Forest Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Improving the efficiency of forest companies by optimizing the key indicators of sustainable forest management: a case study of the Far East","authors":"P. Ryabukhin, O. Kunickaya, A. Burgonutdinov, V. Makuev, T. Sivtseva, N. Zadrauskaite, E. Hertz, O. Markov","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2022.2128900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2022.2128900","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Forest plantations provide a wide range of products. Therefore, it is vital to ensure the sustainable growth and adequate management of forest resources. This study aims to examine the current challenges facing the forest industry, such as the depletion of forest resources, the increasing cost of wood processing products, and intensifying competition in the timber market (caused by the tropical wood supply). These challenges force the world’s leading forest countries to intensify forest cultivation, to consult forest industries in the Far East and to optimize the sustainable use of forest resources. It was found that current distribution of cutting practices threatens the forest ecosystem. The study suggests a scheme where 10–30% of forest area is clear-cut, 70–90% is selectively logged, and 20–35% is exposed to gradual felling. Factors, such as harvesting time, exhaust emissions, the loss of young trees, topsoil degradation, load on the soil surface, and the slope angle are essential for building mathematical models of forest sustainability. The intensity of wood transportation is also a critical factor influencing the above indicators. The study proposes a model for reorganizing regional wood harvesting companies to improve their profitability. The theoretical model is adapted to the Far Eastern context, but is suitable for use in other parts of the world.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87728000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of the Forest Environment Transfer Tax for forest data development and exchange: evidence from all 47 prefectures in Japan","authors":"R. Kohsaka, Y. Uchiyama","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2022.2133017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2022.2133017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To facilitate forest management as part of climate change mitigation and adaptation, the Forest Environment Transfer Tax (FETT) was introduced in Japan in 2019, representing a form of payment for ecosystem services. In this study, we focused on the introduction of the tax and the status of its use based on an analysis covering Japan’s 47 prefectures. This involved reviewing policy processes related to FETT and conducting a survey among relevant prefectural officers to identify how FETT is being used, with a focus on plans, policies, and systems related to forest data development and exchanges. The proportions of both total and FETT budgets used for forest data development were significant. Several prefectures are improving forest-related data in a two-way manner by coordinating with municipalities. Correlation analysis revealed that prefectures with greater proportions of privately owned forests allocated more budget to forest data development, which is in line with the FETT’s intended purpose. This result suggests that the absolute size of such forestlands is less important, but that the proportion of privately owned forests carries political and social weight that could be a critical factor in budget allocation.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89555237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza on germination and initial growth of Cinchona officinalis L. (Rubiaceae)","authors":"F. H. Fernandez-Zarate, A. E. Huaccha-Castillo, L. Quiñones-Huatangari, Segundo Primitivo Vaca-Marquina, Tito Sanchez-Santillán, Eli Morales-Rojas, Alejandro Seminario-Cunya, Marly Guelac-Santillan, Luci Magali Barturén-Vega, David Coronel-Bustamante","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2022.2124318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2022.2124318","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cinchona officinalis, known locally as cascarilla or cinchona, is a plant species native to South America. It was used as a source of quinine to combat malaria in the 17th century. The species is threatened by various anthropogenic activities. Further, the propagation of the species depends on seed dispersal and its germination capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to conserve and propagate this species. Because C. officinalis seeds have a low germination capacity, we determined the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) on their germination and growth. A randomized design was employed with two treatments, one treated with mycorrhizae (CM) and another without mycorrhizae (SM). For each treatment, three replicates of 100 seeds were used. Germination, growth, and fungal characteristics were evaluated. In germination parameters, the CM treatment showed better performance, but the improvement was statistically insignificant. However, the application of AM significantly improved seedling height (cm), root length (cm), leaf area (cm2), and root number by 53.52, 28.72, 29.73, and 61.66%, respectively. Likewise, mycorrhization intensity (%), mycorrhization frequency (%), and extraradical mycelium length (cm) in the CM treatment were 37.13, 3.44, and 174.97% higher compared to the SM treatment, respectively. Therefore, the use of AM fungi proves to be advantageous in the propagation of C. officinalis, and these results provide a basis for the largescale and sustainable propagation of this species.