BMC global and public health最新文献

{"title":"High acceptability of a national platform for public health genomic data sharing and surveillance in Australia: a mixed methods study.","authors":"Callum McEwan, Donya Eghrari, Angeline S Ferdinand","doi":"10.1186/s44263-026-00265-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-026-00265-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pathogen genomics has increasingly been integrated into infectious disease surveillance, outbreak detection, and response globally. However, formal evaluation of pathogen genomic surveillance systems has been a major gap. In Australia, the AusTrakka platform was established and deployed nationally to address barriers to genomic data sharing across jurisdictions, enhance interoperability and usability, and improve governance of public health genomic data. Here we present our evaluation of AusTrakka and examine how its utilisation and impact shifted throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilised the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Updated Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems to guide assessment of the AusTrakka platform. The evaluation used a mixed-methods approach consisting of a quantitative analysis of AusTrakka utilisation data throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and a qualitative component comprised key informant interviews and analysis of investigation reports produced by the AusTrakka National Analysis Team. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected concurrently between June 2020 and October 2022. Semi-structured individual and group interviews were held with key informants (n = 63) representing all jurisdictions across Australia and New Zealand. These included individuals representing public health laboratories and health departments, infectious disease physicians, genomic epidemiologists, and bioinformaticians.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AusTrakka users reported that the platform had a very high degree of usefulness as a centralised platform to enable sharing sequence data across jurisdictions, facilitate multijurisdictional outbreak investigations, and clarify transmission chains. Acceptability was a key system that contributed to the usefulness of the platform, enhanced through collective design of data governance frameworks. Integration of epidemiological data with the pathogen genomic data was an ongoing challenge in data completeness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Robust evaluation of pathogen genomics surveillance systems is critical to identify contextual and system elements that impact the capacity of these systems to accomplish their objectives. Our findings demonstrate the importance of strong stakeholder engagement in developing data governance mechanisms for pathogen genomics in ultimately ensuring the capacity of surveillance systems to detect outbreaks and support public health utility, and reinforce the value of a nationally developed, purpose-built approach in Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147701515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understandings of ultra-processed foods among adults with responsibility for household food activities in the United Kingdom: a qualitative study.","authors":"Michael Essman, Jennie C Parnham, Kiara Chang, Mike Etkind, Prisha Shah, Deb Smith, Milica Vasiljevic, Emma Boyland, Steven Cummins, Eszter P Vamos, Martin White, Jean Adams","doi":"10.1186/s44263-026-00263-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-026-00263-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is accumulating evidence that ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are associated with many non-communicable diseases. In the United Kingdom (UK), UPFs account for more than half of mean daily energy intake. There is limited evidence describing how individuals make sense of UPFs in their daily lives. In this study, we aim to explore public perceptions of UPFs and their relationship to health; how these are shaped by different information sources; whether perceptions influence purchasing and consumption; and proposed solutions for reducing UPF consumption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We undertook 30 qualitative, one-to-one interviews with people living in the UK, aged 18 years or older, with household responsibility for food activities recruited using social media advertisements. Interviews followed a semi-structured topic guide reflecting the aims. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Members of a Public Involvement and Engagement group helped interpret emergent findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Reflexive thematic analysis identified five interconnected themes: (1) understanding of UPFs, (2) influences on understanding, (3) decision-making around UPFs, (4) barriers and enablers to reducing UPF consumption, and (5) proposed solutions. Food processing often made more sense to participants as a continuum rather than ordinal categories. There was particular confusion regarding the boundary between processed and ultra-processed food. Participants described an overwhelming food-related information environment. Personal and anecdotal experience was particularly powerful. While industry-sponsored information was met with scepticism, the personal testimonies of social media influencers were seen as relatable or helpful. Participants' perceptions of UPFs sometimes influenced their purchasing and consumption. However, cost, convenience, taste, and family practices were often as or more important. Suggestions to help reduce UPF consumption ranged from education to fiscal policies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that the public may benefit from support in navigating a complex food information landscape, including clearer and more actionable communication about UPFs and related topics. Policy approaches that modify the food environment are also likely to be useful, particularly those that make less processed options more affordable, available, and convenient for people with limited time.