Forestry research最新文献

{"title":"Tracing the Holocene hybrid origin of cultivated walnut in southwestern China.","authors":"Jie Liu, Hai-Ling Qi, Peng-Zhen Fan, Chu-Mei Liu, Zeng-Yuan Wu, Ya-Huang Luo, Richard I Milne, Raees Khan, Lian-Ming Gao, Yue-Hua Wang, Moses C Wambulwa, Robabeh Shahi Shavvon, De-Zhu Li","doi":"10.48130/forres-0026-0018","DOIUrl":"10.48130/forres-0026-0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic exchanges underpin population adaptation and species evolution. However, knowledge of the genetic impacts of historical, anthropogenic crop-to-wild gene flow remains limited. In southwestern China, the long cultivation and parapatric distribution of <i>Juglans regia</i> and <i>J. sigillata</i> provide an ideal system to investigate this process, yet the evolutionary origin of the cultivated walnut in this region remains a mystery. Using 31 microsatellite loci to genotype 2,866 individuals, along with 716 chloroplast genomes, we evaluated genetic diversity, population structure, and maternal lineage patterns across the region. Population demographic histories were subsequently inferred using approximate Bayesian computation. Our analysis revealed that <i>J. sigillata</i> has higher genetic diversity than <i>J. regia</i>, attributed to its long-term persistence in heterogeneous environments. We observed extensive hybridization between the two species around the Sichuan Basin, forming two geographically distinct subgroups: Hybrid1 in the northwest and Hybrid2 in the south. Both subgroups exhibit variable parental contributions, but with the chloroplast genome entirely introgressed from <i>J. regia</i>. Furthermore, the Sichuan Basin and Yangtze River acted as major geographic barriers to north-south gene flow. Our divergence time estimates showed that the two species diverged during the Pleistocene, followed by an admixture event between <i>J. regia</i> and <i>J. sigillata</i>, forming Hybrid2 during the early Holocene. Subsequent admixture between Hybrid2 and <i>J. regia</i> produced Hybrid1 during the middle Holocene. We propose that cultivated walnuts in southwestern China originated through introgression between <i>J. regia</i> and wild <i>J. sigillata</i> during the Holocene, prior to the introduction of agriculture to the region, a process likely facilitated by historical southward human migrations. This research elucidates how long-term human influence has subtly reshaped the genetic landscape of walnuts in southwestern China through gene flow, providing valuable insights for the study and management of other tree crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":520285,"journal":{"name":"Forestry research","volume":"6 ","pages":"e018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13253123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal genomic patterns of <i>Quercus gilva</i>: decoupling historical isolation from contemporary environmental adaptation.","authors":"Shan-Shan Wang, Tian-Rui Wang, Ling-Ling Wang, Pei-Han Huang, Si-Di Liang, Si-Si Zheng, Liang-Hai Yang, Yu Li, Hong-Hu Meng, Xin Zhong, Xiao-Chen Li, Bin-Jie Ge, Zi-Jia Lu, Yi-Xin Kang, Quan Yuan, Dong-Mei Jin, Xin Ning, Gregor Kozlowski, Young-Jong Jang, Jin Xu, Jung-Hyun Lee, Yi-Gang Song","doi":"10.48130/forres-0026-0016","DOIUrl":"10.48130/forres-0026-0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The interplay between historical biogeography and environmental selection shapes the genetic architecture of species; however, their relative contributions in widespread and ecologically important tree species remain poorly understood. In the Sino-Japanese Floristic Region, the East China Sea has alternately acted as a barrier and a corridor during glacial-interglacial cycles, influencing species isolation and contact. However, the extent to which these historical dynamics, along with environmental gradients, have driven adaptive evolution in dominant forest trees remains unresolved. In the present study, we integrated phylogeographic reconstruction and landscape genomics based on whole-genome resequencing data from 171 individuals across 35 populations to investigate the evolutionary history and adaptive mechanisms of <i>Quercus gilva</i>, a keystone evergreen oak, in East Asian subtropical forests. Population genomic analyses revealed two deeply divergent genetic groups: the China group and the Japan-Korea group, and demographic modeling indicated that their divergence dates back to the Miocene