Alzheimer disease and associated disorders最新文献

{"title":"Influence of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia Clusters on Activities of Daily Living in a Subacute Rehabilitation Setting.","authors":"Masahiro Tenjin, Katsushi Yokoi, Hiroyuki Tanaka","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000714","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding the relationship between specific behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) clusters and improvements in activities of daily living (ADL) supports effective interventions for dementia. This study identified BPSD clusters and examined their association with ADL improvement in patients with dementia in subacute rehabilitation settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 137 patients with dementia, aged 65 years or older, admitted to a subacute rehabilitation ward in Japan. ADL and BPSD were assessed using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Nursing Home Version, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis explored the BPSD clusters. Linear mixed models identified the factors associated with FIM score changes between admission and discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five BPSD clusters were identified: psychosis, behavioral disorders, affective syndrome, hyperactivity, and apathy. In the linear mixed model, higher cognitive functions were associated with greater ADL independence (β=2.136, P <0.001). A significant interaction between mini-mental status examination and time (β=-0.919, P <0.001) indicated greater improvements in participants with lower baseline cognition. Conversely, higher hyperactivity scores were associated with less ADL improvement (β=-0.454, P =0.048).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cognitive function and hyperactivity-related BPSD significantly influenced the functional outcomes in patients with dementia undergoing subacute rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520551,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer disease and associated disorders","volume":" ","pages":"46-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146145857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed Nonfluent/Agrammatic Primary Progressive Aphasia and Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia: A Case Report From Tanzania.","authors":"Samwel S Msigwa, Ran Tianlu","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000709","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) comprises neurodegenerative syndromes causing progressive deterioration in behavior, language, and executive function, with relative preservation of memory early on. Overlap between the behavioral variant (bvFTD) and nonfluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA) reflects shared frontotemporal network pathology but remains rarely documented in Sub-Saharan Africa, where Alzheimer disease predominates. We describe a 61-year-old Tanzanian man who initially presented with effortful, halting speech, agrammatism, and impaired syntax consistent with nfvPPA. Over 4 years, he developed mutism, apathy, loss of initiative, and pica-like behaviors, indicative of bvFTD progression. MRI showed asymmetric frontotemporal atrophy, predominantly in the left hemisphere, with relative posterior sparing. Laboratory tests were unremarkable. This case highlights the evolution from language-predominant to behavioral FTD, illustrating the clinical continuum of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. It underscores the need for awareness, longitudinal assessment, and accessible neuroimaging to improve FTD recognition and management in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":520551,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer disease and associated disorders","volume":" ","pages":"59-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146109507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Among Probable REM-sleep Behavior Disorder, Dopamine Transporter Binding, and Cognitive Performance in Parkinson Disease.","authors":"Hyun Kim, Yumeng Ada Qi, Terry E Goldberg, Seonjoo Lee","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000717","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While REM-sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a robust prodromal marker of Parkinson disease (PD), little is known about the RBD's interaction with striatal dopamine transporter binding, a key neurobiological mechanism in PD. This study used a large-scale dataset of PD to examine the potential interaction between positive screening on probable RBD (pRBD) and striatal dopamine on cognition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sample included 1120 individuals (mean age 62.83±9.48, 38.0% female, 32.32% with pRBD) with PD. pRBD was screened using the RBD Screening Questionnaire. Dopamine transporter (DaT) single-photon emission computed tomography values were extracted for the putamen and the caudate. Cognitive performance was measured using neuropsychological tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regression analyses indicated that pRBD was significantly associated with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT, B=-1.8, P =0.01), after adjusting for covariates. While there was no significant interaction between pRBD and striatal DaT measures on SDMT, pRBD's association with SDMT remained significant after adding DaT in the analytic model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a large, early-stage PD cohort, a positive screen for probable RBD was significantly associated with a measure of processing speed and cognitive control. This association was not explained by dopamine transporter activity. Early screening of RBD would be important for treatment planning managing cognitive changes in PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":520551,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer disease and associated disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lecanemab and Donanemab Combination Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease-The Cocktail May Work Even Better Together.","authors":"Eric Dinnerstein","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000711","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lecanemab and Donanemab are two new FDA-approved antiamyloid immunotherapies that are Alzheimer disease modifying agents. They do not work on the same target, however. While Lecanemab targets pathologic amyloid protofibrils, Donanemab targets the amyloid plaque itself intracranially. In