Journal of General and Family Medicine最新文献

{"title":"A thank you note to our reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jgf2.749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.749","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We would like to express our deepest gratitude to all the individuals who have provided their valuable time and expertise to support <i>Journal of General and Family Medicine</i>. The Editorial Board wishes to acknowledge with gratitude the following Reviewers for reviewing manuscripts during the past year.</p><p>Abe, Masanori</p><p>Aihara, Hidetoshi</p><p>Ainoda, Yusuke</p><p>Akashi, Yusaku</p><p>Akiyama, Yutaro</p><p>Al-doud, Mohammad A.</p><p>Ando, Takayuki</p><p>Aoki, Takuya</p><p>Asakura, Kentaro</p><p>Cakiroglu, Basri</p><p>Cavanna, Luigi</p><p>Cheney, Kate</p><p>Dehghani, Mansoureh</p><p>Dohi, Eisuke</p><p>Fujikawa, Hirohisa</p><p>Fujimori, Daisuke</p><p>Fujita, Kohei</p><p>Fujiwara, Motoshi</p><p>Fukase, Ryu</p><p>Fukuchi, Takahiko</p><p>Fukumori, Norio</p><p>Funakoshi, Hiraku</p><p>Funakoshi, Tomofumi</p><p>Goudarzi, Kimia</p><p>Gupta, Tarun Sen</p><p>Hagiwara, Shotaro</p><p>Hakozaki, Michiyuki</p><p>Hamasuna, Ryoichi</p><p>Hamizan, Aneeza Wan</p><p>Harada, Taku</p><p>Harada, Yukinori</p><p>Haruta, Junji</p><p>Haseda, Maho</p><p>Hashizume, Naoki</p><p>Hasunuma, Naoko</p><p>Hayase, Naoki</p><p>He, Qiushui</p><p>Hinata, Yuki</p><p>Hirayama, Yoko</p><p>Hirose, Masahiro</p><p>Ho, Roger C</p><p>Honda, Takanori</p><p>Horibata, Ken</p><p>Hotta, Harumi</p><p>Iguchi, Seitaro</p><p>Ikeda, Takaaki</p><p>Ikemoto, Tatsunori</p><p>Inada, Haruhiko</p><p>Inoue, Kazuo</p><p>Inoue, Kazuoki</p><p>Inoue, Machiko</p><p>Inoue, Yoshie</p><p>Inui, Akihiro</p><p>Ishikane, Masahiro</p><p>Ishikawa, Yukiko</p><p>Ishimaru, Hiroyasu</p><p>Ishizuka, Kosuke</p><p>Isik, Arda</p><p>Isse, Naohi</p><p>Ito, Junko</p><p>Iwama, Itaru</p><p>Iwata, Hiroyoshi</p><p>Joshita, Satoru</p><p>Kakeya, Hiroshi</p><p>Kanakubo, Yusuke</p><p>Kaneko, Makoto</p><p>Kanke, Satoshi</p><p>Kanno, Tetsuya</p><p>Kanzawa, Yohei</p><p>Kashiwagi, Shinichiro</p><p>Kataoka, Yuki</p><p>Katayama, Kohta</p><p>Kato, Daisuke</p><p>Kato, Koki</p><p>Katsuya, Tomohiro</p><p>Kawada, Shogo</p><p>Kawamoto, Ryuichi</p><p>Kawashima, Atsushi</p><p>Kenzaka, Tsuneaki</p><p>Kera, Takeshi</p><p>Kimura, Takuma</p><p>Kizawa, Yoshiyuki</p><p>Kobayashi, Hiroyuki</p><p>Kobayashi, Ryota</p><p>Koike, Soichi</p><p>Komagamine, Junpei</p><p>Kosaka, Shintaro</p><p>Kubo, Toru</p><p>Kurashige, Takashi</p><p>Kwon, Chan-Young</p><p>Li, Yu</p><p>Maeno, Tetsuhiro</p><p>Masumoto, Shoichi</p><p>Masuzawa, Yuko</p><p>Matsubara, Shigeki</p><p>Matsumoto, Monami</p><p>Matsuyama, Yasushi</p><p>Mayumi, Toshihiko</p><p>Mezawa, Hidetoshi</p><p>Midlöv, Patrik</p><p>Mitsuhashi, Toshiharu</p><p>Miyagami, Taiju</p><p>Miyamori, Daisuke</p><p>Miyazawa, Asako</p><p>Miyoshi, Tomoko</p><p>Mizuno, Atsushi</p><p>Mizutani, Yoshinori</p><p>Molina, Gabriel A</p><p>Morales, Mignodel M</p><p>Mori, Ryuji</p><p>Morikawa, Toru</p><p>Motomura, Kazuhisa</p><p>Mughal, Faraz</p><p>Murakami, Minoru</p><p>Nagami, Haruhiko</p><p>Nagasaki, Kazuya</p><p>Nakabayashi, Masaki</p><p>Nakae, Hajime</p><p>Nakamura, Mieko</p><p>Nakhjavani, Manouchehr</p><p>Narita, Masashi</p><p>Na","PeriodicalId":51861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Family Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"398-399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgf2.749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The characteristics of general practitioners and geriatricians who take overall responsibility for the care of older patients with multimorbidity","authors":"Takuma Kimura MD, MSCE, PhD,&nbsp;Shinji Matsumura MD, MHS, PhD,&nbsp;Masayoshi Hashimoto MD, PhD,&nbsp;Ken Shinmura MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/jgf2.727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.727","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Older patients with multimorbidity often seek care from multiple health care providers and visit several medical institutions. Having a primary care provider who takes overall responsibility for their care may be beneficial. We conducted a survey to identify the characteristics of general practitioners and geriatricians who frequently assume such responsibility for older patients with multimorbidity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In June 2022, we distributed by mail an anonymous questionnaire to 3300 family medicine specialists, primary care-certified physicians, and geriatric specialists in Japan. We used a four-point Likert-type scale to score items related to conditions and patient backgrounds that pose challenges in treatment, key clinical factors, and important clinical strategies. Modified Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with frequently assuming overall responsibility for medical care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 746 physicians were included in the analysis. Factors associated with frequently assuming overall responsibility for medical care of older patients with multimorbidity included providing inpatient ward care (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.237, 95% CI 1.124–1.362), providing home medical care (PR 1.357, 95% CI 1.225–1.504), frequently treating patients over 90 years old (PR 2.043, 95% CI 1.258–3.318), and the overall score for clinical strategies (PR 1.021, 95% CI 1.010–1.033).