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13085418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147694529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Venereology and the transformation of sexually transmitted infection services in Beirut, with lessons for the Eastern Mediterranean.","authors":"Moubadda Assi, Ismael Maatouk","doi":"10.1186/s44263-026-00267-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-026-00267-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13081622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147694591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing implementation of point-of-care tests for maternal and newborn screening and diagnosis in low-resource settings: a systematic review.","authors":"Natalie Grace Shaetonhodi, Lindsey de Vos, Peya Brock, Dvora Joseph Davey, Alex de Voux, Andrew Medina-Marino","doi":"10.1186/s44263-026-00261-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-026-00261-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the potential of point-of-care (POC) tests to improve maternal and newborn health, implementation in low- and middle-income countries remains inconsistent. POC testing enables rapid, decentralized screening, but barriers across health system, facility, and individual levels may undermine uptake. This review synthesizes evidence on factors influencing the adoption, implementation, and sustainability of POC tests within maternal-child health programmes in low-resourced settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was performed across major bibliographic databases and grey literature sources using Boolean combinations of terms related to POC testing, maternal and newborn health, implementation, and low-resourced settings. Studies were eligible if they reported on adoption, implementation, or sustainability of POC tests for maternal or infant screening or diagnosis in low-resourced contexts. Data were extracted using a structured form capturing study characteristics, test types, and implementation determinants. Thematic analysis combined deductive coding using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) domains with inductive identification of cross-cutting themes. Methodological quality was appraised using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty studies from 19 low-resourced settings were included, with most evaluating POC testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), syphilis, and early infant HIV diagnosis, highlighting limited implementation evidence for other essential maternal and newborn diagnostics. Key facilitators of implementation included rapid turnaround time, portability, ease of use, perceived clinical benefit, supportive policy environments, and compatibility with existing workflows. Task-shifting, bundled testing, and integration with routine maternal-child health services supported sustainability. However, common barriers included weak supply chains, vertical funding, limited political will, training gaps, workforce shortages, and fragmented programme delivery. Sociocultural barriers, such as stigma and limited decision-making power among pregnant women, also constrained uptake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Effective implementation of POC tests in low-resourced maternal-child health settings requires system-adapted and people-centred approaches. Strengthened domestic ownership, cross-sector coordination, and integrated service delivery, will be critical to ensure equitable access and achieve global targets, including elimination of vertical transmission of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B. Expanded implementation research across a broader range of essential POC diagnostics and diverse geographic and infrastructure contexts is needed.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD420251008480.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13069759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147655650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of an early childhood father engagement program in Rohingya camps and host community in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh: a cluster randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Yeshim Iqbal, Hirokazu Yoshikawa, Duja Michael, Sneha Bolisetty, Sakila Yesmin, Ashraf Uddin Mian, Maung Ting Nyeu, Sangyoo Lee, A Brooks Bowden, Kate Schwartz, Kuri Chisim, A R M Mehrab Ali, Sadia Sumaia Chowdhury, Anika Alam, Jere R Behrman","doi":"10.1186/s44263-026-00266-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-026-00266-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluates a 6-month early childhood father engagement intervention delivered in-person to fathers in the Rohingya camps and surrounding host communities in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. The intervention is an added component to an existing intervention that works with mothers of 0-3-year-old children to improve positive outcomes of child development and targets fathers with children below 3 years, with objectives to promote fathers' wellbeing by improving their emotional literacy, encouraging fathers to strengthen relationships with their spouses and children, and encouraging responsive and stimulating caregiving practices among fathers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a cluster-randomized controlled trial design (total N = 2002 fathers, 786 in the Rohingya camps and 1216 in the host communities) to assess the impact of the program on fathers' parenting and engagement with family (reported by both fathers and mothers), fathers' mental health, and child development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We find that the program has a positive impact on the fathers' parenting (father reported) and engagement with family (father and mother reported), as well as on father-reported child social-emotional development, compared to the mother-only program. While the program did not have a main effect on directly assessed child development outcomes, we do find that baseline mother-reported stimulation with child and mother health moderate the impact on father-reported child social-emotional development in the camp community (larger positive impacts for fathers from households with lower baseline mother-reported stimulating behaviors and health). We also find that child gender and mother-reported stimulating behaviors moderate impacts on multiple mother-reported child developmental outcomes in both host and camp communities (treatment effects on these outcomes were negative for boys and positive but weak for girls, and larger positive impacts on mother-reported motor development were found among mothers from households who reported lower stimulation at baseline). Additionally, child age moderates the impact on fathers' collaboration with the mother (reported by the mother), such that the treatment effect is larger for mothers of older children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate the potential of father-focused programs as powerful caregiver interventions.