Mediterranean Architectural Heritage最新文献

{"title":"Physico-Chemical and Mechanical Characteristics of Traditional Marrakech Lime","authors":"N. Aqelmoun","doi":"10.21741/9781644903117-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. To tackle the problem of construction-related pollution, especially the greenhouse effects mainly caused by carbon dioxide emissions, governments have begun to encourage the use of traditional building materials and techniques characterized by their low carbon impact. Among these alternatives is Marrakech lime, produced using traditional processes. Historically, it has been used to produce a special mortar known as Tadlakt, an ancestral Amazigh skill used to waterproof parts in contact with water. In order to identify other ways of adding value to Marrakech lime, a literature search was launched. Physico-chemical and mechanical characterization was also carried out on samples of traditional lime concrete sold in the Moroccan market under the name ''Jer de Gram''. Morphological and mineralogical analyses were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the lime examined is slightly hydraulic of varied forms, it is mainly composed of calcite, belite, calcium oxides, silicon, and carbons. Crushing tests show a low compressive strength of traditional lime concrete, not exceeding 1 MPa in the best cases, an unexpected result that contradicts the literature. The reason lies in the sandy nature of the aggregates and the traditional lime production process, which does not allow for effective quality control of the final product.","PeriodicalId":517987,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Architectural Heritage","volume":" 99","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140392348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tire-Based Anti-Seismic Fibers to Increase the Ductility of Traditional Hydraulic Lime Concrete","authors":"Abderrahim Belabid","doi":"10.21741/9781644903117-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Fibers have been widely used in construction since antiquity to reinforce raw earth or lime-based mortar. They prevent the propagation of micro-cracks and improve cohesion and shear strength. High-elasticity and plasticity fibers also enhance the material's capacity to absorb energy. The aim of this paper is to investigate the possibility of improving the seismic behavior of traditional buildings through the incorporation of fibers extracted from waste tires known for their high ductility. The objective is to recycle this non-biodegradable waste and utilize its mechanical characteristics to enhance the seismic performance of traditional buildings. Rubber fibers were incorporated at a rate of 1.5% and 3% on a comparative traditional hydraulic lime concrete. Ductility parameters are estimated from the analysis of stress-strain diagrams obtained by applying uniaxial compression tests in accordance with French standards NF P94-420, and NF P94-425. The results show a significant improvement in the traditional hydraulic lime concrete ductility after the addition of fibers made from tire waste. This method will enable the recycling of tire waste, environmental protection, and enhanced seismic performance of traditional structures. The aspects to be addressed for the development of research fields on earthquake-resistant fiber technology were also formulated.","PeriodicalId":517987,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Architectural Heritage","volume":"3 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140283992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Cultural Dimensions in Sustainable Tourism: Carrying Capacity Assessment and GIS-based Management Strategies for Historic Buildings","authors":"Sana Simou","doi":"10.21741/9781644903117-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-33","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This research delves into the sustainability of tourism at Tour Hassan, a historic building in Morocco, by examining its carrying capacity and implementing GIS-based management strategies. As a significant cultural heritage site, Tour Hassan draws a considerable number of visitors. The study involves a comprehensive assessment of the site's carrying capacity, encompassing visitor flow analysis, infrastructure evaluation, and spatial limitations. Informed management strategies are then devised based on these findings. Leveraging Geographic Information Systems (GIS), data-driven decision-making processes are employed to optimize visitor experiences while safeguarding the historical building's integrity. This case study provides valuable insights into the effective management of tourism in historic sites, ensuring their long-term conservation and sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":517987,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Architectural Heritage","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Thermal Insulation and Mechanical Properties of Building Bricks made from Moroccan Clay","authors":"Mohammed Chrachmy","doi":"10.21741/9781644903117-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-28","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study aims to improve the thermal of insulation properties of fired bricks based on clay from the Drâa-Tafilalet region (Es-sifa), using coffee waste without losing mechanical properties. Samples were produced on a laboratory scale by shaping, similar to a feasible industrial production technique. The raw material was first characterized using various analytical techniques such as XRD and TGA/DTA. Secondly, we optimized the main parameters affecting the properties of the bricks, such as particle size, aging time, drying time, final sintering temperature and the percentage of agent porosity. These parameters are assessed by mechanical strength and porosity tests. Examination of results the optimization following results: the particle size is less than 180 µm, the aging time and the drying time are three and four days respectively, while