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>General practitioners and geriatricians who frequently assume overall responsibility for the care of older patients with multimorbidity tend to engage significantly in ward and home medical care, often treat patients above 90 years, and employ numerous clinical strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Family Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"366-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgf2.727","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of polydoctoring among multimorbid older adults; a cross-sectional study in an urban area of Japan","authors":"Takayuki Ando MD, MPH,&nbsp;Takashi Sasaki PhD,&nbsp;Yukiko Abe BA,&nbsp;Yoshinori Nishimoto MD, PhD,&nbsp;Takumi Hirata MD, MPH, PhD,&nbsp;Junji Haruta MD, PhD,&nbsp;Yasumichi Arai MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/jgf2.728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.728","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multimorbidity increases with age, leading to various adverse outcomes, including higher mortality, care dependency, hospitalizations, and healthcare costs. Polydoctoring, managing a patient with multimorbidity by multiple healthcare providers, can be a risk of fragmented care and increased healthcare expenditures. This study aims to identify patient-related factors contributing to polydoctoring in older adults with multimorbidity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is a cross-sectional study using baseline data from the Kawasaki Aging and Wellbeing Project. Participants were residents of Kawasaki City aged 85–89 years, without disability in basic activities of daily living, and being able to visit study site. The regularly visited facilities (RVF) index was employed to quantify polydoctoring. Polydoctoring was defined as having two or more RVFs. Poisson regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between polydoctoring and patient demographics, including types of chronic conditions and socioeconomic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of, 968 participants with multimorbidity were analyzed. Increased RVF was significantly associated with eye diseases (rate ratio [RR] 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–1.44), osteoporosis (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.08–1.38), prostate diseases (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.07–1.40), and osteoarthritis (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05–1.27). No significant correlation was found with educational status or financial hardship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study indicated that certain chronic conditions are linked to increased polydoctoring among multimorbid older adults in Japan. However, most of those conditions are considered to be within a scope of family medicine/general practice. Training general practitioners to manage these conditions could reduce healthcare costs and the treatment burden, indicating a direction for future healthcare policy and medical education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Family Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"376-383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgf2.728","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empagliflozin add-on therapy is superior to metformin monotherapy in diabetic patients with NAFLD: An open-label, single-center, pilot clinical trial","authors":"Ayda Esmaeili PharmD,&nbsp;Reza Pourahmad Azar MD,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Mohammad Hosseiniazar MD,&nbsp;Laya Hooshmand Gharabagh MD","doi":"10.1002/jgf2.723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.723","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and advanced fibrosis, is high among type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Empagliflozin (EMPA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, has been well established to improve glycemic status in T2DM. However, evidence of the desirable effects of EMPA, when added to the standard