Ekonomia i Prawo-Economics and Law最新文献

{"title":"The potential of intellectual capital as a source of competitive advantage for banks using CART classification trees","authors":"Karolina Anielak-Sobczak","doi":"10.12775/eip.2023.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eip.2023.024","url":null,"abstract":"Motivation: Most of the available analyzes on building banks’ competitiveness were based on typical financial ratios. The challenge for every modern bank is not just understanding the meaning of intellectual capital, but defining its elements and determining measures that enable its effective management, leading to the improvement and maintenance of a strong competitive position. Empirical research concerning the competitiveness of banks in Poland is increasingly focused not only on efficiency and financial indicators but more often on emphasizing the significance of the components describing the IC subsystems, which include: service quality, bank reputation, customer confidence in the financial service of a given bank and the attractiveness and comprehensiveness of its offer as significant determinants of the overall assessment of a given entity.Aim: The aim of the article is to systematize the definition of a bank’s intellectual capital and to indicate its role in building a bank’s long-term competitive position using multidimensional statistical analysis — classification tree (CART method).Results: The conducted analysis will allow to find rules (based on diagnostic indicators) classifying banks into separate groups (A, B, C). This will lead to the conclusion which indicators from the economic (EC) and intellectual (IC) capital layers have the greatest impact on the competitiveness of banks (2009–2020).","PeriodicalId":51956,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomia i Prawo-Economics and Law","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136344073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of ESG ratings on the market performance of commodity stock sector before and during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Adrian Gawęda, Marcin Złoty","doi":"10.12775/eip.2023.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eip.2023.029","url":null,"abstract":"Motivation: The growing importance of ESG in the international economy makes the analysed issues extremely interesting. More and more studies show the growing role of ESG performance on company financial and market results as well as analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial market. The study of rate of return and the relationship between the largest company companies in European Union Member States is of key importance considering the investment portfolio risk.Aim: The main aim of the article is impact assessment of ESG performance of the firm (proxied by ESG scoring by Refinitiv) on the rate of return of commodity sector companies listed on financial markets of European Union Member States. The second goal of the paper is to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the rate of return of the analysed companies. The third and final goal is to assess the impact of sector leader status on the rate of return of these companies (i.e. KGHM, PKN Orlen, Royal Dutch Shell and Rio Tinto).Results: ESG disclosure by the surveyed companies and ESG scoring had negative impact on the rate of return, while E, S and G scorings did not affect rate of return at all. Sector leaders were less negatively impacted by the COVID-19 economic crisis than the rest of the sector, however sector leadership status was not statistically significant. COVID-19 pandemic positively influenced the rate of return of analysed companies. In case of commodities stock companies, the economic crisis caused by the pandemic brought about higher levels of uncertainty in the financial markets.","PeriodicalId":51956,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomia i Prawo-Economics and Law","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136344936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"http://economiclaw.kiev.ua/index.php/economiclaw/article/view/1116","authors":"О.A. Trehub","doi":"10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.043","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper examines the problems and prospects of preferential taxation of carbon dioxide emissions from biofuel combustion in the context of reassessing climate impacts of bioenergy. Special attention is given to the analysis of the draft Law of Ukraine “On amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine regarding the establishment of a zero-tax rate for carbon dioxide emissions from installations that produce such emissions as a result of biofuel combustion”, the latest version of which was published by the Ministry of Energy of Ukraine in August 2022. Scientific approaches that express a critical view of the carbon neutrality of bioenergy and indicate the possibility of its adverse climate impacts are generalized. Potentially conflict zones where bioenergy capacity growth may conflict with climate policy are discussed. It is demonstrated that recent changes in European Union legislation are designed to ensure that zero-emission biomass shall fulfil the sustainability and the greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria. The extension of these criteria to relations in the field of emissions trading indicates significant progress in ensuring the objectivity of assessing the climate potential of bioenergy. Joining such progressive changes is complicated in Ukraine by the lack of the criteria at the level of national legislation, the energy crisis, the reduction of sustainable biomass due to hostilities and other factors. In this regard, the paper provides suggestions to establish a zero-tax rate for carbon dioxide emissions from installations that use biofuel as the only type of fuel, without reference to the sustainability and the greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria, at least in the short term to stimulate investment processes in the field of renewable energy.","PeriodicalId":51956,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomia i Prawo-Economics and Law","volume":"301 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79708500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ON THE DETERMINATION OF THE AUTHORIZED CAPITAL AND PARTICIPANT SHARES OF LLC AS