Strabismus最新文献

{"title":"An evaluation of 30 years' experience in the use of botulinum toxin injections in the management of sixth nerve palsies.","authors":"Pia Schneider, Anne Bjerre","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2420707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273972.2024.2420707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Intrroduction: </strong>Sixth nerve palsy is the most common type of extraocular muscle palsy. The therapy options in sixth nerve palsies include monitoring with or without conservative treatment, botulinum toxin injections or strabismus surgery. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare botulinum toxin (BT) injections into the medial rectus to conservative treatment in sixth nerve palsies. The rate of patients improved after intervention and treatment outcomes for the two treatment options were be evaluated at a German tertiary referral center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A service evaluation was conducted on adult patients with sixth nerve palsy. Patient files were reviewed and data including abduction deficit and size of deviation were collected retrospectively. Patients which presented between January 1987 and April 2022 were considered. Patients were allocated into two treatment groups: BT injected into medial rectus or conservative treatment, which included observation, providing occlusion and Fresnel prisms. Inclusion criteria were attendance of two visits with orthoptic assessment. Exclusion criteria included presence of further oculomotor palsies, strabismus, strabismus surgery and suppression. Non-parametric statistical analysis was conducted using IBM® SPSS Statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 606 adult patients with unilateral or bilateral sixth nerve palsy attended during the named period. A total of 137 adult patients met the inclusion criteria. Of which, 36 had a bilateral palsy, 101 had a unilateral palsy. 45.26% (<i>n</i> = 62) were treated with BT injections and 54.75% (<i>n</i> = 75) were treated conservatively. The median initial abduction deficit was greater in the BT group, (-4 to -5 after Scott and Kraft) than in the conservative treatment group (-1). The initial angle of deviation at distance was significantly larger in the BT group than in the conservative treatment group (<i>p</i> =  <0.001). The rate of improvement in the BT group was 24.19% (<i>n</i> = 15) and 20% (<i>n</i> = 15) in the conservative treatment group. When excluding longstanding palsies rates of improvement in both groups increased to 28.85%. The improvement of the angle of deviation at distance in all patients was greater in the BT group (<i>p</i> = <.001). The improvement of abduction in bilateral palsies were greater in the BT group (<i>p</i> = .016), but in unilateral palsies, there was no significant difference in abduction improvement in the two treatment groups (OD <i>p</i> = .3, OS <i>p</i> = .406).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This service evaluation found that BT injection into medial rectus in unilateral and bilateral sixth nerve palsies did not increase the rate of improvement compared to conservative treatment. But BT injections reduced the angle of deviation to a greater extent than conservative treatment. Additionally, BT was able to improve abduction in bilateral palsies to a greater extent ","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the diagnostic parameters of the amblyopia and risk factors for amblyopia screening protocol in 3-year-olds according to recommendations from the French Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AFSOP) compared with reference ophthalmological examination: the ORTHOPHTALMO study.","authors":"Léopoldine Lequeux, Christelle Bonifas, Anne Alby, Célia Bontron, Camille Brovelli, Justine Huygens, Olivier Norbert, Caroline Pey, Léa Martinez, Dominique Thouvenin Md","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2422418","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2422418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>: The ORTHOPHTALMO study aims to evaluate the diagnostic parameters of the screening protocol for amblyopia and risk factors for amblyopia in 3-year-olds recommended in 2019 by the French Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AFSOP). This protocol uses visual acuity, photoscreening refraction, and cover test examination performed by an orthoptist. Patient referral to an ophthalmologist is only according to recommended referral criteria. <i>Methods</i>: A prospective, single-center study was performed between September 2020 and June 2021 on a consecutive series of 3-year-olds consulting the Ophthalmology Centre of Clinique Rive Gauche, Toulouse, France, for vision screening. Patients were first examined by an orthoptist following the screening protocol recommended by AFSOP. All patients were then systematically examined by an ophthalmologist for cycloplegic refraction measurement (reference examination). The ophthalmologist was blinded to the referral conclusion and refraction measurements of the orthoptist. <i>Results</i>: A total of 300 patients (149 girls and 151 boys) were included. Examination by an orthoptist was unreliable/incomplete in 7% of cases. An abnormality was detected by the orthoptist in ≥1 of the screening tests among 42% of patients; these patients were thus considered as requiring referral to an ophthalmologist. Reference ophthalmological examination found 41% of patients required treatment. The diagnostic parameters of this screening protocol were 90% for sensitivity and 89% for specificity. <i>Discussion</i>: We validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the AFSOP screening protocol for detection of amblyopia and risk factors for amblyopia in 3-year-olds as well as the recommended criteria for referral to an ophthalmologist.ClinicalTrials.gov https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04395560.Number: NCT04395560.