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89546345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content of Cypripedium japonicum in its natural habitat","authors":"Dong-Hak Kim, S. Son, J. Jung, Jea-Cheon Lee, P. Kim","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2022.2120544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2022.2120544","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study characterizes the growth conditions of Cypripedium japonicum Thunb. (Korean lady’s slipper), a rare and endangered plant, across three different sites in its natural habitat. The three natural habitats of C. japonicum had different canopy densities that influenced the relative light intensity and quality (R/FR ratio) on the forest floor, the values of which, decreased with the increase in canopy density. The leaf mass per area of C. japonicum increased with an increase in canopy openness, and the difference in growth due to increased light availability was further confirmed by the chlorophyll content. Higher values of the average daily photosynthetic activity, transpiration rate, and stomatal aperture were recorded in C. japonicum growing in natural habitats that received a higher frequency of sunflecks. The activities of the photosystem and carbon fixation of the plants growing in the three habitats were compared through the light-response and A–Ci curves, and it was found that their photosynthetic capacity decreased in a low light environment. The growth and physiological characteristics of C. japonicum growing in different habitats were dependent on the light conditions in the stand, and therefore, increasing the light availability by control of canopy density may improve the propagation of C. japonicum. We believe that the findings of our study will facilitate the prediction of population dynamics and the long-term conservation and restoration of C. japonicum.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86488715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population genetic of the Indonesian rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia) from Java and West Nusa Tenggara revealed using sequence-related amplified polymorphism","authors":"K. Yulita, Susila, H. H. Rachmat, F. G. Dwiyanti, T. D. Atikah, A. Subiakto, Bayu. A. Pratama, T. Setyawati, W. Wardani, R. A. Fambayun, N. Arrofaha, Irsyad Kamal","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2022.2123051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2022.2123051","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dalbergia latifolia is commercial tropical tree species known for its beautiful heartwood, mainly used for furniture and musical instrument. High market demand has put concerns on its sustainability and conservation aspects in Indonesia. Ninety-five specimens of D. latifolia were collected from eight populations of Java, Lombok, and Sumbawa Island to study intraspecific variability and diversity using SRAP. One hundred and eighty SRAP loci with 54.03% ± 4.35% polymorphism obtained from PCR amplification of 10 primer combinations, with the average PIC for these primers of 0.28. Genetic diversity and variability measures were calculated using GenAlEx software indicating a relatively low-mid level of percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) (54.03%), effective number of alleles (Ne) (1.255), Shannon information index (I) (0.242), and heterozygosity (He) (0.156) on average. The highest value (I = 0.309, He = 0.196) was observed in population P2CJ (Central Java), followed by West Java of P1WJ (I = 0.300, He = 0.191) and West Sumbawa of P7Wsumb (I = 0.257, He = 0.169), while the lowest (I = 0.202, He = 0.129) was found in West Lombok (P4WL). The genetic relationships were measured from genetic distance and identity from the two-pairwise calculation, PCoA, and STRUCTURE analysis. The relative homologous population is found between populations Central and West Java of P2CJ and P1WJ (Nei uD = 0.031), suggesting these populations have the same origin and formed one population, while the most distinct (Nei uD = 0.157) was recorded between Sumbawa regency (P6Sumb) and East Java (P3EJ). The results from PCoA showed that all individuals are placed in three groups almost in accordance with their respective islands, i.e. a group comprised inclusively trees from Sumbawa island, a group of Lombok and some Central Java trees, and a group of trees from Java with the exclusion of some trees of Central Java that were clustered with trees from Lombok island. This result was also supported by STRUCTURE analysis, which showed that Sumbawa, Lombok, and West-East Java populations formed their respective clusters, and Central Java population contains a mixture of West-East Java and Lombok populations. This may suggest evidence of complex origin, thus needing further study to clarify. It is recommended that the populations with the highest value of genetic diversity (Central and East Java) are to be maintained as the source of the gene pool for genetic enrichment programs.