theory, they can be administered together, as combination therapy, to produce an augmented effect. Research of the feasibility of such a combination will require bringing together competing pharmaceutical companies, which can only happen by setting a national agenda bringing together academia, pharma, the government and advocacy groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":520551,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer disease and associated disorders","volume":"40 1","pages":"65-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Dementia in a Sample of Patients From a Quaternary Care Hospital Network in the United Arab Emirates: A Case-control Study.","authors":"Akum Dhillon, Jawad Fazal","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000691","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Data on risk factors for dementia in the MENA region and specifically in the UAE are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study of dementia patients and age-matched controls identified over 10 years at a quaternary care hospital network in Abu Dhabi. Historic data on cardiovascular, neurological, psychiatric, and nutritional risk factors were collected for patients and controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 281 dementia patients (mean age 74.9 ± 9.2 y, 46.3% females) and 281 age-matched controls (mean age 74.3 ± 4.6 y, 55.9% females) were included. Patients with dementia were more likely to have heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, chronic anemia, chronic kidney disease, Parkinson disease, other neurodegenerative changes, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, and vitamin D deficiency, and less likely to have hyperlipidemia compared with controls. On logistic regression, only cerebrovascular disease (OR: 6.578, 95% CI: 2.163-20.004, P = 0.001) and mood disorders (OR: 10.046, 95% CI: 2.255-44.751, P = 0.002) were significantly and independently associated with dementia, while hyperlipidemia was protective (OR: 0.531, 95% CI: 0.360-0.783, P = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cerebrovascular disease and mood disorders are potential risk factors for dementia in the MENA region, while a protective role for hyperlipidemia warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520551,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer disease and associated disorders","volume":" ","pages":"331-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Cohabitation With Dementia Patients and Family Mental Health: Age-Stratified Findings.","authors":"Yoo J Lee, In C Hwang, Hong Y Ahn","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000704","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia is a global health issue and its effects on family caregivers are substantial. This study investigated the relationship between cohabitation with patients and the mental health of families in South Korea. On the basis of the nationwide data, 24,874 individuals with dementia within their families were included in the analysis. Multivariate logistic models were used to compare the 3 mental health issues (stress, depression, and suicidal ideation) between the cohabiting and noncohabiting groups. Approximately 15% of participants cohabited with patients with dementia. Members of the cohabiting group had a more stressful status and a higher rate of suicidal ideation than those in the noncohabiting group; however, this association remained significant only for older caregivers (≥65 y). In conclusion, the mental health of family members living with patients with dementia, particularly older caregivers, should be carefully assessed.</p>","PeriodicalId":520551,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer disease and associated disorders","volume":" ","pages":"328-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making Sense of Visual Hallucinations in Lewy Body Dementia for Informal Caregivers: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.","authors":"Jake Hutchinson, Alexandra Knox, Daniel Collerton, Angela Prout","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WAD.0000000000000705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A growing body of research has outlined the adverse outcomes which may occur for those providing informal care in the context of visual hallucinations for those with Lewy Body Disorder (LBD). However, there is a lack of first-person, subjective perspectives from those providing informal care in this area.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA; Smith et al 2009) was deemed the most appropriate qualitative method to answer the research question: \"What is the lived experience of individuals providing informal care to those experiencing visual hallucinations in the context of Lewy body dementia?\" IPA is dedicated to understanding participants' experiences by accessing the meaning they impart on the phenomenon.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six caregivers of persons with LBD took part in semistructured interviews. All participants had experience providing informal care to individuals with visual hallucinations in the context of Lewy Body Disorder (LBD). IPA was conducted to get close to participants' experiences. Five superordinate themes were identified, including (1) duty and devotion. (2) How do you make sense of something surreal? (3) Moving to a position of adjustment. (4) The horrible shape the illness takes. (5) Preservation and survival: \"Easier said than done, but you just have to get through it.\" Findings revealed that visual hallucinations shocked most caregivers, which was related to the appraisals attached to the phenomenon and cultural beliefs. All caregivers highlighted the importance of considering the broader context around the illness, which resulted in an inescapable subsuming awfulness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The identified themes illustrate how caregiving within the context of LBD was marked by continual loss and ongoing psychosocial difficulties, both of which required ongoing work to manage. Although formal and informal support was crucial to helping caregivers during their experiences, this was only sometimes available and resulted in a more arduous journey. Participants provided valuable insights that may be helpful for professional practice, especially in terms of illustrating how important it is for a program of psychoeducation to be offered alongside better access to support services more broadly. Further research is needed to understand the nuances around