Advances in microbial physiology最新文献

Role of sulfidogenic members of the gut microbiota in human disease. 肠道微生物群中的硫化物生成成员在人类疾病中的作用。

Advances in microbial physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.003

Andreia I Pimenta, Raquel M Bernardino, Inês A C Pereira

{"title":"Role of sulfidogenic members of the gut microbiota in human disease.","authors":"Andreia I Pimenta, Raquel M Bernardino, Inês A C Pereira","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"The human gut flora comprises a dynamic network of bacterial species that coexist in a finely tuned equilibrium. The interaction with intestinal bacteria profoundly influences the host's development, metabolism, immunity, and overall health. Furthermore, dysbiosis, a disruption of the gut microbiota, can induce a variety of diseases, not exclusively associated with the intestinal tract. The increased consumption of animal protein, high-fat and high-sugar diets in Western countries has been implicated in the rise of chronic and inflammatory illnesses associated with dysbiosis. In particular, this diet leads to the overgrowth of sulfide-producing bacteria, known as sulfidogenic bacteria, which has been linked to inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer, among other disorders. Sulfidogenic bacteria include sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovibrio spp.) and Bilophila wadsworthia among others, which convert organic and inorganic sulfur compounds to sulfide through the dissimilatory sulfite reduction pathway. At high concentrations, sulfide is cytotoxic and disrupts the integrity of the intestinal epithelium and mucus barrier, triggering inflammation. Besides producing sulfide, B. wadsworthia has revealed significant pathogenic potential, demonstrated in the ability to cause infection, adhere to intestinal cells, promote inflammation, and compromise the integrity of the colonic mucus layer. This review delves into the mechanisms by which taurine and sulfide-driven gut dysbiosis contribute to the pathogenesis of sulfidogenic bacteria, and discusses the role of these gut microbes, particularly B. wadsworthia, in human diseases.","PeriodicalId":519928,"journal":{"name":"Advances in microbial physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The globins of cyanobacteria and green algae: An update. 蓝藻和绿藻的球蛋白：最新进展。

Advances in microbial physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.004

Juliette T J Lecomte, Eric A Johnson

引用次数: 0

Preface. 序言

Advances in microbial physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2911(24)00029-8

Robert K Poole, David J Kelly

引用次数: 0

Staphylococcus aureus response and adaptation to vancomycin. 金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素的反应和适应。

Advances in microbial physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.006

Anaëlle Fait, Stephanie Fulaz Silva, Jack Åke Harry Abrahamsson, Hanne Ingmer

{"title":"Staphylococcus aureus response and adaptation to vancomycin.","authors":"Anaëlle Fait, Stephanie Fulaz Silva, Jack Åke Harry Abrahamsson, Hanne Ingmer","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance is an increasing challenge for the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) clones have spread globally, and a growing number display decreased susceptibility to vancomycin, the favoured antibiotic for treatment of MRSA infections. These vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) or heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) strains arise from accumulation of a variety of point mutations, leading to cell wall thickening and reduced vancomycin binding to the cell wall building block, Lipid II, at the septum. They display only minor changes in vancomycin susceptibility, with varying tolerance between cells in a population, and therefore, they can be difficult to detect. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of VISA and hVISA. We discuss the role of genetic strain background or epistasis for VISA development and the possibility of strains being 'transient' VISA with gene expression changes mediated by, for example, VraTSR, GraXSR, or WalRK signal transduction systems, leading to temporary vancomycin tolerance. Additionally, we address collateral susceptibility to other antibiotics than vancomycin. Specifically, we estimate how mutations in rpoB, encoding the β-subunit of the RNA polymerase, affect overall protein structure and compare changes with rifampicin resistance. Ultimately, such in-depth analysis of VISA and hVISA strains in terms of genetic and transcriptional changes, as well as changes in protein structures, may pave the way for improved detection and guide antibiotic therapy by revealing strains at risk of VISA development. Such tools will be valuable for keeping vancomycin an asset also in the future.","PeriodicalId":519928,"journal":{"name":"Advances in microbial physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protists: Eukaryotic single-celled organisms and the functioning of their organelles. 原生生物真核单细胞生物及其细胞器的功能。

Advances in microbial physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.02.001

