Current Psychiatry Reviews最新文献_第8页

Retinal Imaging: A New Tool for Studying Underlying Liability to Cardiovascular Disease in Schizophrenia 视网膜成像：研究精神分裂症患者心血管疾病潜在责任的新工具

Current Psychiatry Reviews Pub Date : 2017-01-17 DOI: 10.2174/1573400512666160927145417

M. Meier, Melanie L. Hill, N. Breitborde

{"title":"Retinal Imaging: A New Tool for Studying Underlying Liability to Cardiovascular Disease in Schizophrenia","authors":"M. Meier, Melanie L. Hill, N. Breitborde","doi":"10.2174/1573400512666160927145417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573400512666160927145417","url":null,"abstract":"Despite evidence that individuals with schizophrenia are disproportionately affected by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, it is unclear if individuals with schizophrenia have an underlying liability to cardiovascular diseases or if these diseases are a consequence of psychotic illness (e.g., antipsychotic medications, sedentary lifestyle). To resolve this, we must study cardiovascular disease risk factors in individuals in the early stages of illness with limited exposure to antipsychotic medications (i.e., individuals with first-episode psychosis) and in unaffected relatives of individuals with schizophrenia. Here we review evidence of cardiovascular risk in individuals with first-episode psychosis and in unaffected relatives of individuals with schizophrenia. We identify a gap in research on cardiovascular risk in these populations, namely the lack of studies that directly visualize the vasculature, and we introduce a novel technology, retinal imaging, that may be useful for directly visualizing the vasculature and clarifying pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie both schizophrenia and cardiovascular disease. We conclude with suggestions for priorities in future research using retinal imaging.","PeriodicalId":51774,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48203282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Building Early Intervention Services for Psychotic Disorders: A Primer for Early Adopters in the U.S. 为精神疾病建立早期干预服务:美国早期采用者入门

Current Psychiatry Reviews Pub Date : 2017-01-17 DOI: 10.2174/1573400512666160927142133

J. Pollard, J. Cahill, V. Srihari

{"title":"Building Early Intervention Services for Psychotic Disorders: A Primer for Early Adopters in the U.S.","authors":"J. Pollard, J. Cahill, V. Srihari","doi":"10.2174/1573400512666160927142133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573400512666160927142133","url":null,"abstract":"Recent developments in the U.S. healthcare policy signal a growing commitment to early intervention for psychotic disorders. A growing international and U.S. research database supports the effectiveness of specialty team-based models adapted to care for young individuals with recent onset psychosis. The RAISE (Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode) initiative, sponsored by the NIMH (National Institute of Mental Health), has defined such Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) services as a new benchmark for care across the U.S., and published a variety of resources to support dissemination. Funding initiatives led by the center for Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services (SAMHSA), and support from other national organizations, have catalyzed interest in community agencies across the country. We offer guidance to such early adopters and supplement extant resources with a focus on the process of setting up such programs. Adopters have numerous decisions to make. These include determining admission criteria, structuring care processes to maximize impact, choosing from several empirically based interventions, and resourcing workforce development. We provide a guide to salient resources, and lessons learned from a decade old CSC, to aid in these complex decisions. We end with a discussion of limitations in the current knowledge base, and the need for responsive research. Early intervention services can engender application of demonstrably effective treatment, while also providing platforms for research to improve and develop new treatments. Collaborations between a wide variety of government, academic and commercial stakeholders will be essential to realize the transformative public health impact of early intervention for psychotic disorders.","PeriodicalId":51774,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44012119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Issues of Cohabitation Among Siblings when a Member Suffers from Schizophrenia 当一个成员患有精神分裂症时，兄弟姐妹之间同居的问题

Current Psychiatry Reviews Pub Date : 2017-01-17 DOI: 10.2174/1573400512666160630123551

Hélène Davtian, R. Scelles

引用次数: 0

The Double-Edged Nature of Recovery in First-Episode Psychosis 首发精神病康复的双刃剑性质

Current Psychiatry Reviews Pub Date : 2017-01-17 DOI: 10.2174/1573400512666160927143712