caregiving within this context from a cross-cultural perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":520551,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer disease and associated disorders","volume":"39 4","pages":"297-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Factors Mediating Physical Function and Participation in Function Focused Care Among Hospitalized Persons With Dementia.","authors":"Ashley Kuzmik, Barbara Resnick, Rachel McPherson, Elizabeth Galik, Marie Boltz","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000697","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Function Focused Care (FFC) encourages mobility during hospitalization, but participation varies. This study examined whether cognitive function, delirium severity, behavioral symptoms, and pain mediate the relationship between physical function and FFC participation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Discharge data from the FFC for the acute care trial (N=428) were analyzed. Physical function was the independent variable, FFC participation the outcome, and cognitive function, delirium severity, behavioral symptoms, and pain were tested as potential mediators. A multiple mediation model assessed indirect effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Indirect effects through cognitive function (B=0.125, 95% CI [0.064-0.184]) and delirium severity (B=0.110, 95% CI [0.052- 0.168]) were significant, accounting for 24.5% and 21.6% of the total effect, respectively. Indirect effects through behavioral symptoms and pain were not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings highlight cognitive function and delirium severity as key factors influencing FFC participation during hospitalization, underscoring the importance of tailoring strategies to enhance engagement in mobility-focused interventions among persons living with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":520551,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer disease and associated disorders","volume":" ","pages":"244-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145373593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation of the Modified Social Network Index for Assessing Social Health of People With Dementia in Indonesia.","authors":"Amelia Nur Vidyanti, Diah Ariesa, Abdul Gofir, Astuti Prodjohardjono, Muhammad Hardhantyo","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000699","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Social health has been increasingly recognized as an important determinant of dementia progression and quality of life. The Social Network Index (SNI), developed by Cohen, is widely used to assess social networks as a proxy for social health. This study aimed to adapt the SNI cross-culturally and validate its psychometric properties for use among Indonesians with dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Memory Clinic of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, involving 56 individuals with mild to moderate dementia. The original 12-item SNI was translated and culturally adapted according to WHO guidelines. Construct validity was examined using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Composite Reliability (CR) and Average Variance Extracted (AVE) were used to assess internal consistency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The finalized modified Indonesian version of the SNI (m-SNI-INA), consisting of 10 items (2 excluded due to low factor loadings), demonstrated strong construct validity with factor loadings >0.5 and good model fit (GFI=0.958, AGFI=0.934, CFI=1.000, RMSEA=0.000). Reliability was high (CR=0.91; AVE=0.53).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The m-SNI-INA is a valid, reliable, and culturally adapted tool for assessing social networks in people with dementia in Indonesia. Further studies should examine its predictive validity in larger populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":520551,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer disease and associated disorders","volume":" ","pages":"283-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145453906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Polygenic Risk Scores for a Possible Genetic Basis of the Inverse Association Between Cancer and Cognitive Decline.","authors":"Rebecca E Graff, Dorothy M Chen, Kaitlin N Swinnerton, Sarah F Ackley, Monica Ospina-Romero, Scott C Zimmerman, Jingxuan Wang, Peter Buto, Jovia L Nierenberg, Fanny M Elahi, Kun Ping Lu, John S Witte, M Maria Glymour","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000696","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accumulating evidence suggests that the incidence of cancer and dementia are inversely associated. Bias does not appear to fully account for the relationship, but causal explanations have not been adequately investigated. We thus considered a possible inverse shared genetic basis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We constructed polygenic risk scores for cancer (PRS cancer ) and Alzheimer disease (PRS AD ) in European ancestry UK Biobank (UKB) and Health and Retirement Study (HRS) participants aged 60 years or older. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated associations of PRS cancer with cognition, and logistic regression evaluated associations of PRS AD with cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In UKB, PRS cancer was nominally associated with improved fluid intelligence ( β : 0.12, 95% CI: 0.01-0.22). Twelve variants in PRS cancer , including 7 in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex, were positively associated with fluid intelligence, and 7 were inversely associated ( P <5.8×10 -5 ). PRS cancer and its contributing variants were not associated with cognitive outcomes in HRS. PRS AD was not associated with cancer risk in either study cohort.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Though not conclusive, the direction of the association between PRS cancer and fluid intelligence was consistent with our a priori hypothesis that cancer risk variants would decrease cognitive decline. The association pattern with HLA-related variants suggests potential relevance of immune surveillance for the inverse association between dementia and cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":520551,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer disease and associated disorders","volume":" ","pages":"235-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12637131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}