Nigel Yarlett, Edward L Jarroll, Mary Morada, David Lloyd

{"title":"Protists: Eukaryotic single-celled organisms and the functioning of their organelles.","authors":"Nigel Yarlett, Edward L Jarroll, Mary Morada, David Lloyd","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Organelles are membrane bound structures that compartmentalize biochemical and molecular functions. With improved molecular, biochemical and microscopy tools the diversity and function of protistan organelles has increased in recent years, providing a complex panoply of structure/function relationships. This is particularly noticeable with the description of hydrogenosomes, and the diverse array of structures that followed, having hybrid hydrogenosome/mitochondria attributes. These diverse organelles have lost the major, at one time, definitive components of the mitochondrion (tricarboxylic cycle enzymes and cytochromes), however they all contain the machinery for the assembly of Fe-S clusters, which is the single unifying feature they share. The plasticity of organelles, like the mitochondrion, is therefore evident from its ability to lose its identity as an aerobic energy generating powerhouse while retaining key ancestral functions common to both aerobes and anaerobes. It is interesting to note that the apicoplast, a non-photosynthetic plastid that is present in all apicomplexan protozoa, apart from Cryptosporidium and possibly the gregarines, is also the site of Fe-S cluster assembly proteins. It turns out that in Cryptosporidium proteins involved in Fe-S cluster biosynthesis are localized in the mitochondrial remnant organelle termed the mitosome. Hence, different organisms have solved the same problem of packaging a life-requiring set of reactions in different ways, using different ancestral organelles, discarding what is not needed and keeping what is essential. Don't judge an organelle by its cover, more by the things it does, and always be prepared for surprises.","PeriodicalId":519928,"journal":{"name":"Advances in microbial physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141185095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antimicrobials: An update on new strategies to diversify treatment for bacterial infections. 抗菌药：细菌感染多样化治疗新策略的最新进展。

Advances in microbial physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.12.002

Tegan Hibbert, Zeljka Krpetic, Joe Latimer, Hollie Leighton, Rebecca McHugh, Sian Pottenger, Charlotte Wragg, Chloë E James

{"title":"Antimicrobials: An update on new strategies to diversify treatment for bacterial infections.","authors":"Tegan Hibbert, Zeljka Krpetic, Joe Latimer, Hollie Leighton, Rebecca McHugh, Sian Pottenger, Charlotte Wragg, Chloë E James","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"Ninety-five years after Fleming's discovery of penicillin, a bounty of antibiotic compounds have been discovered, modified, or synthesised. Diversification of target sites, improved stability and altered activity spectra have enabled continued antibiotic efficacy, but overwhelming reliance and misuse has fuelled the global spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). An estimated 1.27 million deaths were attributable to antibiotic resistant bacteria in 2019, representing a major threat to modern medicine. Although antibiotics remain at the heart of strategies for treatment and control of bacterial diseases, the threat of AMR has reached catastrophic proportions urgently calling for fresh innovation. The last decade has been peppered with ground-breaking developments in genome sequencing, high throughput screening technologies and machine learning. These advances have opened new doors for bioprospecting for novel antimicrobials. They have also enabled more thorough exploration of complex and polymicrobial infections and interactions with the healthy microbiome. Using models of infection that more closely resemble the infection state in vivo, we are now beginning to measure the impacts of antimicrobial therapy on host/microbiota/pathogen interactions. However new approaches are needed for developing and standardising appropriate methods to measure efficacy of novel antimicrobial combinations in these contexts. A battery of promising new antimicrobials is now in various stages of development including co-administered inhibitors, phages, nanoparticles, immunotherapy, anti-biofilm and anti-virulence agents. These novel therapeutics need multidisciplinary collaboration and new ways of thinking to bring them into large scale clinical use.","PeriodicalId":519928,"journal":{"name":"Advances in microbial physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141185106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The formate-hydrogen axis and its impact on the physiology of enterobacterial fermentation. 格式-氢轴及其对肠杆菌发酵生理的影响。

Advances in microbial physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.02.002

Michelle Kammel, Christopher Erdmann, R Gary Sawers

{"title":"The formate-hydrogen axis and its impact on the physiology of enterobacterial fermentation.","authors":"Michelle Kammel, Christopher Erdmann, R Gary Sawers","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"Formic acid (HCOOH) and dihydrogen (H2) are characteristic products of enterobacterial mixed-acid fermentation, with H2 generation increasing in conjunction with a decrease in extracellular pH. Formate and acetyl-CoA are generated by radical-based and coenzyme A-dependent cleavage of pyruvate catalysed by pyruvate formate-lyase (PflB). Formate is also the source of H2, which is generated along with carbon dioxide through the action of the membrane-associated, cytoplasmically-oriented formate hydrogenlyase (FHL-1) complex. Synthesis of the FHL-1 complex is completely dependent on the cytoplasmic accumulation of formate. Consequently, formate determines its own disproportionation into H2 and CO2 by the FHL-1 complex. Cytoplasmic formate levels are controlled by FocA, a pentameric channel that translocates formic acid/formate bidirectionally between the cytoplasm and periplasm. Each protomer of FocA has a narrow hydrophobic pore through which neutral formic acid can pass. Two conserved amino acid residues, a histidine and a threonine, at the center of the pore control directionality of translocation. The histidine residue is essential for pH-dependent influx of formic acid. Studies with the formate analogue hypophosphite and amino acid variants of FocA suggest that the mechanisms of formic acid efflux and influx differ. Indeed, current data suggest, depending on extracellular formate levels, two separate uptake mechanisms exist, both likely contributing to maintain pH homeostasis. Bidirectional formate/formic acid translocation is dependent on PflB and influx requires an active FHL-1 complex. This review describes the coupling of formate and H2 production in enterobacteria.","PeriodicalId":519928,"journal":{"name":"Advances in microbial physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141185096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microbial metabolites as modulators of host physiology. 作为宿主生理调节剂的微生物代谢物。