treatment in diabetics with coexisting NAFLD, has yet to be determined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The main objective of the current study is to explore the benefits of EMPA on hepatic fat content in patients with T2DM and NAFLD, who received metformin (MET) monotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this open-label clinical trial study, 60 patients with T2DM and NAFLD were assigned to either the MET + EMPA or MET group in an up-titrated manner for 24 weeks. Anthropometric characteristics, blood glucose indices, lipid profile, liver enzymes, and steatosis grades were measured at baseline and 24 weeks after the intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that in patients with a mean age of 53.26 ± 7.64 who received MET+ EMPA, all the parameters had a greater decrease than the MET group. In addition, the reduction of FBS, BS, HbA1C, TG, and ALT had a statistically significant difference between the two groups after 24 weeks follow-up (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Notably, in the MET+ EMPA group, there was a substantial improvement in steatosis grades based on the fibroscan and ultrasound modality results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The EMPA add-on therapeutic schedule in uncontrolled T2DM patients with NAFLD significantly ameliorated steatosis stages, liver function, anthropometric features, and biochemical parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Family Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"351-357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgf2.723","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A proposed medical system change in Japan inspired by Swedish primary health care: Important role of general practitioners and specialist nurses at primary health care centers","authors":"Rie Sato MD, PhD,&nbsp;Ulf Jakobsson PhD, RNT, PHN,&nbsp;Patrik Midlöv MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/jgf2.726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.726","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Japanese citizens of all socioeconomic statuses have benefited from the national insurance system by receiving high-quality healthcare. However, the Japanese healthcare service is facing a severe financial crisis because of the increasing aging society and social security expenses. Many consultations raise medical expenditure and doctors' work overload, which is about to be regulated, but is questionable how the goal can be achieved without delegating doctors' working tasks. Sweden has a similar health index to that of Japan, but the system is different and is anchored by general practitioners and specialist nurses assigned to primary health care centers. They collaborate to share the workload, responsibilities, and patients' continuous care needs. As a result, the number of consultations is kept small, the length of stay in hospitals is shortened, and doctors' working hours are protected. A system change inspired by Swedish primary health care can be a potential solution for Japanese society.</p>","PeriodicalId":51861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Family Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"295-304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgf2.726","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of cancer patients dying at home during the COVID-19 pandemic: A study based on vital statistics from 2015 to 2022 in Japan","authors":"Yu Sun MD, PhD,&nbsp;Rie Masuda MD, PhD,&nbsp;Yuta Taniguchi MD, PhD,&nbsp;Masao Iwagami MD, PhD,&nbsp;Nobuo Sakata MD, PhD,&nbsp;Satoru Yoshie MS,&nbsp;Jun Komiyama PhD,&nbsp;Kazumasa Yamagishi MD, PhD,&nbsp;Tomomi Kihara MD, PhD,&nbsp;Taeko Watanabe MD, PhD,&nbsp;Hideto Takahashi PhD,&nbsp;Hiroyasu Iso MD, PhD,&nbsp;Nanako Tamiya MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/jgf2.724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.724","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has markedly affected end-of-life care, notably increasing home deaths among cancer patients in Japan. This study investigated the characteristics of cancer patients who died at home during the pandemic and the associated factors before and during the pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vital statistics from January 2015 to December 2022 were analyzed to evaluate trends in home deaths among cancer patients aged 0 to 113 years, pre-pandemic (January 2015 to March 2020) and during the pandemic (April 2020 to December 2022). Home deaths were assessed by demographics, including age, sex, marital status, and residential location. Multivariable modified Poisson regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with home deaths in both