0.038). Other haematologic parameters showed no significant differences between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although residence did not significantly influence APE incidence, the elevated RDW in urban patients suggests environmental or lifestyle-related haematologic modulation. Considering the limited similar studies in the literature, RDW emerges as a potential, cost-effective biomarker for early APE risk stratification in orthopaedic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 2","pages":"295-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissatisfaction and discrepancy in body-image perceptions among adolescents aged 10-17 years from rural areas of southern Poland - a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ewa Błaszczyk-Bębenek, Paweł Jagielski, Rafał Nowak, Agnieszka Ostachowska-Gąsior","doi":"10.26444/aaem/193461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/193461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Puberty causes changes in body composition and appearance which can lead to impaired self-evaluation and, subsequently, health-risk behaviours among adolescents. The aim of this study was to assess the congruence of self-perception, body dissatisfaction, and self-perception incongruence with the current body weight status of adolescents from rural areas of southern Poland.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a sample of 446 adolescents aged 10-17 years, primarily from rural areas of the provinces of southern Poland. Body mass index (BMI) was used to assess the nutritional status of adolescents. The research tool was a questionnaire that included a body silhouette test, a body image dissatisfaction index (BID), and the FAI (Feel weight status minus Actual weight status Inconsistency) index to observe inappropriate perceptions of body weight status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 245 (54.9%) girls and 201 (45.1%) boys with a mean age of 13.6 ± 2.1 years were evaluated. Overall, 66.7% of the boys and 61.6% of the girls had normal body weight based on BMI interpretation, but only 33.5% of the girls and 39.3% of the boys perceived their body weight as normal. Almost 60% of the surveyed boys and girls were dissatisfied (BID) with their own appearance. An incorrect perception of body weight status (FAI) was presented by 49.4% of the girls and 41.8% of the boys. For more than 70% of girls, the ideal figure was one indicated as being underweight in the silhouette test. Dissatisfaction with one's own appearance was significantly associated with adherence to a diet and alcohol consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inappropriate perceptions and negative self-image among adolescents may be associated with hazardous health behaviours, representing a serious public health problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 2","pages":"240-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health risk resulting from pesticide residues in food of plant origin - a still valid challenge for health and ecological education.","authors":"Ilona Żeber-Dzikowska, Barbara Gworek, Małgorzata Goździewska","doi":"10.26444/aaem/205738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/205738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Pesticides are synthetic or natural substances applied for control of harmful or undesirable organisms, used mainly for the protection of cultivated plants, food products, feeds, and other materials. Systematic and excessive use of plant protection products to combat pests and diseases of agricultural produce still creates risk for the health of consumers. Negative health effects of pesticides use are expressed by consuming their remains with food, changes in the chemical composition of plant raw materials, and consequently, changes in food. The toxicity and harmfulness of pesticides varies. The aim of the study is the systematization of knowledge concerning the most important pesticides, the residues of which occur in food. The results of studies on the content of these compounds in food of plant origin, and their effect on consumers' health, are presented and discussed.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Epidemiological studies were reviewed indicating undesirable health effects. Bibliometrics was used covering the period 2020-2024. The literature review was carried out by searching the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Bibliographic data were analyzed using the open access criterion and selected subject classification entries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A diagnosis of residues of chemical compounds of natural and synthetic origin in selected food groups was presented.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Studies show the hazardous effect of pesticides on the majority of living organisms, including humans. Further actions are needed related with their identification in food of plant origin. It is justifiable to identify actions in the area of ecological and health education aimed at raising public awareness of risks resulting from pesticide residues in food of plant origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":"32 2","pages":"274-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress and occupational burnout in a population of Polish doctors - Organizational-professional and non-professional-social predictors.","authors":"Marta Makara-Studzińska,&nbsp;Antoni Wontorczyk,&nbsp;Bernadetta Izydorczyk","doi":"10.26444/aaem/110846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/110846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Numerous studies have found that doctors are exposed to stress and burnout at work. In consequence, these processes lead to a decrease in the quality of life. The study aimed to determine whether professional burnout, understood as a cognitive existential process, is related to stress at work and if any of the four dimensions of burnout are its predictor. The study also analyzed relations between organizational-professional and non-professional-social factors and burnout and stress at work.