epoch. The relatively high genomic diversity of <i>Q. gilva</i> may result from the absence of severe genetic bottlenecks throughout its evolutionary history, multiple microrefugia during the glacial periods, and postglacial secondary contact. Notably, Quaternary glacial cycles repeatedly facilitated gene flow and admixture between these groups via exposed land bridges. Landscape genomic analyses further demonstrated that adaptive divergence in <i>Q. gilva</i> is shaped by both geographic isolation and environmental gradients, with annual precipitation emerging as the primary climatic driver. This study provides a genome-wide perspective on how historical biogeography and environmental selection interact to shape the genetic architecture of a dominant subtropical evergreen forest species, offering novel insights into the evolutionary dynamics and adaptive evolution across East Asian biodiversity hotspots.</p>","PeriodicalId":520285,"journal":{"name":"Forestry research","volume":"6 ","pages":"e016"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13195491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Fraxinus mandshurica SPL2</i> enhances tolerance to drought stress by activating the phenylpropanoid pathway.","authors":"Shuai Yang, Liang Gao, Shikang Zhao, Jialin Yan, Liming He, Biying He, Yaguang Zhan, Ying Xin, Fansuo Zeng","doi":"10.48130/forres-0026-0015","DOIUrl":"10.48130/forres-0026-0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought is a major abiotic stressor that severely threatens forest tree growth and survival worldwide. The SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like (SPL) family is a group of plant-specific transcription factors that play important roles in plant growth, development, and environmental adaptation. Our study showed that overexpression of <i>Fraxinus mandshurica</i> <i>SPL2</i> (<i>FmSPL2</i>) promotes lignin biosynthesis and enhances drought tolerance. Phenotypic analysis indicated that the stomatal aperture of <i>FmSPL2</i>-OE1 and <i>FmSPL2</i>-OE2 was reduced by 12.05% and 19.23%, respectively, compared to the wild type (WT). Additionally, the xylem width of the sixth internode in these lines increased by 26.07% and 25.93% relative to WT. Correspondingly, lignin content was elevated by 19.87% and 18.48% compared with WT, respectively. Under drought stress, the lignin content in <i>FmSPL2</i>-OE plants remained elevated compared to WT. Furthermore<i>,</i> the overexpression lines exhibited increased SOD and POD activities, accompanied by reduced levels of MDA, H₂O₂, and superoxide anion. Transcriptome analysis indicated significant upregulation of multiple genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in <i>FmSPL2</i>-OE plants, including <i>phenylalanine ammonia-lyase</i> (<i>PAL</i>), <i>cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase</i> (<i>CAD</i>), and <i>4-coumarate-CoA ligase</i> (<i>4CL</i>). Moreover, the yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that FmSPL2 directly binds to the promoter regions of phenylpropanoid-related genes like <i>PAL</i>, <i>CAD</i>, and <i>PRX</i>, thereby activating the expression of these genes and enhancing lignin biosynthesis. These results elucidate a novel function of <i>FmSPL2</i> in enhancing drought tolerance through the regulation of phenylpropanoid pathway-mediated lignin accumulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520285,"journal":{"name":"Forestry research","volume":"6 ","pages":"e015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13195492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival at the edge: genomic vulnerability and genetic purging of a limestone cliff-endemic sky island shrub under climate change.","authors":"Liao-Cheng Zhao, Wei-Long Gao, Nan Wang, Han-Ze Gu, Yuan-Mi Wu, Zi-Xiang Xu, Zhi-Hong Ma, Xian-Yun Mu","doi":"10.48130/forres-0026-0010","DOIUrl":"10.48130/forres-0026-0010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change poses a significant threat to biodiversity, highlighting the urgent need to understand species' adaptive potential. Using the sky island limestone-endemic shrub <i>Lonicera oblata</i> in North China as a model, we integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses to investigate its evolutionary trajectory. The assembled genome is 786.92 Mb in size, and it has the highest proportion of repetitive sequences (66.47%) in <i>Lonicera</i>. Multiple expanded gene families were enriched in pathways related