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Pre-registered with REES (13880.1v2); retrospectively registered at ISRCTN (ISRCTN13510859).</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147648131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing multimorbidity and the risk for hospitalization among people living with HIV from the African Cohort Study.","authors":"Remle Scott, Cara H Olsen, Trevor A Crowell, James D Mancuso, Hannah Kibuuka, Jonah Maswai, John Owuoth, Valentine Sing'oei, Emmanuel Bahemana, Zahra Parker, Julie A Ake, Neha Shah, Elizabeth H Lee","doi":"10.1186/s44263-026-00260-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-026-00260-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multimorbidity presents significant challenges for people living with HIV (PLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa given the dual burden of communicable and noncommunicable diseases. We aimed to characterize multimorbidity and examine its association with hospitalization among PLWH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The African Cohort Study (AFRICOS) prospectively enrolls participants aged ≥ 15 years with and without HIV at 12 sites in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and Nigeria. Our analyses were restricted to PLWH and ≥ 18 years of age at enrollment between February 2013 and May 2024. Multimorbidity, defined as the presence of two or more chronic conditions in addition to HIV, was ascertained through International Classification of Diseases version 10 codes on medical history documentation at study enrollment. Hospitalization was ascertained through case reporting forms. Hierarchical clustering was used to describe multimorbidity, and logistic regression reporting adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used to evaluate the association between multimorbidity and hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 3199 PLWH, 1863 (58.2%) were women, and the median age was 37.3 years (interquartile range: 29.2-45.5). Multimorbidity prevalence was 12.4%. Anemia (8.3%), head-related disorders (7.3%), and neuropathy (6.6%) were most common. Hierarchical clustering identified gastrointestinal (n = 80) and neuropathy (n = 212) first. The hospitalization rate was 4.32 hospitalizations per 100 person-years. Multimorbidity was associated with increased hospitalization (aOR = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.06, 1.96) after adjusting for age, sex, country, antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen, and viral suppression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multimorbidity was relatively uncommon at enrollment among PLWH in AFRICOS; however, distinct comorbidity patterns-such as gastrointestinal conditions and neuropathy-highlight the need for integrated, context-specific care. Multimorbidity was associated with a higher risk for hospitalization, while factors such as age, ART regimen, and viral suppression point to key intervention targets. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring multimorbidity over time and adapting HIV care models to address the emerging chronic disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13063703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147640836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerating tuberculosis diagnosis in Mozambican prisons using digital chest X-rays with computer-aided detection: a longitudinal, comprehensive health intervention.","authors":"Amadin A Olotu, Justy Antony Chiramal, Rachel A Boehm, Aswathy M Nair, Sanya Chawla, Mário A Vicente, Dulcidio A Matusse, Sérgio T Uate, Amândio S Munguambe, Edwin J Prophete, Victoria M Brown, Cremilde M Anli, Shibu Vijayan, Ivan R Calder, Anne C Spaulding","doi":"10.1186/s44263-026-00256-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-026-00256-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mozambique has a high burden of tuberculosis (TB) and in 2021, an estimated 18,000 persons with TB nationwide were not diagnosed. Estimates suggest that globally 47% of TB disease in prisons is undiagnosed. We implemented an integrated-care model health intervention to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of TB disease, provide TB preventive treatment (TPT), and identify and treat other undiagnosed health conditions in three prisons in Maputo, Mozambique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From July 11, 2023, through the second quarter of 2024, we systematically screened for TB using digital chest X-rays with computer-aided detection (DCXR-CAD). This was combined with symptom screening in a parallel algorithm. We conducted clinical assessments for other health conditions and delivered TPT. Graphs visually compare TB case notification trends with two control prisons, which continued the usual standard of care, symptom screening for TB. An interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was used to evaluate TB case notification counts before and after the intervention in the intervention prisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 7912 individuals screened, 264 new diagnoses of TB disease were notified, a TB screening yield of 3.34% and a number needed to screen of 30, and 1346 persons were initiated on TPT. Other conditions diagnosed and treated include HIV (28), malnutrition (830), and skin conditions (462). TB case notifications were higher in the intervention prisons during the intervention than in the preceding period in the same prisons. Comparing case notifications during the intervention with an equivalent period prior to the intervention showed an increase of about 52% in intervention prisons but a decrease in control prisons by the same magnitude. The ITS analysis found the effect of the intervention on TB case notification counts statistically significant in two of the intervention prisons: (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 3.