WAYS OF PROTECTING CORPORATE RIGHTS","authors":"O. Belianevych","doi":"10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of ways to protect corporate rights, including members of a limited liability company (LLC), and developing a catalog of these ways is one of the key problems for the theory of Corporate Law. The law-enforcement practice of economic courts dealing with corporate disputes, the number of which has increased significantly in recent years, is an important factor in ensuring the protection of property rights, creating favorable conditions for investment activity in the country, and stable functioning of the corporate sector of the economy. The article draws attention to the fact that at the moment the decisions of the Supreme Court are dominated by the position that a comprehensive list of ways to protect a member of an LLC who believes that his right or legal interest is violated by changes in the composition of members or the distribution of shares of members of the company is contained in Art. 17 of the Law of Ukraine “On State Registration of Legal Entities, Individual – Entrepreneurs and Public Organizations”. On the basis of the analysis of the current practice of the Supreme Court, controversial issues of the court's application of the norms of Part 5 of Article 17 of this Law (in particular, in cases where the participant of the LLC has not fulfilled his obligation regarding property participation in the authorized capital of the company). It is argued that when considering corporate disputes, the principle of proportionality should be applied: the reduction of a participant's share in the authorized capital of an LLC is not a violation of his corporate rights, if such a participant has not made an additional contribution to the company's authorized capital in accordance with the decision of the general meeting to increase the amount of authorized capital. Attention is drawn to the fact that part 5 of Art. 17 of the Law of Ukraine “On State Registration of Legal Entities, Individuals Entrepreneurs and Public Organizations” does not establish as such methods of protecting the rights and interests of participants in disputes about the size of shares in the authorized capital or the composition of members of a limited liability company. For the purposes of Part 5 of Art. 17 of this Law, a court decision of the relevant content is considered as an alternative to the decision of the general meeting of participants. In the court decision, as a document on the basis of which relevant registration actions are carried out, the size of shares in the authorized capital, the size of the authorized capital must be specified as the factual circumstances of the real property participation of the participants in the authorized capital of the company established by the court. The court can protect the right of the participant in the way chosen by the plaintiff, while the lawsuit claims to determine the size of the authorized capital of the LLC and the size of the shares of the participants in the company can be considered by the court as a de","PeriodicalId":51956,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomia i Prawo-Economics and Law","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83812236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REGULATORY AND LEGAL BASIS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ENERGY TRANSFORMATION OF UKRAINE","authors":"V.S. Khomyn","doi":"10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.026","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the retrospective analysis and assessment of the current state regulatory and legal basis of energy transformation as a process of direction dynamics of the energy policy of Ukraine. Periods classification of the energy transformation of Ukraine has been developed, based on the temporary effect of the relevant legal framework in the field of energy policy, determined by the peculiarities of the internal energy course and the existing factors of external influence: the 1st post-Soviet period (1990—1996): the first stage (1990—1994); the second stage (1994—1996); II stabilization period (1996—2006); III early European integration period (2006—2013); IV latest European integration period (2013—2023): first stage (2013—2017); the second stage (2017—2022); the third stage (approximately 2022—2023); 5th early post-military period (approximately 2023—2050). It was established that such regulatory and legal framework for the implementation of Ukrainian energy transformation based on previous multi-term concepts, programs, and energy policy strategies was developed separately, reacting mainly to current intra-industry problems and, at the same time declared, did not take into account or insufficiently regulated not only the energy itself but related relations with them. It is proposed to form the provisions of the latest post-military Energy Strategy based on: cross-industry harmonization and synchronization of sectoral programs of related spheres of the economy; through consideration of the best foreign practices, Ukraine's international obligations and its strategic national interests in sustainable development; increasing energy efficiency of the national economy and establishing an energy-saving mentality in Ukrainian society; economically justified development, first of all, of those industries where there will be a permanent decrease in the share of imported of fuel and energy resources; regulation of new and strengthening provisions regarding existing energy-related relations of a European integration nature.","PeriodicalId":51956,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomia i Prawo-Economics and Law","volume":"230 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73932610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LABOR MARKET AND EDUCATIONAL SERVICES MARKET IN UKRAINE IN WAR AND POST-WAR RECOVERY: LEGAL SUPPORT FOR THE ELIMINATION OF IMBALANCE","authors":"V. Ustymenko, R. Dzhabrailov","doi":"10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"Several issues caused by disparities between the labor market and the market for educational services in Ukraine have been investigated. Some scientifically substantiated ways to eliminate the professional-qualification imbalance in the labor market have been proposed. Suggestions have been prepared for improving the current legislation in the