E. Rubinstein, N. Breitborde

引用次数: 1

Epigenetics and Perinatal Depression 表观遗传学与围产期抑郁症

Current Psychiatry Reviews Pub Date : 2017-01-17 DOI: 10.2174/1573400512666160527170843

Carlos Sabas Cruz Fuentes, M. Flores-Ramos, Philippe Leff, Armando Carvajal-Lohr, G. Martinez-Levy, J. Grajeda, Lorena R-B. Ramirez

引用次数: 0

Systematic review of the reliability and validity of translated interview measures of psychotic symptoms 精神病症状访谈量表翻译的信度和效度的系统评价

Current Psychiatry Reviews Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573400512666160620094320

H. Assudani, O. Mason

{"title":"Systematic review of the reliability and validity of translated interview measures of psychotic symptoms","authors":"H. Assudani, O. Mason","doi":"10.2174/1573400512666160620094320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573400512666160620094320","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Semi/Structured interview measures of psychotic symptoms are often translated for use in non-English speaking populations. These vary widely in quality and reported psychometric properties. OBJECTIVE: The evidence for the reliability and validity of translated measures is systematically reviewed using identified quality criteria. METHOD: Studies were identified through systematic searches of PsychINFO, Medline, Embase with follow-up manual searches. Only studies published in English were included. RESULTS: Twenty three studies utilising 11 different semi/structured interview measures were identified. Ten studies reported adequate psychometric properties of the translated measures. Nine had mixed reports and 4 reported poor psychometric properties. European languages (Italian, Spanish, German and French) are well represented, together with reasonable availability for Japanese and Chinese (Mandarin and Cantonese). CONCLUSION: This review highlighted a large gap in published research of translated measures for psychosis—though this is a rapidly changing field. Many cultures and languages are omitted (particularly non-European), or may face difficulties with semantic equivalence.","PeriodicalId":51774,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68157134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overview of Short-Term and Long-Term Safety of Brexpiprazole in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Inadequate Response to Antidepressant Treatment Brexpiprazole治疗重度抑郁症及抗抑郁药物治疗反应不足患者的短期和长期安全性综述

Current Psychiatry Reviews Pub Date : 2016-08-31 DOI: 10.2174/1573400512666160816095900

J. Nelson, Peter Zhang, A. Skuban, M. Hobart, C. Weiss, E. Weiller, M. Thase

{"title":"Overview of Short-Term and Long-Term Safety of Brexpiprazole in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Inadequate Response to Antidepressant Treatment","authors":"J. Nelson, Peter Zhang, A. Skuban, M. Hobart, C. Weiss, E. Weiller, M. Thase","doi":"10.2174/1573400512666160816095900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573400512666160816095900","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not respond adequately to first-line antidepressant treatment (ADT). Adjunctive treatment with second-generation antipsychotics has demonstrated efficacy for patients with MDD, but is limited by tolerability and safety issues. The recently introduced serotonin-dopamine activity modulator, brexpiprazole, has demonstrated efficacy as an adjunctive treatment for MDD. Objective/Method: We report tolerability and safety results for adjunctive brexpiprazole from four 6-week short-term (ST; pooled phase 2 and 3, placebo-controlled) and two 52-week long-term (LT; pooled, openlabel) studies. Results: Approximately 90% of patients completed the ST studies, and 48.8% of patients completed the LT studies. In the ST studies, 2.9% of patients discontinued because of an adverse event (AE); in the LT studies, 14.1% of patients discontinued because of an AE. In the ST and LT studies, the most frequently reported treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs) were akathisia (8.6% and 10.0%, respectively) and weight gain (7.3% and 25.5%, respectively). Rates of sedation and somnolence were low (ST and LT: sedation, 0.8% and 3.7%, respectively; somnolence, 3.4% and 9.4%, respectively). In the ST and LT studies, brexpiprazole was associated with small changes in metabolic parameters and moderate weight increase. Conclusions: Collectively, these data suggest brexpiprazole is well tolerated as an adjunctive treatment for MDD.","PeriodicalId":51774,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1573400512666160816095900","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68157145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Beyond the Synapse and Hebb's Rule: Is the Rest of the Neuron More Important for Psychiatric Disorders? 超越突触和赫布法则:神经元的其余部分对精神疾病更重要吗?