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79384429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in particulate matter concentration and meteorological variables after changing forest structure in oak-dominated forests nearby highway tollgate","authors":"Sumin Choi, S. Yoo, Jaeho Yeo, C. Park","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2022.2116113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2022.2116113","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Oak species are the major dominant tree species of deciduous forests, but the little study was conducted to understand the change of particulate matter concentration after changing the forest structure. This study analyzed the effects of changing forest structure (CFS) on the changes in meteorological factors and air particulate matter (PM) concentration after leaf emergence in oak-dominated forests nearby highway pollutants’ sources. In June 2019, 33% of the total trees were removed from the CFS of oak forests in the vicinity of the tollgate of Misiryeong in Goseong-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea. To understand the changes in leaf emergence between the treatment site (TRS is the site changing forest structure) and control site (CS), we investigated the foliage height profile (FHP, %) at each class of tree height in December 2019 and June 2020. The results showed that FHP (%) was lower in TRS than in CS in both months, and the FHP of the middle canopy class increased after TRS while that of the upper canopy class decreased. The correlation was significant with temperature in March (p < 0.01) and with wind speed in June (p < 0.01), indicating that CFS improved the airflow. There was no significant difference in the PM concentration between CS (PM10: 37.7 µg/m3, PM2.5: 21.1 µg/m3) and TRS (PM10: 37.5 µg/m3, PM2.5: 20.8 µg/m3) in March; however, the PM concentration in TRS (PM10: 65.0 µg/m3, PM2.5: 26.2 µg/m3) was lower than that in CS (PM10: 73.9 µg/m3, PM2.5: 29.1 µg/m3) in June. The rate of PM reduction (%) in TRS was higher in June (PM10: 11.3%, PM2.5: 10.0%) than in March (PM10: 2.3%, PM2.5: 4.0%). The low value of PM concentration in June could be related to the leaf emergence. Overall, the results indicated that meteorological factors and PM concentrations had changed in the inner part of the forest after leaf emergence and that the temperature and wind speed were strongly correlated with the PM concentration. These results suggest that CFS can change the forest structure and the airflow in oak-dominated forests, which PM can flow and settle down into the inner forest's nearby pollutants sources of a tollgate. The results provide basic information for understanding the reduction effect of PM by CFS in oak-dominated deciduous forests nearby highway pollutants source.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83952703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying non-thrive trees and predicting wood density from resistograph using temporal convolution network","authors":"Rapeepan Kantavichai, E. Turnblom","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2022.2115561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2022.2115561","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Deep learning approaches have been adopted in Forestry research including tree classification and inventory prediction. In this study, we proposed an application of a deep learning approach, Temporal Convolution Network, on sequences of radial resistograph profiles to identify non-thrive trees and to predict wood density. Non-destructive resistance drilling measurements on South and West orientations of 274 trees in a 41-year-old Douglas-fir stand in Marion County, Oregon, USA were used as input series. Non-thrive trees were defined based on their changes in social status since establishment. Wood density was derived by X-ray densitometry from cores obtained by increment borers. Data was split for cross validation. Optimal models were fine-tuned with training and validation datasets, then run with test datasets for model evaluation metrics. Results confirmed that the application of the Temporal Convolution Network on resistograph profiles enables non-thrive tree identification with the probability, represented by the area under the Receiver Operator Characteristic curve, equal to 0.823. Temporal Convolution Network for wood density prediction showed a slight improvement in accuracy (RMSE = 18.22) compared to the traditional linear (RMSE = 20.15) and non-linear (RMSE = 20.33) regression methods. We suggest that the use of machine learning algorithms can be a promising methodology for the analysis of sequential data from non-destructive devices.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81386029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and structure among four provenances of Gelam (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cumingiana) and implications for gene conservation and rehabilitation of degraded peat swamp forest in Indonesia","authors":"Y. Hadiyan, Widiyatno, I. Nurtjahjaningsih, M. Na’iem, B. Herdyantara, Isno","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2022.2115150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2022.2115150","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gelam (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cumingiana) is an important pioneer species of tropical peat swamp forests in Indonesia. We collected 95 DNA of dry leaf samples in four provenances in Indonesia (South Sumatera, Bangka, South Kalimantan, Papua) and 8 SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic correlation and genetic diversity which plays an