the sintering temperature is 1050 °C and the percentage of coffee waste used as a porosity agent is 4%. Introducing coffee waste to the brick reduces weight and improves thermal and acoustic properties by creating pores during firing. These results are very promising for exploiting these materials as base materials in the manufacture of building bricks with important properties.","PeriodicalId":517987,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Architectural Heritage","volume":" 63","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovation and Resilience in the Redevelopment, Restoration and Digitalisation Strategies of Architectural Heritage","authors":"Consiglia Mocerino","doi":"10.21741/9781644903117-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-35","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The architectural heritage is the expression of the vast cultural heritage, as a set of cultural and landscape assets, of the different national or international territorialities, which indicates in the connective of the heterogeneous urban, rural and mountain landscape areas, an inestimable value of the monumental historical buildings. The various transformative factors of administrative management and socio-economic cultural type, monitored by quality and compatibility indicators, distinguish different realities over time, in which technological innovations prevail. The objectives are the valorisation and resilience of the architectural heritage at different scales, for the reduction of seismic vulnerability and prevention against natural disasters (floods, erosions, seismic risk, exposure to ultraviolet rays, etc.) and climate crisis, through a model operational that focuses on various innovative strategies that also guarantee an adaptive reuse with a view to sustainability. The intervention criteria on the historical monumental building are according to a project that distinguishes the historical/cultural values with the use of innovative technologies and energy efficiency with the use of innovative materials, for safety needs, fire resistance, integrability, appearance, etc. according to indicators of environmental sustainability and chemical/physical, dimensional, energetic compatibility, etc. with zero environmental impact. Both in line and in cooperation with ICCROM, UNESCO, UNFCCC, Paris Agreement, ICOMOS, New Technology, COP27 Cleantech, etc. The methodological approach is based on phases of documentary collection, mapping, cognitive analysis, cognitive analysis of the architectural heritage privileging the diagnostic aspect, on a meta-project with verification, interdisciplinarity, monitoring and control of the definitive project. Use of innovative smart non-invasive technologies with properties of durability, flexibility, mechanical resistance, thermal conductivity, etc. with nanobiotechnology, innovative materials such as fiberglass mesh and reinforcing bars, on the internal surfaces, socks of artificial micro steel strands for the consolidation and linking between the pre-existing and new walls, of pillars, columns, etc. Use of technologies, local construction techniques and indigenous materials for raw earth buildings, FRCM (Fibre/Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix/Mortar), FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) composites in epoxy or polyester resins with carbon fibers, glass, aramid and boron polymers, for reinforced concrete products, etc.360° video technology, for immersive use both for document management in the archive database and for interactively viewing reconstructed monuments etc., acquisition of 3D models with non-contact 3D scanning technology to preserve and transmit object data in the future. Redevelopment strategies with energy retrofit as part of urban regeneration, sustainable architectural restoration, recov","PeriodicalId":517987,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Architectural Heritage","volume":" 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Characterization of Stone Flooring “Calçada Marble”, in Lisbon, Portugal","authors":"Mohamed EL OMARI","doi":"10.21741/9781644903117-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-31","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Lisbon \"Calçada\" sidewalks have a traditional style made of small flat and irregular cobblestones, representing magnificent mosaics. This work presents the characterization and identification of the mineralogical phases of sidewalk stones, originating from Lisbon, Portugal. Samples referenced MEKPBL (white) and MEKPNL (grey-black) were studied by means of Raman spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR and XRD. All Raman spectra show a strong band around 1089 cm-1 which can be attributed to the v1-symmetric stretching mode of (CO3)2-, indicating that calcite is the main crystal phase in both samples. All Raman spectra of MEKPNL show also graphite fingerprints localized around 1329 cm-1 and 1607 cm-1, which are characteristic respectively of the D and G peaks of the carbonaceous material. These carbonaceous materials are the substance responsible of the grey-black color to these stones. Furthermore, the Raman spectra of the MEKPNL sample show also a weak Raman band located at 460 cm-1 which can be attributed to the symmetrical stretching of Si-O-Si, characteristic of the α-quartz. Furthermore, ATR-FTIR and XRD analyses supported the Raman results.","PeriodicalId":517987,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Architectural Heritage","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Raw Moroccan Clay as a Potential Adsorbent for the Removal of Malachite Green Dye from an Aqueous Solution: Adsorption Parameters Evaluation and Thermodynamic Study","authors":"Mohammed Chrachmy","doi":"10.21741/9781644903117-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-27","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study uses raw clay from the Es-sifa (REC) territorial commune in the region of Draa-Tafilalet, Morocco, for malachite green (MG) adsorption