researched sphere, taking into account the prospects of post-war recovery. In particular, measures have been proposed to prepare a substantively detailed mid-term forecast of the demand for specialists and labor force in the labor market, including information on expected labor market demands for specific professional job titles. Additionally, it has been suggested to ensure annual publication of the mid-term forecast for the demand of specialists and labor force in the labor market. The expediency of amending Article 22, Part 3 of the Law of Ukraine “On the Basic Principles of Youth Policy” has been substantiated, providing that the state guarantee for job placement in the field of expertise for a period of not less than three years applies to young professionals – graduates of vocational (vocational-technical), advanced vocational and higher education institutions, regardless of ownership form, the demand for which was determined by the state and/or regional order. Attention is drawn to the inadmissibility of the state's retreat from guarantees of employment for graduates of vocational (vocational-technical) education institutions, which may create additional demotivating factors and complicate the situation in the labor market, especially during the period of post-war recovery of the Ukrainian economy. The expediency of using direct and indirect means of state regulation separately or simultaneously has been argued, such as reducing the licensed volume of preparation of excess specialists, or paying taxes for excess training of certain specialties by citizens who have chosen them for preparation, which are excessive for the domestic labor market.","PeriodicalId":51956,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomia i Prawo-Economics and Law","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74822538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRENDS OF THE LIGHT OIL PRODUCTS MARKET OF UKRAINE AND PROSPECTS OF ENERGY SECURITY IN THIS FIELD","authors":"N. Kuzo, N. Kosar","doi":"10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.060","url":null,"abstract":"The market of light oil products is decisive for every country, significantly influencing all sectors of the economy and the standard of living of citizens. It was investigated that in 2020, compared to 2019, sales volumes of all types of fuel in Ukraine decreased, except for propane and liquefied butane. However, in 2021, the demand for all fuel types increased significantly. In 2021, compared to 2020, the cost of all types of fuel in Ukraine also increased. This trend of increasing the cost of fuel will continue in 2022. At the same time, fuel prices differ depending on the market operators. It has been established that the Ukrainian market of light oil products is quite competitive. However, today almost 40% of all high-octane gasoline and diesel fuel in our country are sold only by three large chains operating under such brands as WOG and OKKO, as well as UKRNAFTA. A feature of the market of light oil products of Ukraine is significant dependence on imported supplies, the share of which in 2021 reached 80 %. Logistical links in the export of oil products from European markets were not developed. In the market of light oil products in Ukraine, their sellers use primarily non-price competition tools. The loyalty of the gas station network customers is implemented through various marketing activities (advertising, social and environmental projects). In martial law conditions, the issue of providing fuel to the economy of Ukraine and the population became more acute. During the first six months of the war in 2022, Ukraine increased its fuel imports 12 times, satisfying market demand. During this period, our country received 95 % of imported gasoline, as well as 72 % of diesel fuel, from EU countries. The consumer survey results showed that gasoline A-95 and diesel fuel, which meet Euro standards, predominate among the popular types of fuel in Ukraine. Customers' choice of gas stations is most influenced by their convenient location and the fuel level in the tank. The most popular gas station chains for the respondents are OKKO and WOG gas station chains. Among the additional services at gas stations, the most popular are purchasing food and drinks, free Wi-Fi, food and non-food products, parking, and car washing. The most promising additional services at gas stations include a mechanic's consultation, medical corner, use of terminals and ATMs, car wash, free Wi-Fi, parking, and Internet ordering points. Prospects for developing the market of light oil products in Ukraine depend primarily on the end of the war in Ukraine and the reconstruction of its economy. The Polish company Orlen can be considered the most likely partner for agreeing to process Ukrainian oil to produce the fuel necessary for Ukraine further.","PeriodicalId":51956,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomia i Prawo-Economics and Law","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87130992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LESSONS FROM THE MARSHALL PLAN: GAINING PUBLIC SUPPORT, PREREQUISITES FOR SUCCESS, AND KEY EMPHASES FOR UKRAINE","authors":"O. Nestor","doi":"10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.071","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the peculiarities of the Marshall Plan or the European Recovery Program after World War II. In particular, three phases of the Marshall Plan are described (the first one began two years after the end of World War II and was characterized by the threatening situation in Europe; the second phase began when the process of European economic recovery approached the pre-war 1938 level and was characterized by concerns about the sustainability of these achievements, their maintenance, and improvement; the third phase began with the war on the Korean Peninsula and was marked by a gradual change in the Marshall Plan's course towards international security and defense). The propaganda aspect of the Marshall Plan and the process of its development are outlined. The article analyzes the prerequisites for the success of the Marshall Plan, which include the following: personnel and selection policy; organizational structure of the ECA; institutional prerequisites; psychological aspect; attention to detail: approach to foreign policy making, decisionmaking process, problem-solving