Frontiers in dementia最新文献

{"title":"Telehealth memory clinics in primary healthcare: real-world experiences from low-resource settings in Greece.","authors":"Eleutheria Aggeletaki, Vasileios Stamos, Eleni Konidari, Apostolos Efkarpidis, Anna Petrou, Kalliopi Savvopoulou, Evangelia Kontogianni, Konstantinos Tsimpanis, Theofanis Vorvolakos, Antonios Politis, Panagiotis Alexopoulos","doi":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1477242","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1477242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of primary healthcare is pivotal in the management of the surge of dementia prevalence particularly in low-resource areas. In this study, two telehealth-based memory clinics in primary healthcare operating within the frames of the INTegRated InterveNtion of pSychogerIatric Care (INTRINSIC) are presented.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The first clinic, which is led by a general practitioner, operates at a primary healthcare center in a semi-mountainous area and closely collaborates with the geriatric psychiatry outpatient clinic of the Patras University General Hospital via a telehealth medicine platform. The second clinic is embedded at the General Hospital Center for Interconnected Psychiatric Support on the island of Syros, is led by registered nurses, and is interconnected with the geriatric psychiatry unit at the Eginition University Hospital in Athens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both memory clinics are in their infancy. At the general practitioner-led memory clinic, 13 beneficiaries were assessed and treated during the first 6 months of its operation. Cognitive decline and depressive and/or anxiety symptoms were detected in 10 and eight individuals, respectively. In 9 of the 27 beneficiaries of the registered nurse-led memory clinic, either mild cognitive impairment or dementia was diagnosed, while affective and/or anxiety symptoms were detected in almost all of them. Of note, only 14 beneficiaries of both clinics had received a diagnosis of a mental or neurocognitive disorder prior to their assessment at the memory clinics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Developing memory clinics in primary healthcare may be a pragmatic strategy to improve access of older adults living in low-resource areas to cognitive healthcare services.</p>","PeriodicalId":520000,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dementia","volume":"3 ","pages":"1477242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of hypertension and its impact on cognitive functions in older adults: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Nivedita Parandiyal, Porimita Chutia, Shashank Saurabh Sinha, Pratyaksha Pandit, Naif Ali Majrashi, Naseem Qureshi, Shailendra Mohan Tripathi","doi":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1486147","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1486147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a potentially modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline. Understanding the variables of hypertension related to cognitive functions will help in mitigating the risk.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aims to assess the characteristics of hypertension and its effect on cognitive functions in the older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 95 hypertensive participants aged 60 years and above from cardiology and medicine outpatient services of a tertiary care hospital from August to October 2022. The characteristics of hypertension and cognitive functions were assessed using semi-structured proforma and Adenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE-III) Hindi version respectively. Further, individual cognitive functions were compared with duration of the hypertension and hypertensive status of the participants. The chi-square test and independent <i>t</i>-tests were used and <i>p</i> value < 0.05 was considered to be significant.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The mean age of the study population was 68.2 years, the cognitive functions was comparable in terms of age, sex, locality, co-morbidity, and treatment characteristic. Although a significant difference in cognitive functions was present in relation to duration and status of hypertension. Among the individual cognitive domains, a significant difference was observed in attention and fluency domains of cognitive function based on HTN status (<i>p</i> > 0.05) but differential effect on cognitive domains was not seen with the duration of HTN. However, there was overall decline in cognitive domains with both hypertension status and the duration of hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights association of status of hypertension and its characteristics with cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":520000,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dementia","volume":"3 ","pages":"1486147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11628303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concerns about falling in people with Mild Cognitive Impairment and dementia: a scoping review of exercise interventions.","authors":"Erica Dove, Patricia Hewston, Rosalie H Wang, Kara K Patterson, Arlene J Astell","doi":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1456125","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1456125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Concerns about falling (e.g., low balance confidence) increase fall risk in older populations with balance impairments. Exercise can improve physical limitations associated with falls (e.g., poor balance), which are more prevalent in people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia. This scoping review aimed to understand exercise interventions targeting concerns about falling in people with MCI and dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage scoping review framework, 968 search combinations were run across six electronic databases from inception to September 15, 2023. Articles were available in English full text, featured original peer-reviewed research with an intervention study design, targeted people with MCI or dementia with the exercise intervention, and included concerns about falling as an outcome measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2,111 articles screened, 27 met the inclusion criteria. Only one article looked at concerns about falling as a primary outcome; in the remaining studies, concerns about falling were a secondary outcome. Multi-modal interventions (i.e., containing more than one type of exercise) were most common, with balance and strength as the most frequently employed exercise types. Secondary results are presented on (i) intervention details, (ii) outcomes and measures for concerns about falling, (iii) participant accommodations, and (iv) components of effective interventions for concerns about falling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a lack of focus on concerns about falling experienced by people with MCI and dementia. Although concerns about falling were not the primary outcome of most papers, the results highlight the potential of exercise interventions to help address concerns about falling and other fall risk factors (e.g., balance, cognition) in people with MCI and dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":520000,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dementia","volume":"3 ","pages":"1456125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11615571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142781841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental audit scoring evaluation: evolution of an evidence-based environmental assessment tool to support person-centered care.","authors":"Robert A Wrublowsky, Migette L Kaup, Margaret P Calkins","doi":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1470036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frdem.2024.1470036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-term care settings are at the center of strongly debated approaches to policies that shape the delivery of care and operational practices. There is advocacy for transformational change within these settings to support a person-centered approach to care delivery, but it is difficult and multifaceted involving everything from changing the level of staffing and care models to developing appropriate metrics to assess an individual's quality of life. The physical environment is a key component for accomplishing the organizational and operational goals related to person-centered care, but providers and their design teams need the appropriate tools to guide evidence-based decision-making. The Environmental Audit Scoring Evaluation (EASE) is a tool that helps lend structure to the process of developing the environment for our senior population-especially those living with dementia. This perspective article will discuss how EASE aims to align the design process to more fully support the myriad environmental elements that have a demonstrable impact on the individual, and the associated quality of life they experience. The article will also explore how EASE differs from previous planning strategies that did not prioritize residents' psychological wellbeing in conforming to current person-centered philosophies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520000,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dementia","volume":"3 ","pages":"1470036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11609923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142776286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The African American Dementia and Aging Project: an Oregon-based longitudinal study.","authors":"Allison Lindauer, Raina Croff, Kevin Duff, Nora Mattek, Patrice Fuller, Aimee Pierce, Kalisha Bonds Johnson, Jeffrey Kaye","doi":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1498835","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1498835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The vast majority of studies on aging, cognition, and dementia focus on non-Hispanic white subjects. This paper adds to the extant literature by providing insight into the African American aging experience. Here we describe the study design and baseline characteristics of the African American Dementia and Aging Project (AADAPt) study, which is exploring aging and cognition in African American older adults in Oregon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>African American older adults (<i>n</i> = 177) participated in AADAPt, a longitudinal study that collected data on cognitive, physical, and social functioning in annual visits since 2000.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AADAPt participants had risk factors for developing dementia in future, such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia, but also reported protective factors such as high social engagement.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The AADAPt project offers new insights into aging in older African Americans that includes data on cognition, social engagement, and physical health, which are crucial for understanding the experience of under-represented groups and making future studies more inclusive.</p>","PeriodicalId":520000,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dementia","volume":"3 ","pages":"1498835"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142776289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The staff perspectives of facilitators and barriers to implementing virtual reality for people living with dementia in long-term care.","authors":"Joey Wong, Karen Lok Yi Wong, Winnie Kan, Catherine Wu, Mona Upreti, Mary Van, Alisha Temirova, Hadil Alfares, Kayla Wen, Vaishali Sharma, Christine Wallsworth, Jim Mann, Lily Wong, Lillian Hung","doi":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1462946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frdem.2024.1462946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>One emerging technology in long-term care (LTC) is virtual reality (VR), an innovative tool that uses head-mounted devices to provide the viewer with an immersive experience. It has been shown that VR has a positive impact on the well-being of residents living with dementia, and staff are essential in the implementation and sustainable use of technology. Currently, there is a lack of inclusion and focus on direct staff perspectives on VR implementation in LTC. This paper aims to report staff perspectives on VR adoption in a 2-year study on a virtual reality program at three Canadian LTC homes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our interdisciplinary team (clinicians, people living with dementia and family partners, trainees, and researchers) explored the facilitators and barriers to implementing VR in LTC, guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and intersectionality supplemented CFIR. Twenty-one participants were recruited, including recreation staff, care aides, nurses, screeners, and leadership team members. The team collected data through staff interviews, focus groups, and ethnographic observation field notes. Reflexive thematic analysis was performed to identify themes reporting the facilitators and barriers for VR implementation in LTC from staff perspectives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data analysis resulted in three facilitators and four barriers. Facilitators are (1) perceived VR benefits, (2) integrate VR into workflow and routines, and (3) partner with skillful VR champions. Barriers include (1) staff concerns about VR use, (2) financial burden and competing priorities, (3) lack of infrastructure and physical spaces, and (4) staff workload and limited leadership support.