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social media and amblyopia: evaluating content and intent on Instagram.","authors":"Sarah McCord, Angela Ngo, Courtney L Kraus","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2425334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273972.2024.2425334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>: Social media is a widely-used avenue for the public to find health information. In particular, Instagram is a popular social media platform among adults who may have children within the amblyogenic age range, and it may be used to find amblyopia-related information. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of the amblyopia information on Instagram. <i>Methods</i>: The top 200 publicly available Instagram posts about amblyopia from October to December 2022 were reviewed and scored using the Currency, Reliability, Authority, and Purpose (CRAP) test. <i>Results</i>: A quarter of posts were from healthcare providers (ophthalmologists, optometrists, opticians), and only 3% of posts were specifically from pediatric ophthalmologists. Most posts, however, were from businesses (51%), which were of lower quality than posts by providers. <i>Discussion</i>: Instagram represents a tremendous opportunity to educate the public. Better utilizing this resource may allow medical professionals to broadly spread accurate, unbiased data.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No agreement between expected phoropter Risley prism and prism bar fusional vergences in a prospective cross-sectional study of African school children.","authors":"Charles Darko-Takyi, Kumi Owusu Boakye, Stephen Ocansey, Carl Halladay Abraham, Edward Okyere Kyeretwie, Sandra Owusu, Ebenezer Manu, Victoria Yirrah, Enyam Komla Morny, Emmanuel Essien, Kwame Okyere Osei","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2419004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273972.2024.2419004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Purpose:</i> To determine the agreement between phoropter Risley prism and prism bar fusional vergence amplitudes in a normative group of school-aged children, aged 8 to 17 years. <i>Method:</i> This prospective cross-sectional study utilized multistage sampling to recruit participants with normal binocular vision. Horizontal fusional vergence amplitudes were measured at distance and near using the phoropter with Risley prisms and the prism bar. <i>Result:</i> The study included 422 normal participants (48.1% male, 51.9% female) with a mean age of 12.39 ± 1.94 years. There were significant differences in the base-in break, base-in recovery, base-out blur, base-out break, and base-out recovery at distance and near between phoropter Risley prism and prism bar fusional vergences (p < 0.05); amplitudes for phoropter Risley prism were higher than that for prism bar. Their mean differences were clinically meaningful except for base-in recovery at distance; however, there was no level of agreement on Bland Altman analysis. <i>Conclusion:</i> Fusional vergence amplitudes measured with the phoropter Risley prism and prism bar should not be considered interchangeable in African schoolchildren.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical anesthesia strabismus surgery.","authors":"Manjushree Bhate, Akshay Badakere, Craig Donaldson","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2413381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273972.2024.2413381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Topical anesthesia strabismus surgery is practised in selected surgical situations in the management of adult strabismus. Careful patient selection and patient co-operation throughout the surgery forms the crux of successfully completing the procedure.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To discuss and identify the scope of topical anesthesia in strabismus surgery based on the current level of evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search of articles pertaining to the use of topical strabismus surgery was carried out and summarized. The pre-operative considerations and patient counseling, timing of administration of topical anaesthetic, nuances in the surgical technique, benefits and limitations were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients with relatively smaller angle of deviation, single eye surgery and patients who have not had previous strabismus surgery were preferred candidates for topical strabismus surgery. It offers the additional advantage of performing an adjustable suture technique with a one stage adjustment.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>A pre-operative office room force duction test (FDT) is important both for assessing patient co-operation and from the patient perspective with regards to the level of comfort or discomfort they may experience. The results with regards to the successful completion of the procedure and its benefits and limitations support the use of topical anesthesia in strabismus surgery in a select few.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review concludes that topical anesthesia strabismus surgery can be the procedure of choice in select surgical situations in the management of adult strabismus.