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>318 doctors (210 women, 108 men), aged 27 - 8, participated in the study. Link Burnout Questionnaire (LBQ) was used to measure burnout, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) to measure the variable describing the current level of stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Occupational burnout is related to stress. Two of its symptoms: exhaustion and lack of a sense of professional effectiveness, are important predictors for the sense of stress experienced by the examined group of doctors. The individuals who are in a partner relationship (but not marriage) experienced a stronger sense of non-professional effectiveness than those who were single. Being in an informal relationship is related to the level of stress and lack of a sense of professional effectiveness. The level of stress, as well as all burnout indicators, are connected with the function of a team leader and having passion. The frequency of taking leave and using social networks is related to the level of stress and burnout.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Problems related to burnout in doctors, and therefore people professionally involved in helping and treating, must not be underestimated, as evidenced by the results of the presented study Professional burnout of doctors leads to somatic and psychological problems. Doctors suffering from occupational burnout need support and psychological assistance the same as any other professional group.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":" ","pages":"456-468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38501472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichinellosis in Slovakia - epidemiological situation in humans and animals (2009-2018).","authors":"Daniela Antolová,&nbsp;Miroslava Fecková,&nbsp;Daniela Valentová,&nbsp;Zuzana Hurníková,&nbsp;Dana Miklisová,&nbsp;Mária Avdičová,&nbsp;Monika Halánová","doi":"10.26444/aaem/125194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/125194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Trichinella spp. are zoonotic parasitic nematodes with almost worldwide distribution. The infection can be transmitted through the foodborne route and can cause serious health problems in infected human patients. It is also an economically important issue due to the high financial cost connected with prevention of the disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to discover trends in the epidemiological situation in people and animals in Slovakia in 2009-2018.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Data on human trichinellosis originated from the Public Health Authority of the Slovak Republic, and data on Trichinella infection in animals from the State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic. A seroepidemiological study on 655 voluntary respondents was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Altogether, 29 human cases were reported between 2009-2018, with a maximum of 13 cases in 2011. Males were affected more often (19 cases) than females (10 cases); the average age of patients was 45.1 years. Antibodies to Trichinellawere detected in two sera (0.3%): in a serum from one hunter and one veterinarian. In the monitored period, the average prevalence of Trichinella infection was 9.6% in 2,295 red foxes, and 0.04% in 165,643 wild boars. Three (1.7%) of 178 surveyed brown bears were positive. Within the compulsory monitoring of trichinellosis in domestic pigs, none from a total of 1,632,688 pigs were positive. The presence of three species, Trichinellabritovi, T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis, was documented, with T. britovi representing 93.9% of identified isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study indicates that the prevalence of Trichinella infection has not changed considerably with time in Slovakia, and the risk of human infection outbreaks is connected mainly with the consumption of wild boar meat.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":" ","pages":"361-367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38400748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive assessment of haemodynamic parameters in patients after Fontan procedure.","authors":"Piotr Gutknecht,&nbsp;Joanna Kwiatkowska,&nbsp;Anna Wałdoch,&nbsp;Konrad Siebert,&nbsp;Janusz Siebert","doi":"10.26444/aaem/109973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/109973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Single ventricle anomaly is one of the complex congenital heart defects. A dependable non-invasive method of evaluation of Fontan circulation haemodynamics for early diagnosing unstable patients is hardly available in routine clinical practice. The aim of the study is non-invasive evaluation of the haemodynamic parameters in patients after Fontan operation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study involved 11 participants (age 24.4±4.3 years) with functionally univentricular hearts after Fontan operation. Evaluation of haemodynamic parameters was performed in supine and sitting positions using the impedance cardiography method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In comparative analysis, heart rate (70.1 vs.78.3 1/min; p=0.001), diastolic blood pressure (73.9 vs. 76.7 mm Hg; p=0.026), mean arterial blood pressure (84.5 vs. 88.0 mm Hg; p=0.013), systemic vascular resistance (1284.8 vs. 1334.9 dyn*s*cm-5; p=0.024), systemic vascular resistance index (2178.7 vs. 2272.8 dyn*s*cm-5*m2 ; p=0.018), pre-ejection period (124.2 vs. 136.2 ms; p=0.009), systolic time ratio (0.43 vs. 0.53; p=0.0001), and Zo (26.2 vs. 28.7 Ω; p<0.00001), were significantly higher in the sitting position. Stroke volume (75.4 vs. 68.5 ml; p=0.013), stroke index (42.7 vs. 39.0 ml*m-2; p=0.014), thoracic fluid content (38.5 vs. 35.4 1*kΩ-1; p=<0.00001), thoracic fluid content index (22.8 vs. 21.0 1*kΩ-1*m-2; p=<0.00001), and leftventricular ejection time 291.1 vs. 260.1 ms; p <0.00001, were significantly higher in the supine position.