JAMA最新文献

{"title":"GLP-1s—From Gut Hormone Discovery to a Public Health Revolution","authors":"Derek C. Angus, Matthew B. O’Connor","doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2026.8923","url":null,"abstract":"The origins of glucagon-like peptide-1s (GLP-1s) and what comes next are discussed by <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">JAMA</jats:italic> Senior Editor Derek C. Angus, MD, MPH, and Jens Juul Holst, MD, DMSc, a professor of medical physiology at the University of Copenhagen, and Lotte Bjerre Knudsen, DMSc, professor, for the <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Healthy Dialogue</jats:italic> podcast.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148768085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Original “Yes”","authors":"Angelika A. Zollfrank","doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.14026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2026.14026","url":null,"abstract":"In this narrative medicine essay, a hospital chaplain exhorts her colleagues to understand the yin and yang of giving and receiving as an act of faith and resistance.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148768086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV Status Exclusion in Sickle Cell Gene Therapy","authors":"Daniel Prior, Lakshmanan Krishnamurti","doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.15933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2026.15933","url":null,"abstract":"This Perspective discusses the ethical, scientific, clinical, and manufacturing implications of excluding patients living with HIV from gene therapies for sickle cell disease.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medications for Alcohol Use Disorder","authors":"Stephen R. Holt","doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.10575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2026.10575","url":null,"abstract":"This JAMA Insights examines US Food and Drug Administration–approved medications for alcohol use disorder, including the dosing, efficacy, and adverse effects of naltrexone, acamprosate, and disulfiram.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily Zinc Supplementation for Infection Prevention in Children With Sickle Cell Anemia","authors":"Ruth Namazzi, Kagan A. Mellencamp, Irene Bagala, Andrea L. Conroy, Charles Kato, Isaac Birungi, Priscilla Kasembo, Gloria Kyarisiima, Emmanuel Tenywa, Jie Ren, Michael J. Goings, Sarah E. Cusick, Chandy C. John","doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.14190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2026.14190","url":null,"abstract":"Importance Despite existing prevention strategies, infections remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children in Africa with sickle cell anemia. Objective To determine the safety and effectiveness of daily zinc supplementation to prevent all-cause infection in children with sickle cell anemia in Uganda. Design, Setting, and Participants A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of children aged 1.00 to 4.99 years with sickle cell anemia at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital in Jinja, Uganda, from February 10, 2025, to April 30, 2025, with 6 months of follow-up through November 7, 2025. Interventions Participants received zinc sulfate at 20 mg daily or placebo daily for 6 months. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was all-cause infections per 100 person-years, using standardized clinical criteria to define infections. Results Among 118 children screened for eligibility, 100 were randomly assigned to receive zinc supplementation (n = 50) or placebo (n = 50) (mean [SD] age, 36.0 [13.2] months; 45 female [45%]). At enrollment, 45 participants (45%) were receiving hydroxyurea therapy. All participants initiated or continued receiving hydroxyurea after enrollment. During the 6-month follow-up, there was complete ascertainment for all participants and no loss to follow-up. There were 80 all-cause infections in the zinc group and 124 in the placebo group, corresponding to a significantly lower infection rate in the zinc group than the placebo group (305.7 [95% CI, 242.4-380.4] infections per 100 person-years vs 480.7 [95% CI, 399.8-573.1] infections per 100 person-years; rate difference, −176.0 [95% CI, −300.8 to −51.3]; incidence rate ratio after adjustment for baseline age, sex, and hydroxyurea use, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.45-0.86]). No adverse events requiring discontinuation of the study intervention were observed in either group. Conclusions and Relevance Zinc supplementation at 20 mg per day reduced all-cause infection in children with sickle cell anemia younger than 5 years in Uganda. Multisite clinical trials are needed to validate these findings and to assess effectiveness in older children. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06561061\">NCT06561061</jats:ext-link>","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to Inpatient Management for Boarding Emergency Department Patients","authors":"Alexander T. Janke, Adrian D. Haimovich, Meaghan Cussen, Christopher M. Fung, Margaret E. Samuels-Kalow, DaMarcus E. Baymon, Yosef Berlyand, Laura G. Burke, Brian W. Patterson, Daniel J. Hekman, Martin S. Copenhaver, Joshua D. Niforatos, Amber K. Sabbatini, M. Kennedy Hall, Ula Hwang, Natalia Sifnugel, Rohit B. Sangal, Arjun K. Venkatesh, George Glass, Richard Andrew Taylor, Rachel M. Skains, Russell L. Griffin, Peter S. Antkowiak, Seth Gemme, Michael Gottlieb, Eric Moyer, Carl T. Berdahl, Sam S. Torbati, Larry A. Nathanson, Evan L. Leventhal, Molly M. Jeffery, Brendan M. Carr, Tehreem Rehman, Samuel E. Sondheim, Kenneth M. Lee, Theodore J. Iwashyna, Ari B. Friedman","doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.13302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2026.13302","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the patient- and hospital-level variation in time to initiation of inpatient management among patients admitted to general medical services.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148754447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood Tests for Colorectal Cancer Screening—What the Updated ACS Guideline Says","authors":"Rita Rubin","doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.11340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2026.11340","url":null,"abstract":"This Medical News article discusses the American Cancer Society’s latest colorectal cancer screening guideline, which now includes a blood test as an option.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148728068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enriching Clinical Trials With Machine Learning","authors":"Roy Perlis","doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.13579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2026.13579","url":null,"abstract":"JAMA+ AI Editor in Chief Roy Perlis, MD, MSc, spoke with Joseph Geraci, PhD, a professor of molecular medicine and pathology at Queen’s University, about applying machine learning methods to plan more efficient clinical trials for the <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">JAMA+ AI Conversations</jats:italic> podcast.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148717848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Breakthrough to Follow-Through—A Public Health Agenda for AI","authors":"Adam L. Beckman, Dave A. Chokshi","doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.16748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2026.16748","url":null,"abstract":"This Viewpoint discusses the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in ensuring that patients eligible for highly effective interventions are identified and receive them.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148717834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focal Therapy for Prostate Cancer","authors":"Andrea Cosenza, David-Dan Nguyen, Zhiyu Qian, Rui Bernardino, Adam Olson, Alexander P. Cole, Benjamin J. Davies, Giorgio Gandaglia, Bruce L. Jacobs, Quoc-Dien Trinh","doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.12411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2026.12411","url":null,"abstract":"This retrospective study uses data from the National Cancer Database to examine patterns and temporal trends in use of focal therapy for prostate cancer in US cancer centers; characterize inappropriate use in low-, high-, or very–high-risk disease; and describe intermediate-risk use.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148717833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}