JAMA最新文献

{"title":"Homelessness Policy-Assessing the Current Federal Approach.","authors":"Katherine A Koh,Jeff Olivet","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.16358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.16358","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Payments to Health Care Professionals and Teaching Hospitals by AI- and Machine Learning-Enabled Medical Device Manufacturers.","authors":"David-Dan Nguyen,Anju Murayama,Tiange Li,Joshua S Cheruvathur,Lina M Freeman,Christopher J D Wallis,Laura C Rosella,Girish S Kulkarni,Genevieve P Kanter,Deborah C Marshall,Joseph S Ross,Allan S Detsky","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.14813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.14813","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levodopa Added to Stroke Rehabilitation: The ESTREL Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Stefan T Engelter,Josefin E Kaufmann,Annaelle Zietz,Andreas R Luft,Alexandros Polymeris,Valerian L Altersberger,Karin Wiesner,Martina Wiegert,Jeremia P O Held,Yannik Rottenberger,Anne Schwarz,Friedrich Medlin,Ettore A Accolla,Sandrine Foucras,Georg Kägi,Gian Marco De Marchis,Svetlana Politz,Matthias Greulich,Alexander A Tarnutzer,Rolf Sturzenegger,Mira Katan,Urs Fischer,Krassen Nedeltchev,Janine Schär,Katrien Van Den Keybus Deglon,Pierre-André Rapin,Alexander Salerno,David J Seiffge,Elias Auer,Julian Lippert,Leo H Bonati,Corina Schuster-Amft,Szabina Gäumann,Joelle N Chabwine,Andrea Humm,J Carsten Möller,Raoul Schweinfurther,Bartosz Bujan,Piotr Jedrysiak,Peter S Sandor,Roman Gonzenbach,Veit Mylius,Dietmar Lutz,Carmen Lienert,Nils Peters,Patrik Michel,René M Müri,Sabine Schädelin,Lars G Hemkens,Gary A Ford,Philippe A Lyrer,Henrik Gensicke,Christopher Traenka, ","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.15185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.15185","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceLevodopa enhances dopaminergic signaling and may stimulate neuroplasticity, which could potentially enhance motor recovery after stroke. Levodopa is used in stroke rehabilitation despite mixed evidence for its effectiveness.ObjectiveTo determine whether levodopa compared with placebo, administered in addition to standardized rehabilitation based on active task-oriented training, is associated with enhanced motor recovery in patients with acute stroke.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial at 13 stroke units and centers and 11 collaborating rehabilitation centers in Switzerland. Between June 14, 2019 (first patient, first visit), and August 27, 2024 (last patient, last visit), 610 patients with acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke with clinically meaningful hemiparesis (ie, a total score of ≥3 points on the following National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale items: motor arm, motor leg, or limb ataxia) were randomized 1:1 to receive levodopa or placebo. Statistical analyses were conducted from November 2024 to August 2025.InterventionPatients received levodopa/carbidopa (100 mg/25 mg; n = 307) or placebo (n = 303) 3 times daily for 39 days, alongside standardized rehabilitation therapy based on active task-oriented training.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the adjusted mean between-group difference in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) total score (range, 0-100 points; fewer points indicate worse motor function; 6-point difference considered patient-relevant) at 3 months.ResultsAmong the 610 participants (median [IQR] age, 73 [64-82] years; 252 [41.3%] female; median baseline FMA total score, 34 [14-54]), 28 participants died by 3 months, leaving 582 (95.4%) participants eligible for the primary analysis. At 3 months, the median (IQR) FMA total score was 68 (42-85) points in the levodopa group and 64 (44-83) points in the placebo group. The mean difference in the FMA total score between the levodopa and placebo groups was -0.90 points (95% CI, -3.78 to 1.98; P = .54). There were 126 serious adverse events in the levodopa group and 129 in the placebo group; the most common was infection (levodopa, n = 55; placebo, n = 44).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial, among patients receiving inpatient rehabilitation for acute stroke, levodopa added to standardized rehabilitation did not significantly improve motor function at 3 months compared with placebo plus standardized rehabilitation. These results do not support the use of levodopa as an adjunct to rehabilitation therapy for enhancing motor recovery after acute stroke.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03735901.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Analysis of Women's Health Initiative Data Aims to \"Clear the Air\" Over Menopausal Hormone Therapy.","authors":"Kate Schweitzer","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.14187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.14187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1 Drugs in Heart Failure, β-Blockers After MI, the Shingles Vaccine, and More From ESC 2025.","authors":"Jennifer Abbasi","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.15515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.15515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal Spray May Help Prevent COVID-19 Infection.","authors":"Samantha Anderer","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.13883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.13883","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substance Exposures Linked to Self-Harm Increase in Preteens.","authors":"Samantha Anderer","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.13884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.13884","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HHS Demands Nutrition Education Reforms in Medical Schools.","authors":"Samantha Anderer","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.13882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.13882","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Rule: Real-Time Drug Prices and Electronic Prior Authorizations.","authors":"Samantha Anderer","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.13879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.13879","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More Than Half of US Overdose Deaths Now Involve Stimulants.","authors":"Samantha Anderer","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.13881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.13881","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}