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medial rectus re-advancement: more bang for your buck?","authors":"Khayam Naderi, Nicole Qin Xian Quah, Magdalena Adamowicz, Saurabh Jain","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2412689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273972.2024.2412689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction:</i> Although there are guidance tables in the literature on surgical dosage for primary medial rectus resection-lateral rectus recession surgery, there is a lack of consensus on the surgical gains in medial rectus re-advancement (MRR) for the management of consecutive exotropia. We compared the surgical outcomes of primary medial rectus resection-lateral recession (RR) surgery, to MRR in patients with consecutive exotropia. <i>Methods:</i> Retrospective, electronic note review of consecutive patients undergoing primary RR surgery for basic exotropia (RR group), convergence insufficiency-type exotropia, and divergence excess, and consecutive patients undergoing MRR with or without lateral rectus recession (MRR group) for consecutive exotropia in a teaching university hospital. <i>Results:</i> There were 84 patients in the RR group and 27 patients in the MRR group. The median age in the RR group was 25.50 years (range 4-79) and 45 years (18-87) in the MRR group (<i>p</i> = .002). Median follow-up was 7 months (3-43) in the RR group and 1 month (1-12) in the MRR group. Post-operatively, there was a median exotropia reduction of 27.00 prism diopters (PD) (range +5, -65; <i>p</i> < .0001) for near, and 27.00 PD (+10, -51; <i>p</i> < .0001) for distance in the RR group. In the MRR group, the median exotropia reduction was 34.50 PD (2, -67; <i>p</i> < .0001) for near and 33.00 PD (1, -67; <i>p</i> < .0001) for distance. There was a greater reduction in the exotropia in the MRR group compared to the RR group for distance (<i>p</i> = .047), but this did not meet statistical significance for near (<i>p</i> = 0.10). The median dose-effect relationship (PD/millimeter) was higher in the MRR group both for near deviation (2.90 vs 2.15, <i>p</i> = .0073) and for distance deviation (2.91 vs 2.15, =0.0041). <i>Conclusion:</i> Based on our study cohort, medial rectus re-advancement appears to have a greater dose-effect in reducing the distance angle of deviation for both near and distance compared to primary recess-resect surgery. Further prospective longitudinal studies would shed further light on the dose-effect relationship over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Science mapping and research trends of strabismus: a Scientometric analysis.","authors":"Azadeh Haseli-Mofrad, Zhale Rajavi, Hamideh Sabbaghi, Sina Khosravi Mirzaei","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2410817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273972.2024.2410817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aim:</i> To draw and analyze a science map and research trends in the field of strabismus with the method of co-word analysis. <i>Method:</i> In this Scientometric study, all scientific outputs in the field of strabismus indexing in the Scopus database between 2005 and 2023 have been analyzed based on various Scientometric indicators. Data analysis was conducted using Excel and VOSviewer softwares. <i>Results:</i> The most significant growth in scientific output occurred in 2021, while the lowest was observed in 2023. The field of strabismus classified in four subject clusters, including Strabismus and Neurology, Alignment Disorders, Visual Acuity/Refraction and Strabismus, and Binocular Vision and Strabismus. Research pertaining to Genetics and Best-Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) have notably emerged between 2014 and 2018, reflecting a trend toward increased research focus in these areas. <i>Conclusion:</i> The growth of graph scientific output in strabismus shows periodic fluctuations across various years, with its pick in 2021 and the lowest point in 2023 due to spread of COVID-19. Strabismus and neurology cluster had the highest frequently especially in the USA. Genetic and BCVA as emerging topics were frequently studied in recent years due to extensive progress of genetic science.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of strabismus in Pakistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Zainab Zehra, Christopher S von Bartheld, Wishal Khan, Maleeha Azam, Raheel Qamar","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2408416","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2408416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Purpose</i>: Strabismus is an ocular condition characterized by misalignment of the visual axis. The global prevalence of strabismus is about 2-3%, which varies between different countries and ethnicities. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of studies, which had previously reported the prevalence of strabismus in Pakistan, in order to obtain the overall prevalence of strabismus in the country. <i>Methods</i>: All community-based studies reporting the prevalence of strabismus from Pakistan were searched using international databases and local ophthalmology journals. Information about sample size, number of individuals with strabismus, and location and duration of the study was recorded. Statistical analysis including heterogeneity testing, pooled prevalence calculation and regression analysis were done using the R software. <i>Results</i>: Heterogeneity tests, P_{heterogeneity} < .01, suggested high heterogeneity between the different studies. The pooled prevalence of strabismus was 0.7% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.39%-1.23%] according to the random effects model, with a decreasing trend in prevalence from 1995 to 2020. Esotropia was more frequent than exotropia in both population-based and clinic-based studies. <i>Conclusion</i>: The prevalence of strabismus in Pakistan is comparatively lower than the worldwide prevalence, and it appears to be decreasing over the last three decades, consistent with global trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online resources for strabismus: an evaluation of readability, complexity, and suitability.","authors":"Kristin Davis, Caitlin Blades, Scott Larson","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2408029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273972.2024.2408029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Over one-third of US adults have never attended college, creating a large disparity in the readability of online health materials. Decreased health literacy and accessibility to medical information negatively affect patients and well-informed patients are more likely to experience better health outcomes (1). The NIH and AMA recommend patient-intended education materials be written at a sixth-grade reading level (2), therefore, this study analyzed the accessibility of the top ten web pages for \"strabismus.\"</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The first ten online resources returned in a Google search for \"strabismus\" were analyzed. Web pages were then assessed for the readability level (Simple Measure of Gobbledygook), complexity (PMOSE/IKIRSCH), and suitability (Suitability Assessment of Materials). Two independent raters assessed the complexity and suitability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Readability analysis of the strabismus resources revealed an average reading grade level of 11.4 ± 1.07. There was a statistical difference in the reading grade level between the .com and .gov, and the .org and .com websites (<i>p</i> = .029 and <i>p</i> = .031, respectively). Complexity analysis revealed a mean score of 6.50 ± 2.29, corresponding to an 8th-12th grade reading level. The suitability assessment showed a mean value of 70.3 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 10.1%, representing a \"superior\" score for the information provided to the reader. The inter-rater agreement was similar for the complexity and fair for the suitability analysis.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>On average, online resources for strabismus have a low complexity level. However, the majority of the top ten articles reviewed are above the recommended literacy level, indicating a need for revision.</p><p><strong>Clinical implications: </strong>The vast amount of available online health resources have significantly affected the field of medicine. Most patients research their disease process using online sources and many reference this material before their initial ophthalmologic consultation. Considering that more than half of Americans read below the equivalent of a sixth-grade level and that the AMA/NIH recommend all patient-intended materials to be written above this level, there is a health literacy disconnect. This limits patients' ability to educate themselves about their medical conditions and participate in informed conversations regarding their healthcare. Patients who are unable to interpret health information accurately have increased rates of hospitalization, develop more medical conditions, and experience a higher rate of mortality. This preventable impediment to informed healthcare care magnifies the urgency for easily readable online resources that are formatted in a manner that is clear to understand and suitable for patients with lower health literacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anteriorization of the inferior oblique muscle versus anteriorization and resection for asymmetrical dissociated vertical deviation.","authors":"Ghada Osama, Hala Elhilali, Magda Salah, Heba M Fouad","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2402925","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2024.2402925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the efficacy of two methods: first, bilateral symmetric anteriorization of the inferior oblique muscle and second: combined resection and anteriorization of the inferior oblique (IO) muscle for asymmetric dissociated vertical deviation (DVD).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective randomized clinical trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included fifty-four patients presenting with bilateral asymmetric DVD and inferior oblique overaction (IOOA). Two equal groups were randomly allocated by odd and even number distribution. Twenty-seven patients underwent bilateral symmetric anteriorization of the IO muscle and twenty-seven patients underwent anteriorization of the IO of one eye and anteriorization with IO resection in the eye with the larger deviation. According to the difference in measured DVD between the two eyes whether less or more than 5 PD; a 3 or 5 mm resection was done, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean post-operative reduction of DVD in the anteriorization group was 9.19 ± 3.40 PD in the right eye and 8.78 ± 4.17 PD in the left eye, which were highly significant. (<i>p</i>-value .0002). The resection group had a mean post-operative DVD reduction of 11.7 ± 2.74 PD in resected eyes and 7.3 ± 3.72 PD in non-resected eyes. These reductions were also highly significant (<i>p</i>-value 0.0001). Reduction of inter-ocular difference between both groups failed to show a statistical difference (<i>p</i>-value 0.285). The IOOA was significantly reduced in both groups. Improvement in the average post-operative DVD between the two groups and the post-operative improvement in IOOA failed to show a statistically significant difference (<i>p</i>-value 0.265 and 0.804 respectively) which showed that both procedures are effective.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both surgical modalities are effective in managing asymmetric dissociated vertical deviation associated with IOOA.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}