to stress response, including oxidoreductase activity, cell wall synthesis, and energy metabolism. The bHLH gene family exhibits both a significant expansion in the comparative genomic analysis and a convergent transcriptional activation under calcium stress, correlating with the metabolic reprogramming of organic acid synthesis and ion homeostasis. We detected low genetic diversity (<i>π</i>: 2.24e-3 to 2.80e-3), high differentiation (average fixation index: 0.16), drastic historical decline, and strong genetic load among populations. Notably, the northeasternmost and most recently diverged population (Jiankou) exhibited extreme inbreeding but the lowest genetic load, suggesting that genetic purging enhances small population survival. The genotype-environment association analysis identified 1,286 core SNPs potentially correlated with local adaptation. Genomic offset projections predicted high maladaptation risk under future climates, especially in eastern and southern populations. This study provides essential insights into the mechanisms of local adaptation, genomic vulnerability, and climate resilience of threatened sky island species, and offers guidance for targeted conservation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520285,"journal":{"name":"Forestry research","volume":"6 ","pages":"e013"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13195435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromatin accessibility dynamics and a hierarchical transcriptional regulatory network for shoot apex cold stress in <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i>.","authors":"Peishan Li, Shasha Zhang, Xinrong Liu, Jiaojiao Li, Lu Li, Wei Wu, Deming Yang, Zhaohua Lu, Juncheng Lin, Liuyin Ma","doi":"10.48130/forres-0026-0011","DOIUrl":"10.48130/forres-0026-0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subtropical perennials lack formal winter dormancy mechanisms, rendering them more vulnerable to cold stress than temperate or boreal trees. While cold-response pathways are well characterized in model plants, the regulatory landscape in woody species remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that shoot apices of the fast-growing subtropical tree <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> respond to cold stress within 0.5 h through rapid chromatin accessibility remodeling and transcriptomic reprogramming. Time-series ATAC-seq and RNA-seq analyses revealed a hierarchical regulatory architecture over a 24 h period; this architecture is initiated by hormone- and circadian-related genes, followed by metabolic, cell-cycle, and physiological adjustments. Transcriptomic reprogramming was concentrated in cold- and red-light-responsive genes (e.g., <i>CBF1</i> and <i>CBF4</i>), which were induced as early as 0.5-2 h post-treatment. Functional validation confirmed that four rapid cold-responsive motifs, including a CBF-binding site, exhibited elevated luciferase activity at 4 °C. While over 50% of dynamic chromatin accessibility regions correlated with differential gene expression, chromatin opening did not always coincide with immediate transcriptional activation. Notably, canonical auxin signaling components exhibited sustained induction and synchronized chromatin-expression dynamics. <i>De novo</i> motif analysis indicated that constitutively expressed AGL42 and ERF transcription factors in shoot apices may directly activate <i>CBF4</i>, initiating a 'development-to-stress' switch via downstream chromatin remodeling. Direct activation of the <i>CBF4</i> promoter by two <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> AGL42 orthologs was confirmed, establishing a novel regulatory relationship in the cold response. These findings provide a high-resolution map of how chromatin accessibility integrates transcription factors into a hierarchical regulatory network to modulate cold adaptation in subtropical woody plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":520285,"journal":{"name":"Forestry research","volume":"6 ","pages":"e012"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13195434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the CASA model for estimating carbon sequestration in sea buckthorn plantations using multi-temporal remote sensing and field data.","authors":"Maoyuan Wang, Yanrui Guo, Shaodong Liu, Peng Zhang, Yan Gao, Shi Qi","doi":"10.48130/forres-0026-0013","DOIUrl":"10.48130/forres-0026-0013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sea buckthorn (<i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> L.)