from an aqueous medium. The characterization of clay was ensured by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and determining the Point of Zero Charge pH. Moreover, five parameters were considered to regulate the adsorption process, including time of contact, initial dye concentration, mass of the adsorbent, stirring speed, and temperature. The finding displayed that equilibrium was reached after only 40 minutes of contact. The maximum adsorption amount achieved was 89.61 mg/g for a dye concentration of 10-4 M at 25 °C, using a REC mass of 0.10 g. According to the thermodynamic study, the endothermicity and spontaneity of MG adsorption were disclosed. Malachite green's fixation on the REC surface was verified by comparing the clay FTIR spectra before and after adsorption.","PeriodicalId":517987,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Architectural Heritage","volume":" 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Bricks based on Clay and Stabilized with Reed Fibers from the Drâa-Tafilalet Region","authors":"Azzeddine El GHOMARI","doi":"10.21741/9781644903117-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the field of sustainable construction, it is imperative to find environmentally-friendly materials with optimized performance. The present study examines a comprehensive exploration of the untapped potential for using natural resources in the Drâa-Tafilale region, focusing on the incorporation of reed fibers into traditional clay bricks, a naturally abundant and renewable resource. The design of reed fiber-stabilized bricks was carried out using six distinct mixes, mainly differentiated by their reed fiber content, ranging from 0% to 5%. Initial observations highlighted the promising potential of reed fibers. Increasing the reed fiber content in a mix improves the mechanical strength of clay brick compositions (at 1% reed fiber). However, above this threshold, the inclusion of reed fibers led to a decrease in tensile and compressive strength. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the samples decreased with increasing fiber content. Furthermore, brick density decreased with increasing fiber percentage.","PeriodicalId":517987,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Architectural Heritage","volume":" 67","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140392110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Digital Survey Methodologies for Late Medieval Fortifications in Tuscany: The Fortress of Malmantile","authors":"Giovanni Pancani","doi":"10.21741/9781644903117-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-38","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The “castle of Malmantile”, on the hills of Lastra a Signa, was built with the intention of strengthening the Florentine defenses against the rival city of Pisa. It represents one of the most interesting examples of late medieval fortification that has best preserved the entirety of the walls. It was originally built as a military outpost along the ancient road that connected Florence to Pisa. Following the downgrading of the military defense role, it became an inhabited center, a reference point for the surrounding fertile countryside. The data acquisition was carried out in three different survey campaigns, the first two carried out between 2009 and 2010 and the last, completed and updated, carried out in July 2018. The restitution work was carried out to give a complete representation of the place, its constructive characteristics and its state of conservation / decay. Exhaustive thematic maps have been extracted from the obtained documents, which have provided an adequate account of the conditions of the places.","PeriodicalId":517987,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Architectural Heritage","volume":" 100","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140392213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Architectures Along the Cultural Route of James I of Aragon in the Province of Valencia: Leveraging Laser Scanning and BIM for Heritage Management","authors":"Sandro Parrinello","doi":"10.21741/9781644903117-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-36","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This research explores the traditional architectures along the cultural route of James I of Aragon in the province of Valencia, with a particular focus on the implementation of Laser Scanning and Building Information Modeling (BIM) technologies for heritage management. The study centers on a prominent case study, the Almonecir Castle located in the province of Castellon, near Valencia, where a comprehensive 3D model has been constructed using BIM to showcase the castle's evolutionary stages from its Arab origins to its current state. The research highlights the benefits of adopting laser scanning and BIM technologies in heritage management, specifically in the context of the Almonecir Castle. By digitizing and preserving the architectural evolution of this significant historical site, these technologies play a crucial role in safeguarding cultural heritage and enhancing visitor experiences. Moreover, the study sheds light on the potential for widespread application of laser scanning and BIM in managing and conserving other traditional architectures along the cultural route of James I of Aragon in the province of Valencia and beyond. In conclusion, this research exemplifies the transformative impact of laser scanning and BIM technologies in preserving and interpreting historical architectural treasures. The study advocates for the integration of these advanced tools in heritage management practices, facilitating a more profound understanding and appreciation of the cultural heritage that has shaped the province of Valencia throughout its illustrious history.","PeriodicalId":517987,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Architectural Heritage","volume":"14 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140283930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}