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study contributes to the field with staff perspectives on facilitators and barriers to VR implementation. It underscores the rarely discussed aspects of VR implementation, such as funding prioritization and implementation timing. We offer practical strategies to inform future practices and research. Future studies should further explore long-term VR implementation, the involvement of family members as VR facilitators, and the use of VR in LTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":520000,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dementia","volume":"3 ","pages":"1462946"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142776290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review of magnetic resonance angiography and perfusion image synthesis.","authors":"Rémi Lamontagne-Caron, Simon Duchesne","doi":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1408782","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1408782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Deregulation of the cerebrovascular system has been linked to neurodegeneration, part of a putative causal pathway into etiologies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). In medical imaging, time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) and perfusion MRI are the most common modalities used to study this system. However, due to lack of resources, many large-scale studies of AD are not acquiring these images; this creates a conundrum, as the lack of evidence limits our knowledge of the interaction between the cerebrovascular system and AD. Deep learning approaches have been used in recent developments to generate synthetic medical images from existing contrasts. In this review, we study the use of artificial intelligence in the generation of synthetic TOF-MRA and perfusion-related images from existing neuroanatomical and neurovascular acquisitions for the study of the cerebrovascular system.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Following the PRISMA reporting guidelines we conducted a scoping review of 729 studies relating to image synthesis of TOF-MRA or perfusion imaging, from which 13 met our criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Studies showed that T1-w, T2-w, and FLAIR can be used to synthesize perfusion map and TOF-MRA. Other studies demonstrated that synthetic images could have a greater signal-to-noise ratio compared to real images and that some models trained on healthy subjects could generalize their outputs to an unseen population, such as stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that generating TOF-MRA and perfusion MRI images holds significant potential for enhancing neurovascular studies, particularly in cases where direct acquisition is not feasible. This approach could provide valuable insights for retrospective studies of several cerebrovascular related diseases such as stroke and AD. While promising, further research is needed to assess their sensitivity and specificity, and ensure their applicability across diverse populations. The use of models to generate TOF-MRA and perfusion MRI using commonly acquired data could be the key for the retrospective study of the cerebrovascular system and elucidate its role in the development of dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":520000,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dementia","volume":"3 ","pages":"1408782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11586219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Crosslinking neuropsychiatric symptoms across the continuum of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.","authors":"Foteini Christidi, Christos Bakirtzis, Gita A Pathak, Carolyn Fredericks, Catherine Munro","doi":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1498924","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1498924","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520000,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dementia","volume":"3 ","pages":"1498924"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11576301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outdoor stays-A basic human need except for older adults in residential care facilities? Researcher-practitioner interaction crosses zones and shows the way out.","authors":"Susanna Nordin, Madeleine Liljegren, Martin Nilsson, Anna Bengtsson, Helle Wijk","doi":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1470691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frdem.2024.1470691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this discussion paper is to show the way to the outdoors by shedding light on conditions in the physical environment enabling outdoor stays for older adults living in residential care facilities (RCFs). The origin was that outdoor stays is a basic human need and applies to everyone. However, despite extensive research on the health-promoting values of contact with the outdoors, it seems that for older adults in RCFs this is not met because they often have difficulty getting outdoors on their own. Therefore, the access to and the conditions of outdoor environments are discussed and exemplified through two cases based on evidence-based approaches, namely the principal model of four zones of contact with the outdoors, and the Swedish version of the Sheffield Care Environment Assessment Matrix (S-SCEAM). An interdisciplinary team, including both researchers and practitioners highlights future directions by showing the way to the outdoors on a national level with six suggested points. As a reader, you will gain increased knowledge about environmental qualities that support outdoor stays as well as initiatives that are needed to achieve equal conditions related to outdoor stays in RCFs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520000,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dementia","volume":"3 ","pages":"1470691"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11555647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative proteomic analysis using a mouse model of Lewy body dementia induced by α-synuclein preformed fibrils injection.","authors":"Fatih Akkentli, In Kyu Jang, Yoonseop Choi, Young Min, Jinhee Park, Heejin Jo, Leoni Kim, Aashi Mendpara, Bikram Bains, Dongyoon Yoo, Jinchong Xu, Chan Hyun Na, Sung-Ung Kang","doi":"10.3389/frdem.2024.1477986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frdem.2024.1477986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aggregation of α-synuclein in the nervous system leads to a class of neurodegenerative disorders termed α-synucleinopathies. A form of primary degenerative dementia called Lewy body dementia (LBD) often develops when these aggregations develop into intracellular inclusions called Lewy bodies (LB) and Lewy neurites (LN). Although high frequency of LBD are the leading cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD), limited information has been discovered about its pathological pathway or diagnostic criteria. In this report, we attempt to address such shortcomings via utilizing a proteomic approach to identify the proteome changes following intrastriatal injection of α-synuclein pre-formed fibril (α-syn PFF). Using mass spectrometry, we have identified a total of 179 proteins that were either up- or down-regulated at different time points, with the four proteins-TPP3, RAB10, CAMK2A, and DYNLL1, displaying the most significant changes throughout the timeframe. Through further examining the modulated proteins with network-based enrichment analyses, we have found that (1) the most significantly associated neurodegenerative pathways were Parkinson's (<i>p</i>V = 3.0e-16) and Huntington's (<i>p</i>V = 1.9e-15) disease, and (2) the majority of molecular functions specific to the pathology only appeared at later time points. While these results do not expose a conclusive biomarker for LBD, they suggest a framework that is potentially applicable to diagnose and differentiate LBD pathology from other forms of dementia by focusing on the cortical proteome changes which occur in a later time span.</p>","PeriodicalId":520000,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dementia","volume":"3 ","pages":"1477986"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11552175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}