-based ecological engineering is critical for ecological restoration and carbon sequestration enhancement in China's Pisha sandstone region. However, accurate large-scale carbon sequestration quantification remains challenging: complex terrain, limited accessibility, and high spatial heterogeneity impede extensive field surveys. To address this, we developed an integrated framework combining multi-temporal remote sensing inversion and systematic field measurements. Using the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model, we estimated 2013-2023 vegetation net primary productivity (NPP) and derived net ecosystem productivity (NEP) as a proxy for carbon sequestration density. Remote sensing-derived estimates were validated against <i>in situ</i> measurements across plots of varying stand ages (5-10 years) and site types (shady/sunny slopes, gully bottoms). Results showed strong agreement between remote sensing and field-measured carbon storage (<i>R²</i> = 0.79, RMSE = 25.07 tCO₂ ha^-1), confirming the model's reliability for regional carbon sink quantification in these shrublands. Spatially, sea buckthorn stands had higher carbon sequestration density in the study area's eastern versus western portion, with gully-bottom sites showing significantly higher capacity than slope sites (<i>p</i> < 0.05). This study validates the CASA model's effectiveness for sea buckthorn carbon sink monitoring in the fragile Pisha sandstone region, providing a species-specific remote sensing-field integrated pathway for carbon quantification in arid/semi-arid sea buckthorn ecosystems to support China's 'Dual Carbon' strategic goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":520285,"journal":{"name":"Forestry research","volume":"6 ","pages":"e011"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13195490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precise identification of intersectional hybrids in <i>Morus</i> using genomic <i>in situ</i> hybridization (GISH).","authors":"Qiming Zhou, Jiacheng Li, Yahui Xuan, Jiali Qiu, Jianglian Yuan, Zhengang Li, Song Chen, Ningjia He","doi":"10.48130/forres-0026-0009","DOIUrl":"10.48130/forres-0026-0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mulberry (<i>Morus</i> spp.) includes ecologically important tree species that are highly valued for their exceptional economic and medicinal properties. Among its diverse species, <i>Morus wittiorum</i> and <i>Morus laevigata</i> are particularly valuable genetic resources because of their resistance to <i>Sclerotinia</i>, their relatively high content of specific flavonoids, and elongated fruit morphology. In this study, hybridization experiments were conducted using 10 mulberry accessions spanning three taxonomic sections (<i>Alba</i>, <i>Wittiorum</i>, and <i>Laevigata</i>). All six attempted intersectional crosses successfully yielded hybrid progeny. Using genomic <i>in situ</i> hybridization with blocking DNA, we detected distinct chromosomal signal patterns among the three sections, enabling precise identification of hybrid and wild-type chromosomal constitutions. Notably, this study provides the first documented evidence of 2<i>n</i> gamete formation in the genus <i>Morus</i>, where 2<i>n</i> eggs from <i>M. wittiorum</i> 'W-4' produced a pentaploid hybrid, 'Mp-7'. This discovery not only rewrites the chromosomal inheritance patterns of <i>Morus</i> but also unveils untapped polyploid breeding potential. These findings provide an efficient approach for identifying hybrids and offer novel polyploid breeding strategies, thereby promising to reshape global mulberry breeding and creating new opportunities for the genetic improvement of this agronomically important species.