JAMA最新文献

{"title":"Intrusion in the Practice of Medicine","authors":"Susannah Baruch, Louise P. King, Carmel Shachar","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.1381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.1381","url":null,"abstract":"This Viewpoint discusses the importance of medical professionals and experts protecting modern medicine and public health by defending the profession’s unique expertise and ability to set the standard of care.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"57 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who Should Own Americans’ Health Care?","authors":"David U. Himmelstein, Robert Kuttner, Steffie Woolhandler","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.28565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.28565","url":null,"abstract":"This Viewpoint discusses the collapse of the Steward Health Care system as a case in point of the salience of proprietorship in health care, the problem of private equity firms’ business models emphasizing short-term gains, and the conflict between financial ambition and clinical mission.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143393139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving Toward Implementation of Responsible Artificial Intelligence in Health Care","authors":"Michel E. van Genderen, Ilse M. J. Kant, Carlo Tacchetti, Stefan Jovinge","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.1335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.1335","url":null,"abstract":"This Viewpoint discusses the Trustworthy and Responsible AI Network Europe (TRAIN-Europe) consortium, an effort of medical and AI experts to oversee, develop, and share ethical practices through collaboration and technological solutions designed to implement responsible AI practices.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary Hormonal Contraception and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism","authors":"Harman Gailan Hassan Yonis, Lina Steinrud Mørch, Ellen Løkkegaard, Kristian Kragholm, Amalie Lykkemark Møller, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Amani Meaidi","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.28778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.28778","url":null,"abstract":"This study assesses the risk of venous thromboembolism of different forms of hormonal contraception, including pills with estrogen and progestin, vaginal rings, patches, progestin-only pills, intrauterine devices, implants, and injections.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Launching the Trustworthy and Responsible AI Network (TRAIN)","authors":"Peter J. Embí, David C. Rhew, Eric D. Peterson, Michael. J. Pencina","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.1331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.1331","url":null,"abstract":"This Viewpoint lays out the genesis of Trustworthy and Responsible AI Network (TRAIN) and strategies for ensuring effective and safe use of AI throughout the US health care system.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"1 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race and Ethnicity in Biomedical Research","authors":"Neil R. Powe, Ruqaiijah Yearby, M. Roy Wilson","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.28390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.28390","url":null,"abstract":"This Viewpoint discusses recommendations to rethink and redesign the use of race and ethnicity in biomedical research and provides steps to facilitate the process.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obecabtagene Autoleucel for B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","authors":"Najat Bouchkouj, Donna Przepiorka, Lola A. Fashoyin-Aje","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.28312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.28312","url":null,"abstract":"This JAMA Insights discusses the recent FDA approval of obecabtagene autoleucel for adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and provides regulatory considerations.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a Clinical Decision Support System for Imaging Requests","authors":"Stijntje W. Dijk, Claudia Wollny, Joerg Barkhausen, Olav Jansen, Peter Mildenberger, Moritz C. Halfmann, Jonas Stroeder, Dimitris Rizopoulos, M. G. Myriam Hunink, Thomas Kroencke","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.27853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.27853","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceGiven the widespread use of medical imaging, evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to improve appropriateness is crucial for optimizing health care resources and patient outcomes.ObjectiveTo assess the effects of implementing a clinical decision support system (CDSS), the European Society of Radiology iGuide, on the appropriateness of the medical imaging ordering behavior of physicians.Design and SettingA cluster randomized clinical trial with 26 departments at 3 German university hospitals acting as clusters, incorporating a before and after discontinued design. All imaging requests originating from physicians in the participating departments over a 2.5-year period were included (between December 2021 and June 2024).InterventionsAll departments started without a CDSS and required structured clinical indication data entry and tracking of requested imaging. After randomization, 13 clusters (departments at hospitals) received the CDSS intervention (intervention clusters) and 13 clusters did not (control clusters). The CDSS intervention provided ordering physicians with information as to whether their imaging requests were appropriate, appropriate under certain conditions, or inappropriate; in addition, alternative diagnostic tests, including the corresponding appropriateness score, were suggested by the CDSS, after which physicians could choose to modify their imaging requests.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome measure was the proportion of inappropriate imaging requests made per department. A difference-in-differences analysis was used to investigate changes in the proportion of inappropriate imaging requests between departments with vs those without the CDSS.ResultsA total of 65 764 imaging requests were scored using the CDSS; 50.1% of imaging requests were for female patients and the mean patient age was 64 years (SD, 17.1 years). Prior to implementation of the CDSS, there were 21 625 imaging requests from the control clusters, 1367 (6.3%) of which were categorized as inappropriate; and there were 13 338 imaging requests from the intervention clusters, 1007 (7.6%) of which were categorized as inappropriate. After implementation of the CDSS, there were 10 055 imaging requests from the control clusters, 518 (5.2%) of which were categorized as inappropriate; and there were 7206 imaging requests from the intervention clusters, 461 (6.4%) of which were categorized as inappropriate. The intervention clusters showed a similar reduction (mean difference, −0.5% [99% CI, −2.4% to 0.4%]) in inappropriate imaging requests compared with the control clusters (mean difference, −1.8% [99% CI, −4.3% to −0.4%]) and there was a difference-in-differences value of 1.3 percentage points (99% CI, −2.0 to 1.8 percentage points; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = .69), which was not statistically significant.Conclusions and RelevanceThe CDSS did not reduce the number of inappropriate imaging requests ordered by physicians in academic hospital se","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landmark Study Aims to Enroll 100 000 Black Women to Investigate Their Cancer Risks and Outcomes","authors":"Anna Bock","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.0074","url":null,"abstract":"This Medical News article discusses the American Cancer Society’s VOICES of Black Women population cohort study, the largest ever study of Black women in the US.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143258409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drinking Alcohol Causes Certain Cancers, So Why Don’t Labels Warn About That?","authors":"Rita Rubin","doi":"10.1001/jama.2025.0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.0073","url":null,"abstract":"This Medical News article discusses updating health warning labels on alcoholic beverages to include the fact that drinking alcohol causes certain cancers, with examples of initiatives in Canada, Ireland, and South Korea.","PeriodicalId":518009,"journal":{"name":"JAMA","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143258638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}