Current Psychiatry Reviews Pub Date : 2016-08-31 DOI: 10.2174/1573400512666160216234104

C. Braun, Yanick Leblanc-Sirois

引用次数: 1

Adaptive behavior in williams-beuren syndrome, down syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder williams-beuren综合征，唐氏综合征和自闭症谱系障碍的适应行为

Current Psychiatry Reviews Pub Date : 2016-08-31 DOI: 10.2174/1573400512666160316004812

C. Cole, Beatriz L. Araripe, Ivaldo Silva, C. S. Paula, S. Caetano, A. Jackowski

{"title":"Adaptive behavior in williams-beuren syndrome, down syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder","authors":"C. Cole, Beatriz L. Araripe, Ivaldo Silva, C. S. Paula, S. Caetano, A. Jackowski","doi":"10.2174/1573400512666160316004812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573400512666160316004812","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive behavior (AB) is defined as the skills acquired in response to everyday life demands. AB profiles of genetic syndromes have been proposed, but the literature on them has not been conclusive, mainly due to the large number of these syndromes and marked within-profile variability. The aim of the present study was to analyze the different ABs observed in subjects with Williams-Beuren Syndrome (WBS), Down Syndrome (DS) and Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through a literature review using the PubMed and Scopus database. The results indicated that Socialization strongly affects WBS; however, this group demonstrated the greatest amount of difficulty in the domain of daily living. The DS group demonstrated better performance in Socialization and Daily Living compared to Communication. The ASD group displayed better performance in Daily Living and Communication and the worst performance in socialization. Although the reviewed studies appear to demonstrate controversial results related to how ABs occur in each group, the main skills and shortages remained similar to each corresponding diagnostic behavioral characteristic. We conclude that it is possible to build AB profiles in the analyzed diagnostic groups, and we believe that these profiles may facilitate the construction of intervention plans.","PeriodicalId":51774,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68156930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of Adjunctive Brexpiprazole in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Clinical Overview 辅助布雷哌唑治疗重度抑郁症的疗效:临床综述

Current Psychiatry Reviews Pub Date : 2016-08-31 DOI: 10.2174/1573400512999160901094451

M. Thase, Peter Zhang, A. Skuban, M. Hobart, C. Weiss, E. Weiller, J. Nelson

{"title":"Efficacy of Adjunctive Brexpiprazole in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Clinical Overview","authors":"M. Thase, Peter Zhang, A. Skuban, M. Hobart, C. Weiss, E. Weiller, J. Nelson","doi":"10.2174/1573400512999160901094451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573400512999160901094451","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To summarize efficacy data from two phase 2 and two phase 3 short-term, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of brexpiprazole adjunctive to antidepressant treatments (ADTs) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) with inadequate response to ADTs. Methods: Patients with MDD who were inadequate responders to 1–3 prior ADTs entered an 8-week single-blind prospective treatment phase on physician-determined ADT. Patients with inadequate response throughout the prospective treatment phase were randomized to receive either placebo or brexpiprazole (phase 2: flexible dosage 0.15–3.0 mg/day; phase 3: fixed-dosages 1, 2, or 3 mg/day) as adjunctive treatment to their ADT. The primary endpoint was change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score from baseline to week 6. Results: Phase 2 studies suggested brexpiprazole doses of 1–3 mg/day were effective as an adjunctive therapy. These observations were confirmed across the two phase 3 studies utilizing a pooled placebo group versus brexpiprazole 1, 2, and 3 mg/day and a pooled analysis of all four studies (brexpiprazole 1–3 mg/day). Greater improvements were observed in MADRS total score with brexpiprazole+ADT versus placebo+ADT (1 mg/day, p<0.01; 2 mg/day, p<0.01; 3 mg/day, p<0.001; brexpiprazole 1–3 mg/day, p<0.0001). Conclusion: Adjunctive brexpiprazole is an efficacious treatment option for patients with MDD and inadequate response to ADT. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00797966; NCT01052077; NCT01360632; NCT01360645.","PeriodicalId":51774,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1573400512999160901094451","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68157191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9