Advances in microbial physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.12.001

Susan A Joyce, David J Clarke

{"title":"Microbial metabolites as modulators of host physiology.","authors":"Susan A Joyce, David J Clarke","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiota is increasingly recognised as a key player in influencing human health and changes in the gut microbiota have been strongly linked with many non-communicable conditions in humans such as type 2 diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease. However, characterising the molecular mechanisms that underpin these associations remains an important challenge for researchers. The gut microbiota is a complex microbial community that acts as a metabolic interface to transform ingested food (and other xenobiotics) into metabolites that are detected in the host faeces, urine and blood. Many of these metabolites are only produced by microbes and there is accumulating evidence to suggest that these microbe-specific metabolites do act as effectors to influence human physiology. For example, the gut microbiota can digest dietary complex polysaccharides (such as fibre) into short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as acetate, propionate and butyrate that have a pervasive role in host physiology from nutrition to immune function. In this review we will outline our current understanding of the role of some key microbial metabolites, such as SCFA, indole and bile acids, in human health. Whilst many studies linking microbial metabolites with human health are correlative we will try to highlight examples where genetic evidence is available to support a specific role for a microbial metabolite in host health and well-being.","PeriodicalId":519928,"journal":{"name":"Advances in microbial physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141185107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The past, present and future of polymicrobial infection research: Modelling, eavesdropping, terraforming and other stories. 多微生物感染研究的过去、现在和未来：建模、窃听、地球化和其他故事。

Advances in microbial physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.002

Éva Bernadett Bényei, Rahan Rudland Nazeer, Isabel Askenasy, Leonardo Mancini, Pok-Man Ho, Gordon A C Sivarajan, Jemima E V Swain, Martin Welch

{"title":"The past, present and future of polymicrobial infection research: Modelling, eavesdropping, terraforming and other stories.","authors":"Éva Bernadett Bényei, Rahan Rudland Nazeer, Isabel Askenasy, Leonardo Mancini, Pok-Man Ho, Gordon A C Sivarajan, Jemima E V Swain, Martin Welch","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last two centuries, great advances have been made in microbiology as a discipline. Much of this progress has come about as a consequence of studying the growth and physiology of individual microbial species in well-defined laboratory media; so-called \"axenic growth\". However, in the real world, microbes rarely live in such \"splendid isolation\" (to paraphrase Foster) and more often-than-not, share the niche with a plethora of co-habitants. The resulting interactions between species (and even between kingdoms) are only very poorly understood, both on a theoretical and experimental level. Nevertheless, the last few years have seen significant progress, and in this review, we assess the importance of polymicrobial infections, and show how improved experimental traction is advancing our understanding of these. A particular focus is on developments that are allowing us to capture the key features of polymicrobial infection scenarios, especially as those associated with the human airways (both healthy and diseased).","PeriodicalId":519928,"journal":{"name":"Advances in microbial physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New insights in bacterial organophosphorus cycling: From human pathogens to environmental bacteria. 细菌有机磷循环的新见解：从人类病原体到环境细菌

Advances in microbial physiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.12.003

Ian D E A Lidbury, Andrew Hitchcock, Sophie R M Groenhof, Alex N Connolly, Laila Moushtaq

{"title":"New insights in bacterial organophosphorus cycling: From human pathogens to environmental bacteria.","authors":"Ian D E A Lidbury, Andrew Hitchcock, Sophie R M Groenhof, Alex N Connolly, Laila Moushtaq","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"In terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, phosphorus (P) availability controls primary production, with consequences for climate regulation and global food security. Understanding the microbial controls on the global P cycle is a prerequisite for minimising our reliance on non-renewable phosphate rock reserves and reducing pollution associated with excessive P fertiliser use. This recognised importance has reinvigorated research into microbial P cycling, which was pioneered over 75 years ago through the study of human pathogenic bacteria-host interactions. Immobilised organic P represents a significant fraction of the total P pool. Hence, microbes have evolved a plethora of mechanisms to transform this fraction into labile inorganic phosphate, the building block for numerous biological molecules. The 'genomics era' has revealed an extraordinary diversity of organic P cycling genes exist in the environment and studies going 'back to the lab' are determining how this diversity relates to function. Through this integrated approach, many hitherto unknown genes and proteins that are involved in microbial P cycling have been discovered. Not only do these fundamental discoveries push the frontier of our knowledge, but several examples also provide exciting opportunities for biotechnology and present possible solutions for improving the sustainability of how we grow our food, both locally and globally. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of bacterial organic P cycling, covering studies on human pathogens and how this knowledge is informing new discoveries in environmental microbiology.","PeriodicalId":519928,"journal":{"name":"Advances in microbial physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141185108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0