important role in providing survival, reducing inbreeding, and preventing inferior offspring to meet forest rehabilitation needs. Our study revealed that the genetic diversity of gelam was comparably high due to geographical isolation and divided into five clusters. The genetic diversity among provenances and individuals within provenances was 7.11% and 14.85%, respectively. Papua showed the highest genetic diversity, based on the effective number of alleles, Shannon index, expected heterozygosity, allelic richness, and number of private alleles. The highest heterozygosity and rare alleles were found in South Kalimantan and Bangka. However, the coefficient of inbreeding was significant within provenances (p < 0.05) for all provenances, indicating inbreeding. We detected significant differences in heterozygosity using a two-phase model and a stepwise mutation model in a bottleneck test, although there was no significant difference when using an infinite allele model. These results suggest that the high genetic diversity among provenances could promote the future breeding programs and develop conservation strategies for gelam.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89578986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary evaluation of anatomical characteristics of four common Mongolian softwoods","authors":"Murzabyek Sarkhad, F. Ishiguri, I. Nezu, H. Aiso, A. Ngadianto, Bayasaa Tumenjargal, Bayartsetseg Baasan, Ganbaatar Chultem, J. Ohshima, S. Yokota","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2022.2090452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2022.2090452","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To effectively and sustainably utilize wood resources from boreal forests in Mongolia, anatomical characteristics, tracheid morphology, cell proportion, annual ring width, and latewood percentage were preliminary determined in Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sibirica, Picea obovata, and Larix sibirica trees naturally growing in Mongolia. Based on the observation, the anatomical characteristics of four common Mongolian softwoods were the same as those previously observed in the same species or the same genus species. Based on the parameters of the Gompertz functions for annual ring width, silvicultural management, such as thinning timing and harvesting age, should be considered depending on the species when the plantation is established. The results of the model selection for relationships between latewood percentage and basic density indicated that the increase ratio of basic density corresponded to an increase of latewood percentage is almost the same irrespective of species, although there are species-specific values of basic density corresponding to specific latewood percentages. The results obtained in the present study contribute effective and sustainable utilization of wood resources from Mongolian forestry.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74206788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Needs analysis and revitalization planning for School Forest Welfare Services using mixed method","authors":"N. Lee, P. Yeon","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2022.2104935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2022.2104935","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study is to identify the needs and suggest a revitalization plan for School Forest Welfare Services in Korea which is defined as “school-based services that provide forest education, forest healing, and cultural and recreational activities in the forest by creating, managing, and utilizing local or in-school forest environments to help children and adolescents develop and improve their quality of life.” To this end, using a mixed method, in-depth interviews and needs surveys were conducted with School Forest Welfare Service experts and teachers and parents of middle and high school students to understand the current status of School Forest Welfare Services and to identify their needs. As regards the current status, the environment for the services was assessed at the “middle” level while the forest welfare program was assessed at the “low” level. On the other hand, all the needs asked were found to be at a “high” level; especially, the needs for the “forest therapy” program, both for the selected group of and all students, were the strongest. In regard to revitalization, “programs linked to regular school curriculum,” “policies and budgets,” “green zone in school area,” and “expert supports by forest healing instructors and forest interpreters” were found to be demanded mostly. As a conclusion of the in-depth interviews and needs surveys, a plan to revitalize School Forest Welfare Services has been derived, which includes such objectives as; (1) to strengthen awareness of the necessity (assigning experts within the responsible institution to provide expertise, strengthening awareness among principals, teachers, and parents, and building social consensus with active publicity), (2) to prepare policy and legal basis, and (3) to establish a support system. This study was conducted to revitalize School Forest Welfare Services for adolescents in Korea, but it is hoped that School Forest Welfare Services will be developed and widely implemented for many children and adolescents around the world through diverse further studies.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77861012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}