periods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 3,010,374 individuals, 11.6% (226,571/1,959,304) and 20.8% (218,429/1,051,070) died at home before and during the pandemic, respectively. In subgroup analysis depicting the trend of in-home deaths by patient characteristics, only the age group showed a differential trend: the proportion of in-home deaths was higher among older people before the pandemic, whereas it was higher among younger people during the pandemic. The multivariable analysis revealed the excess risk of in-home deaths among people aged ≥65 years before the pandemic and among those aged &lt;65 years during the pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The pandemic has increased home-based end-of-life care for terminal cancer patients, particularly younger individuals, possibly due to hospital visit restrictions. Ensuring sufficient resources for both home and hospital care is vital to allow individuals to receive end-of-life care in their preferred settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Family Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"358-365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgf2.724","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How is primary care nursing embedded in nursing undergraduate curricula: A mixed-method study from four countries","authors":"Mayumi Kako PhD, RN,&nbsp;Elizabeth Halcomb PhD, RN, BN Honours,&nbsp;Mariko Mizukawa PhD, RN,&nbsp;Michiko Moriayama PhD, RN","doi":"10.1002/jgf2.711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.711","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Given the increase in the primary care nursing workforce and the need to further grow nursing roles in the community understanding how this is included in undergraduate education is important. This study aimed to explore the inclusion of primary care in the undergraduate nursing education curriculum of four countries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A mixed-method design was employed to obtain a broader context of primary care nursing in nursing education and teaching approaches relating to primary care nursing. Subsequently, Australia, Canada, Spain, and Ireland were selected for this study because primary healthcare systems are established as a part of their healthcare system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 136 nursing faculties (40 in Australia, 35 in Canada, 46 in Spain, and 15 in Ireland) were invited to participate in this study. Of these, 27 responses were obtained (19.8% response rate). Following the survey phase, in-depth interviews were conducted with 13 participants. The results indicated that the highest number was coded within the theme of “Understanding of PHC in the curriculum” (<i>n</i> = 108). The second highest number (<i>n</i> = 87) was within the theme of “Interpretation differences of PHC in curriculum,” and the third highest (<i>n</i> = 31) was coded within “Policy impact on health by national government and others.”</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results emphasized the ambiguity of primary care within the undergraduate nursing curriculum and that interpretation and implementation into the curriculum largely depended on the school's intentions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Family Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"309-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgf2.711","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive association between patient experience of primary care with chronic disease and self-rated health in a Japanese rural area: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey using the Japanese primary care assessment tool short form","authors":"Sakiya Nishida MD,&nbsp;Yoshio Hisata MD, PhD,&nbsp;Aki Yasaka MD,&nbsp;Takashi Sugioka MD, PhD,&nbsp;Risa Hirata MD, PhD,&nbsp;Naoko E. Katsuki MD, PhD,&nbsp;Masaki Tago MD, PhD, FACP,&nbsp;Yuki Ueda MD,&nbsp;Masaki Amenomori MD,&nbsp;Katsumi Higashino MD, PhD,&nbsp;Yoshio Naya MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/jgf2.721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.721","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low birthrates and an aging society during population decline have brought about labor shortages and increased medical care needs. Medical resources should be distributed appropriately, particularly in rural areas. High-quality primary care can make the medical system more effective and contribute to rural residents' health. However, there are no reports on the impact of primary care on health in the rural areas of Japan. This study examined the effect of primary care quality on self-rated health in a rural Japanese area.