</p>","PeriodicalId":520285,"journal":{"name":"Forestry research","volume":"6 ","pages":"e010"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13191441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of the <i>MLP</i> genes in <i>Paulownia fortunei</i> and functional characterization of <i>PfMLP25</i> in response to pathogen invasion.","authors":"Bingbing Li, Xiaoqiao Zhai, Haibo Yang, Aizhong Liu, Guoqiang Fan","doi":"10.48130/forres-0026-0008","DOIUrl":"10.48130/forres-0026-0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Major latex-like proteins (MLPs) play crucial regulatory roles in mediating plant responses to both abiotic and biotic stressors. Although MLPs have been identified in diverse plants, the genome-wide characteristics of MLP-encoding genes and their roles in pathogen defense in Paulownia (<i>Paulownia fortunei</i>) remain largely unexplored. <i>P. fortunei</i> is a fast-growing perennial tree widely cultivated across multiple regions of Asia due to its substantial economic and ecological value. Here, we identified 49 <i>PfMLP</i> genes from the <i>P. fortunei</i> genome and systematically characterized their sequence architectures and phylogenetic relationships. Transcriptome analyses revealed 16 <i>PfMLPs</i> that are responsive to Witches' Broom (PaWB) phytoplasma infection. Notably, we focused on the functional characterization of <i>PfMLP25,</i> whose expression was induced by PaWB infection. Heterogenous overexpression of <i>PfMLP25</i> in transgenic poplars enhanced pathogen resistance, confirming its critical role in anti-pathogen defense. Additionally, we demonstrated that the <i>PfMYB100</i> transcription factor regulates the transcription of <i>PfMLP25</i> and identified its interaction with two key immune system-essential proteins, PfCDPKa and PfRODa. Furthermore, we validated the interaction between PfMLP25 and the PfPUBa protein, indicating a potential role for PfMLP25 in the ubiquitination pathway during PaWB phytoplasma invasion. Taken together, our findings suggest that PfMLP25 functions by mediating immune system activation and participating in ubiquitination processes during PaWB phytoplasma invasion. This study presents new insights into the role of PfMLP25 and its underlying molecular mechanisms in plant pathogen defense.</p>","PeriodicalId":520285,"journal":{"name":"Forestry research","volume":"6 ","pages":"e009"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13191360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The <i>PagWUS-PagCLV3</i> module regulates shoot meristem maintenance and activity in poplar.","authors":"Wan Chen Dong, Fang Li Wang, Xiao Tong Li, Xiu Xia Wu, Li Fang Yu, Lin Lin Luan, Yan Wang, Xian Sheng Zhang, Zhi Juan Cheng, Ya Lin Sang","doi":"10.48130/forres-0026-0007","DOIUrl":"10.48130/forres-0026-0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The shoot apical meristem of vascular plants generates all the aboveground organs. During this process, the structure and function of the meristem are maintained by a group of regulatory genes, among which the <i>WUSCHEL</i> (<i>WUS</i>)-<i>CLAVATA3</i> (<i>CLV3</i>) module plays the core role. To date, all of the insights into shoot meristem homeostasis have been derived from studies on herbaceous plants. The mechanism by which the shoot meristem is maintained in trees remains unknown. In this study, we analyzed the functions of the poplar genes <i>PagWUS</i> and <i>PagCLV3</i>, homologs of <i>Arabidopsis</i> <i>WUS</i> and <i>CLV3</i>, respectively, in the maintenance and regeneration of the shoot meristem. Our results reveal both conserved and divergent functions compared to those of their orthologs in herbaceous species. Similar to their herbaceous counterparts, <i>PagWUS</i> and <i>PagCLV3</i> are specifically expressed in the organizing center and stem cells, respectively, and form a feedback loop that regulates shoot meristem maintenance. Overexpression of <i>PagWUS</i> promoted shoot regeneration. Compared with herbaceous species, poplar possesses a much larger stem cell niche. The function of the <i>PagWUS-PagCLV3</i> module is consistent with the developmental characteristics of perennial trees in that it regulates the cessation of the shoot meristem and mediates the proper pattern of secondary growth. Disruption of <i>PagCLV3</i> enhanced shoot regeneration capacity. Our results shed light on shoot meristem regulation in trees and pave the way for understanding the mechanisms of meristem activity and plant development.</p>","PeriodicalId":520285,"journal":{"name":"Forestry research","volume":"6 ","pages":"e007"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13191361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intercalary meristems revisited: from anatomical regions to cell-resolved fate systems.","authors":"Shihui Niu","doi":"10.48130/forres-0026-0012","DOIUrl":"10.48130/forres-0026-0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520285,"journal":{"name":"Forestry research","volume":"6 ","pages":"e008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13195433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}