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients after Fontan procedure, impedance cardiography can be a useful tool the assessment of shortterm haemodynamic changes provoked by postural changes. Its clinical value in patients with congenital heart defects should be further investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":" ","pages":"384-387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38400752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coping strategies observed in women with rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Mariola Janiszewska,&nbsp;Agnieszka Barańska,&nbsp;Krzysztof Kanecki,&nbsp;Agata Karpińska,&nbsp;Ewelina Firlej,&nbsp;Magdalena Bogdan","doi":"10.26444/aaem/110958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/110958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When faced with a chronic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, the patient attempts to cope with the stressful situation by applying coping strategies. The main aim of rheumatoid treatment is not only improving health but also increasing the quality of life. The research objective was to determine the relationship among socio demographic factors, duration of the disease and its associated ailments, attitude to the disease, self-assessment of one's knowledge of RA, and the application of coping strategies in stressful situations by women with rheumatoid arthritis. The study involved 193 patients of the Clinic of Rheumatology and Systemic Connective Tissue Diseases, and the Rheumatology Unit of the Specialist Outpatient Clinic of the Independent Public Teaching Hospital No. 4 in Lublin, from November 2016 - June 2017. The Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced Inventory (COPE) Questionnaire and an author's Original Questionnaire were used in the study. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's range test were applied for statistical analysis. A p-value<0.05 defined the statistical differences. Analysis was performed using the commercial SPSS Statistics 19 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The respondents usually use instrumental social support (11.5±1.7), focus on and vent emotions (11.4±1.9), use emotional social support (11.4±1.8), employ active coping (11.4±2.1) and positive reinterpretation and growth (11.2±1.8), and least often rely on their sense of humour (5.5±1.4) or use alcohol or drugs (5±1.1). The factors which determine the types of strategy used are age, education, the duration of the disease, ailments experienced, and attitude towards the disease. Those respondents who declared a greater knowledge of RA more often applied positive reinterpretation and growth, and more rarely used alcohol or drugs. In the treatment and rehabilitation processes it is important to reinforce in the patient positive expectations for the treatment, seek advantages and benefits in one's present health status, and educate patients about the disease, its therapy and appropriate coping strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":" ","pages":"401-406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38404181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stroke epidemiology based on experience from Krasnik county in eastern Poland.","authors":"Bartłomiej Drop,&nbsp;Kos Marek,&nbsp;Furtak-Niczyporuk Marzena","doi":"10.26444/aaem/110020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/110020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cerebrovascular diseases in Poland constitute a bigger threat to life in men than in women, especially after the age of 60. Death rates indicate higher stroke over-mortality in the rural population rather than the urban. At the same time, stroke is the main cause of long-term disability, since half of the patients are unable to independently perform daily activities, which makes them dependent on other people.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was conducted in the Independent Public Healthcare Institution in Kraśnik, eastern Poland. It covered the medical records of 1,500 patients, 780 women (52%) and 720 men (48%), aged 20-100, diagnosed with cerebral infarction. The patients were hospitalised between 2011-2016 in the Neurology Ward with a Stroke Unit, the Internal Medicine Ward, and the Anaesthetics and Intensive Care Ward.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The stroke patients hospitalised in the Independent Public Healthcare Institution in Kraśnik were residents of urban communes (59.1% of subjects) and rural communes (40.9%). The most often diagnosed type of stroke was due to embolism of the cerebral arteries (I63.4) in women (63.48%). In men, the most most often diagnosed type was cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of the cerebral arteries (I63.3; 51.33%). Stroke in 36.15% of the female subjects resulted in death. In male subjects, death occurred in 26.11% of the cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women aged around 78-years-old were the most likely to suffer a stroke. In men, it occurred eight years earlier. Despite residents of urban areas being hospitalised due to stroke more often, deaths caused by this disease were recorded the most frequently among rural residents. It can be concluded that primary stroke prevention is the only effective measure for reducing morbidity and premature mortality in the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":520557,"journal":{"name":"Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM","volume":" ","pages":"448-455"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38404188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}