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire survey of residents of a rural area in northern Shiga Prefecture in 2021. Self-rated health (SRH) was used as the health outcome (1–5 points), and the Japanese Primary Care Assessment Tool Short Form (JPCAT-SF) was used to measure the patients' experience of primary care (0–100 points). We conducted a multivariate analysis using logistic regression analysis and examined the association between good SRH (4 points or more) and high JPCAT-SF scores (above average score), adjusted for sociodemographic confounding factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1108 men and 1412 women responded to the survey. The mean patient age was 69.8 years. The mean JPCAT-SF score was 51.8 points. Among the 1172 patients with chronic diseases, good SRH was associated with high JPCAT-SF scores (odds ratio [OR] 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.009–1.73).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Good SRH among rural residents with chronic disease was associated with high primary care quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Family Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"333-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgf2.721","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and sex differences in sarcopenic dysphagia: A secondary data analysis","authors":"Hidetaka Wakabayashi MD, PhD,&nbsp;Shingo Kakehi PT, MS,&nbsp;Ayano Nagano RN, PhD,&nbsp;Masako Kishima DDS, PhD,&nbsp;Masataka Itoda DDS, PhD,&nbsp;Shinta Nishioka RD, PhD,&nbsp;Ryo Momosaki MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/jgf2.722","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgf2.722","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Age and sex differences in sarcopenic dysphagia are unknown. The purpose is to characterize age and sex differences in sarcopenic dysphagia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study using information from the Japanese database on sarcopenic dysphagia was performed. We investigated age and sex differences between sarcopenic dysphagia and other forms of dysphagia. We investigated whether differences in prognosis for swallowing function, as assessed by the Food Intake Level Scale, and activities of daily living (ADL), as assessed by the Barthel Index were influenced by age and sex in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 460 patients, including 229 men and 231 women, with a mean age of 81 ± 10 years. Fifty-eight percent of the patients had sarcopenic dysphagia. Age was independently associated with sarcopenic dysphagia (odds ratio (OR): 1.056, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.035, 1.078), although sarcopenic dysphagia could also be seen in those younger than 65 years. Sex was not independently associated with sarcopenic dysphagia. The age cut-off for the diagnosis of sarcopenic dysphagia was 82 years in all patients (sensitivity, 0.660; specificity, 0.644), 80 years in men (sensitivity, 0.619; specificity, 0.631), and 83 years in women (sensitivity, 0.723; specificity, 0.577). Sarcopenic dysphagia showed no significant differences in the improvement of swallowing function and ADL based on age and sex.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sarcopenic dysphagia was most common in older adults in their 80s or older. The possibility of sarcopenic dysphagia should be considered when dysphagia is present in people 80 years of age or older.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Family Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"343-350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgf2.722","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141809384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment and management of allergic rhinitis: A review and evidence-informed approach for family medicine","authors":"Akash Jangan MRCS (ENT),&nbsp;Zahir Mughal FRCS (ORL-HNS),&nbsp;Ahmar Ahmad MBChB,&nbsp;Mark Simmons FRCS (ORL-HNS),&nbsp;Aziz Sheikh OBE, FRSE, FRCGP, FMedSci,&nbsp;Faraz Mughal DCH, MPhil, FRCGP","doi":"10.1002/jgf2.720","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgf2.720","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disorder affecting nasal mucosa in response to allergen exposure and is commonly assessed and managed in family medicine. In this article, we review new international guidelines on the diagnosis and management of allergic rhinitis and generate evidence-informed recommendations for family medicine doctors.</p>","PeriodicalId":51861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General and Family Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"305-308"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgf2.720","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}