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51-10.40; p = 0.005) and (IRR 6.17, 95% CI 2.17-17.55; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Strengthening local infrastructure and implementing DCXR-CAD for screening likely contributed to a higher TB yield in the intervention prisons. Screening and diagnosing TB, delivering TB disease treatment and prevention, and addressing other health conditions simultaneously in this vulnerable population were feasible and important.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13049876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family first: integrating principles of family-centered care to improve the tuberculosis care cascade.","authors":"Meredith B Brooks, Ashlee Vance, Nirupa Misra, Leonid Lecca, Maria Jaswal, Suchitra N Goodwin, Brittney J van de Water","doi":"10.1186/s44263-026-00264-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-026-00264-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with persistent losses across the care cascade from screening and diagnosis to treatment completion and prevention. While TB programs have largely focused on disease control and individual patients, many barriers to care arise at the household level, including stigma, financial strain, caregiving demands, and limited access to information and support. Family-centered care (FCC), which engages families as active partners through shared decision-making, respect, and tailored support, has improved outcomes in other health areas but has not been systematically applied to TB. Here, we argue that integrating FCC into TB care can reduce losses across the cascade and improve outcomes for individuals and households. FCC offers a unifying framework to strengthen engagement, equity, and continuity of care. It can address key barriers by promoting tailored education, shared treatment planning, household involvement, and coordinated social, economic, and clinical supports across prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Drawing on existing evidence and case vignettes, we outline practical strategies to align FCC principles with TB program activities. We also highlight key considerations for implementation, including workforce training, community partnerships, resource needs, and potential trade-offs such as caregiver burden or unintended stigma, underscoring the importance of context-specific adaptation. Adopting a family-centered approach provides a pragmatic pathway to strengthen TB programs, enhance patient and household experiences, and accelerate progress toward TB elimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13020358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 100 Days Mission: a perspective on accelerating vaccine manufacturing for future pandemics.","authors":"B Adam Williams, P Michelle Fitzsimmons, Lavinia M Lewis, James Tornos, Luke Kimmel, Jane M True, Pamela J Siwik, Martina Ryall, Kilian Mullett","doi":"10.1186/s44263-026-00262-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-026-00262-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The \"100 Days Mission\" aims to compress the timeline for delivering safe and effective vaccines in response to future pandemics. Here, we present insights from Pfizer leaders involved in the COVID-19 vaccine effort on key enablers for rapid large-scale manufacture of pandemic vaccines to achieve this ambitious goal. For pharmaceutical companies, these enablers include robust governance models, secure supply chains, innovative production strategies, and maintained \"warm\" manufacturing capacity. Additionally, we examine the crucial role of government support through regulatory harmonization, enhanced global surveillance, and improved logistics. By addressing these critical factors, the global community can better prepare for rapid vaccine manufacturing in response to future pandemic threats.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147489267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reciprocal innovation in implementation science and global health: reflections from the EXTRA-CVD (extending the HIV treatment cascade for cardiovascular disease prevention) study.","authors":"Claudia L Leung, Hayden B Bosworth, Allison R Webel, Angela Aifah, Constantine Akwanalo, Gerald S Bloomfield, Emily W Choi, Barbara M Gripshover, Corrilynn O Hileman, Jemima Kamano, Virginie Lopez-Kidwell, Charles Muiruri, Benson Njuguna, Nwora Lance Okeke, Christopher T Longenecker, Rajesh Vedanthan","doi":"10.1186/s44263-026-00257-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-026-00257-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reciprocal innovation, a model of sustained, multidirectional exchange in which health strategies are adapted, revisited, and refined across contexts, offers a compelling framework to rethink how implementation science can support global health equity by enabling dynamic, multidirectional learning across different contexts. Drawing on the EXTRA-CVD trial, a nurse-led cardiovascular disease prevention intervention designed to extend the HIV treatment cascade in United States (U.S.) HIV clinics, which adapted strategies informed by implementation research in Kenya and the U.S. Veterans Affairs health system, this perspective examines how reciprocal innovation can begin to emerge within existing research structures, as well as where opportunities for deeper exchange remain limited. We identify four operational domains of reciprocal innovation: care delivery strategies, end-user engagement, research methodologies, and research leadership and partnership. Across these domains, we describe how cross-context learning shaped intervention adaptation and site-level implementation in EXTRA-CVD, as well as missed opportunities where more intentional feedback, shared leadership, and methodological exchange could have strengthened multidirectional learning. Taken together, this work highlights both the potential and the practical challenges of reciprocal innovation in implementation research, emphasizing its role in moving beyond unidirectional knowledge transfer toward iterative, context-responsive learning. By embedding structures for iterative feedback, equity-centered governance, and multidirectional learning systems within research and implementation systems, future global partnerships can foster more inclusive, responsive, and sustainable health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12998207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}