JAMA最新文献

{"title":"Electronic Sepsis Screening Among Hospital Ward Patients.","authors":"Teva D Brender,Andrew D Auerbach","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.1619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.1619","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The FDA’s Crisis Is Everyone’s Crisis","authors":"Patricia J. Zettler, Nathan G. Cortez","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.6060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.6060","url":null,"abstract":"This Viewpoint discusses the Trump administration’s firings of thousands of US Food and Drug Administration employees and the ramifications of those actions on the agency’s congressionally given public health mission and its user fee obligations.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DeepSeek’s “Low-Cost” Adoption Across China’s Hospital Systems","authors":"Dian Zeng, Yiming Qin, Bin Sheng, Tien Yin Wong","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.6571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.6571","url":null,"abstract":"This Perspective examines the rapid adoption of DeepSeek, a large language model, across Chinese hospitals and the regulatory and governance concerns surrounding the use of artificial intelligence–enabled models in health care.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active Treatment and Survival Trends for Periviable Births by Race and Ethnicity","authors":"Nansi S. Boghossian, Lucy T. Greenberg, Erika M. Edwards, Jeffrey D. Horbar","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.3033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.3033","url":null,"abstract":"This retrospective cohort study analyzes infants born prematurely between 2014 and 2023 to determine changes in the rate of active treatment and in-hospital survival over time and assess differences based on gestational age, race, and ethnicity.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Inhaled Steroid Dispensing to Children After Withdrawal of Brand-Name Fluticasone Propionate","authors":"Kao-Ping Chua, Anna Volerman, Rena M. Conti","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.4154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.4154","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates whether the market withdrawal of brand-name fluticasone propionate was associated with discontinuation of inhaled steroid therapy in children.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bedtime Screen Use Costs Adults Sleep, Study Finds.","authors":"Samantha Anderer","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.4673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.4673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"304 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cuts to HIV Assistance Could Undo Years of Progress.","authors":"Samantha Anderer","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.4672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.4672","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metformin for Knee Osteoarthritis in Patients With Overweight or Obesity","authors":"Feng Pan, Yuanyuan Wang, Yuan Z. Lim, Donna M. Urquhart, Mahnuma Mahfuz Estee, Anita E. Wluka, Rory Wolfe, Flavia M. Cicuttini","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.3471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.3471","url":null,"abstract":"ImportancePreclinical and preliminary human evidence suggests that metformin, a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, reduces inflammation, preserves cartilage, and improves knee pain in knee osteoarthritis.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of metformin on knee pain at 6 months in participants with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis and overweight or obesity.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsCommunity-based randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial that used telemedicine to recruit and follow up participants remotely. Individuals with knee pain for 6 months or longer, a pain score greater than 40 mm on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS), and body mass index of 25 or higher were recruited from the community through local and social media advertisements in Victoria, Australia, between June 16, 2021, and August 1, 2023. Final follow-up occurred on February 8, 2024.InterventionsParticipants were randomly assigned to receive either oral metformin, 2000 mg/d (n = 54), or identical placebo (n = 53) for 6 months.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was change in knee pain, measured using a 100-mm VAS (score range, 0-100; 100 = worst; minimum clinically important difference = 15) at 6 months.ResultsOf 225 participants assessed for eligibility, 107 (48%) were randomized (mean age, 58.8 [SD, 9.5] years; 68% female) and assigned to receive metformin or placebo. Eighty-eight participants (82%) completed the trial. At 6 months, the mean change in VAS pain was −31.3 mm in the metformin group and −18.9 mm in the placebo group (between-group difference, −11.4 mm; 95% CI, −20.1 to −2.6 mm; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = .01), corresponding to an effect size (standardized mean difference) of 0.43 (95% CI, 0.02-0.83). The most common adverse events were diarrhea (8 [15%] in the metformin group and 4 [8%] in the placebo group) and abdominal discomfort (7 [13%] in the metformin group and 5 [9%] in the placebo group).Conclusions and RelevanceThese results support use of metformin for treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in people with overweight or obesity. Because of the modest sample size, confirmation in a larger clinical trial is warranted.Trial RegistrationANZCTR Identifier: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=381914&amp;amp;amp;isReview=true\">ACTRN12621000710820</jats:ext-link>","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study: Diets Rich in Plant-Based Foods Tied to Healthy Aging.","authors":"Samantha Anderer","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.4676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.4676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher BMI Linked With Increased Risk Across Numerous Conditions.","authors":"Samantha Anderer","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.4677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.4677","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}