method; management style. The article emphasizes that the idea that economics, politics, and psychology are inseparable in the process of creating support and rebuilding other countries was an important feature and basis for the development and implementation of the Marshall Plan. The author identifies the unique features of the Ukrainian context to be taken into account in the process of developing a “Marshall Plan for Ukraine” for its recovery after the Russian-Ukrainian war, in particular, the geopolitical aspect and the importance of geopolitical support from Ukraine's partners, as well as the need to restructure the Ukrainian economy in a modern way. The article argues that the lessons of the Marshall Plan for Western Europe can and should be used in the development of the “Marshall Plan for Ukraine”. The situation with the creation of an analog of the Marshall Plan for Ukraine will have its own unique specifics, as the recipient of assistance will be one country, and the circle of donors will be wider. Mutually beneficial partnership and respect between the recipient and donors, as well as the optimal organizational and management structure of the organization that will be involved in the reconstruction of Ukraine, are important.","PeriodicalId":51956,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomia i Prawo-Economics and Law","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74336995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFORMATION TRANSPARENCY AND RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT","authors":"O. Plastun, H. Filatova, Yu.A. Puhovkina","doi":"10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2023.02.052","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic has dramatically changed the global situation in terms of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (hereinafter referred to as the SDGs). Currently, the slow pace of achieving the SDGs is due to limited financial resources. In order to find ways to solve this problem, this paper analyzes responsible investment instruments (also called ESG investments) and ways to increase the efficiency of their use in the context of information transparency as an alternative to traditional financing instruments. In particular, the article proposes a scientific and methodological approach to the calculation of ESG indices by incorporating the company's position in the ESG rating (environment, social, and corporate governance) as additional weights, which, unlike the traditional approach, allows the calculation of the index to take into account not only the company's capitalization but also the level of success of its ESG activity. The effective use of responsible investment instruments will create the necessary preconditions for overcoming the existing shortage of financial resources in achieving the SDGs. It has been proven that the first step should be the concentration of regulatory efforts on the unification (standardization) of ESG information disclosure processes. The problem lies not only in the lack of ESG data, but also in the lack of their systematization. Even companies that provide information about their ESG activities use different methods, from corporate websites to annual reports or sustainability reports. That is, collecting, summarizing, systematizing ESG data in such conditions is quite a difficult task.","PeriodicalId":51956,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomia i Prawo-Economics and Law","volume":"284 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76851212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivation to work remotely in the face of organizational and cost conditions","authors":"A. Ziomek","doi":"10.12775/eip.2023.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/eip.2023.023","url":null,"abstract":"Motivation: Working conditions have changed significantly as remote working has become widespread in many countries. These changes were caused by a pandemic, as a result of which the possibility of direct communication as well as control and integration of employees was limited. There are also new cost categories for employees and employers, such as installing a better internet connection, purchasing new hardware and software, and implementing better security for data transmission outside the company’s premises. These changes resulted in changes in the employee motivation factors against the background of organizational and cost conditions, which is important for the proper development of the organization.Aim: The aim of the article is to assess motivation to work remotely, based on a survey of opinions among 450 employees in total in Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary. The assessment was performed by verifying, using the logistic regression method, ten hypotheses describing organizational and cost conditions as well as individual effects, such as career opportunities, increase in knowledge and skills, and the occurrence of stress that arose as a result of working remotely. The motivation to work remotely was verified by establishing the willingness to continue working through an opinion.Results: Motivation in remote work is influenced by both efficient communication and technical assistance provided to the employee remotely. Motivation resulting from the independent organization of working time is also important, and it is based on the decision to choose the duration of work, hours and intensity of its performance. Organizational and cost-related factors are related to motivation, as well as individual effects experienced by the employee. Directly from the survey, it appears that only 26.8% of the respondents incurred higher costs related to remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the respondents want to continue it with their current earnings. The study found that employees are motivated to work remotely because the organizational conditions and earnings meet their needs. They also admitted that thanks to remote work, they have a better chance of developing a professional career, as well as a higher level of their knowledge and skills, which is also associated with the motivation to continue working remotely.","PeriodicalId":51956,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomia i Prawo-Economics and Law","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79308418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}