Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics最新文献

{"title":"<i>In vivo</i> evaluation of root canal disinfection using a combination of ultrasonic activation and diode laser therapy.","authors":"Sonali H Bansode, Dayanand G Chole, Srinivas S Bakle, Nikhil R Hatte, Neha P Gandhi, Mahenaz R Inamdar","doi":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_158_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_158_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong><i>In vivo</i> evaluation of root canal disinfection using a combination of ultrasonic activation and diode laser therapy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasonic activation of sodium hypochlorite and diode laser irradiation in enhancing root canal disinfection by reducing bacterial load.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty patients aged 20-60 years with necrotic lower premolars and periapical infections were selected. After access opening, initial microbial samples (S1) were collected. The canals were then instrumented using ProTaper Next rotary files and irrigated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, which was activated ultrasonically using EndoX for 1 min. The second microbial sample (S2) was collected. Subsequently, 980 nm diode laser irradiation was applied in a pulsed mode, and the final microbial sample (S3) was obtained. All the samples were cultured in Brain Heart Infusion Agar (BHI) agar, and colony-forming units (CFU/ml) were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software with a significance threshold of <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean CFU/ml count significantly reduced from S1 (22.93) to S2 (6.03) after ultrasonic activation and further decreased to S3 (1.04) following diode laser application. The reduction was statistically significant (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of ultrasonic activation of sodium hypochlorite and diode laser irradiation significantly enhances root canal disinfection. Ultrasonic activation improves irrigant penetration, while diode laser provides deeper antimicrobial action.</p>","PeriodicalId":516842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics","volume":"28 6","pages":"510-514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of uninstrumented areas and volumetric precision of ProTaper Ultimate versus ProTaper Next file systems: A micro-computed tomography study.","authors":"Palak Jitesh Gandhi, Leena H Jobanputra, Mital Hiren Prajapati, Harika Aroori","doi":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_202_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_202_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Root canal shaping is critical in endodontic treatment, aiming to maintain canal anatomy while effectively removing infected tissue.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the volumetric changes and uninstrumented areas in root canals prepared with ProTaper Ultimate (PTU) and ProTaper Next (PTN) file systems using micro-computed tomography (CT).</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>This was an <i>in vitro</i> comparative study using fifty extracted human mandibular premolars with moderate canal curvature (10°-35°).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Pre- and postinstrumentation micro-CT scans were performed at 13 <i>µ</i>m resolution. Canal preparation was done with PTU (n = 25) (up to F2) without prior glide path and PTN (n = 25) (up to X2) with hand file glide path. Volume changes and uninstrumented surface areas were analyzed using specialized software.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Unpaired <i>t</i>-test for volume changes, Kruskal-Wallis test for inter-comparison of uninstrumented areas, and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test for intragroup comparison, with significance level set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PTU demonstrated significantly lower canal volume gain (13.20% ±1.95% vs. 21.12% ±2.7%) and tooth volume loss (0.588% ±0.18% vs. 0.95% ±0.12%) compared to PTN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The PTU system demonstrated superior preservation of tooth structure with less canal enlargement while maintaining effective instrumentation of canal surfaces compared to PTN, likely due to its enhanced flexibility, smaller core diameter, and improved metallurgy.</p>","PeriodicalId":516842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics","volume":"28 6","pages":"515-521"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> comparison of bioceramic and silicone-based root canal sealers with different obturation technique.","authors":"R Chelja, Vanita D Revankar, Yadav Chakravarthy, G Aarthi, Assmee Mohammed Noon","doi":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_175_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_175_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to evaluate and compare the apical sealing ability of different obturation techniques using bioceramic and silicone-based root canal sealers in an <i>in vitro</i> setting.</p><p><strong>Materials and methodology: </strong>Twenty-five extracted mandibular premolars were standardized to 15 mm root length and instrumented using ProTaper Universal Ni-Ti rotary files. The samples were randomly divided into five groups (<i>n</i> = 5) based on the obturation technique and sealer used. Group 1 and Group 2 were obturated using thermoplasticized gutta-percha with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Fillapex and Ceraseal, respectively. Group 3 and Group 4 utilized bioceramic gutta-percha with MTA Fillapex and Ceraseal, respectively. Group 5 employed single-cone obturation (SCO) with GuttaFlow 2. Apical microleakage was assessed using methylene blue dye penetration, and measurements were analyzed under a stereomicroscope at ×20 magnification using ImageJ software. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All groups exhibited varying degrees of apical leakage. Group 5 (GuttaFlow 2 with SCO) demonstrated the lowest mean leakage (0.87 ± 0.26 mm), whereas Group 1 (thermoplasticized gutta-percha with MTA Fillapex) had the highest leakage (2.66 ± 0.61 mm) (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although none of the sealers completely prevented apical leakage, GuttaFlow 2 with SCO exhibited the most effective sealing ability. The findings suggest that silicone-based sealers may provide enhanced apical sealing in root canal therapy. Further studies with larger sample sizes and clinical validation are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":516842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics","volume":"28 6","pages":"527-531"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving fluid dynamics during root canal irrigation.","authors":"Geeta Asthana, Sadhna Manglani, Rajashree Tamuli","doi":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_223_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_223_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary aim of root canal therapy is to thoroughly remove infection and prevent its recurrence in the root canal system. Irrigation plays a pivotal role in this process by removing both organic and inorganic debris, as well as microorganisms and their biofilms. For irrigants to achieve their maximum efficacy, they must reach and disrupt the biofilm adhering to the canal walls. To enhance the effectiveness of irrigants, various activation systems are employed, each operating through distinct mechanisms. It is crucial to understand the interplay between different irrigants and activation systems, while also considering the potential risks associated with irrigant extrusion. Moreover, the agitation of irrigants should be maintained for an optimal duration to maximize the clinical outcomes while minimizing adverse effects. To achieve this, adherence to the specific protocols of activation systems might ensure desirable and consistent results.</p>","PeriodicalId":516842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics","volume":"28 6","pages":"595-597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxicity of chitosan-loaded triple antibiotic paste versus conventional triple antibiotic paste on dental pulp stem cells: An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Asiya Sameer Mujawar, Varsha Pandit, Sumaiyya Shaikh, Bilal Shaikh","doi":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_219_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_219_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) is a commonly used intracanal medicament in regenerative endodontics. However, its cytotoxic effects on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) remain a concern. Incorporating chitosan into TAP may enhance its biocompatibility while retaining antimicrobial properties.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity of chitosan-loaded TAP (Ch-TAP) with conventional TAP on DPSCs at varying concentrations and time intervals.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>DPSCs were exposed to Ch-TAP and TAP at concentrations of 0.1-100. Cell viability was assessed at 1-4 weeks using an MTT assay. The results were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and <i>post hoc</i> Tukey's test to identify differences in cytotoxic effects between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ch-TAP demonstrated superior cell viability at all concentrations compared to TAP. The highest cell viability was observed with Ch-TAP at 0.1 mg/mL, maintaining 96% viability at 1 week and 85% at 4 weeks. Higher concentrations of both pastes exhibited a dose dependent decrease in cell viability, with Ch-TAP consistently showing less cytotoxicity. TAP at 100 mg/mL exhibited the highest cytotoxicity, reducing viability to 20% by the 4^th week.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ch-TAP showed significantly lower cytotoxicity and better biocompatibility with DPSCs compared to conventional TAP, particularly at lower concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":516842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics","volume":"28 6","pages":"549-553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of configuration factor on bond strength of universal adhesives in occlusal cavities: An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Pushpal Ingle, S R Srinidhi, Laxmikant Late, Sayujya Tandon","doi":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_247_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_247_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>During curing of composite resins, polymerization shrinkage occurs and generates stress. The configuration factor (C-factors) is an important clinical parameter and is related to polymerization shrinkage, bond strength, and durability. High C-factors indicate situations in which the material polymerizes under greater external constraint.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the effect of C-factor on the bond strength of universal dental adhesives to the dentin of the cavity floor and cavity wall in class-I composite restorations using nanohybrid composites.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty noncarious human molars were randomly divided into four groups (<i>n</i> = 15). Then, each group was subdivided into two subgroups according to the type of adhesive used: Prime and Bond Universal (Dentsply) or Adper Single Bond 2 (3M). After the bonding procedure, nanohybrid composite was applied in 2 mm increments to fill the cavities. The teeth were sectioned into 2 mm² sticks and micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) was measured at two areas: cavity wall and cavity floor using a universal testing machine. Fracture pattern was analyzed using the stereomicroscope. Results were tabulated and statistical analysis was done using the Analysis of Variance with <i>post hoc</i> Tukey's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prime and Bond Universal had significantly better μTBS (mean = 8.53) as compared to Adper Single Bond 2 at the floor (mean = 6.64) of the cavity. At the wall of the cavity, Prime and Bond Universal was better, but the difference was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The cohesive mode of fracture was common in all the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To overcome high C-factor in Class I cavities, Prime and Bond universal had better bond strength when measured at the floor and wall of the cavity.</p>","PeriodicalId":516842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics","volume":"28 6","pages":"559-564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethics in Research and Publications.","authors":"Shishir Singh, Satish Abraham","doi":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_233_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_233_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics","volume":"28 6","pages":"497"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the antibacterial potency of royal jelly: Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration evaluation against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.","authors":"Ketaki Turbatmath, Sonali Sharma, Lakshmipathy Muthukrishnan","doi":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_682_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_682_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Royal jelly (RJ) has been widely regarded as nature's elixir, owing to its numerous biological properties, including its antimicrobial efficacy. Royal Jelly, a natural secretion produced by honeybees, is rich in Major Royal Jelly Proteins (MRJPs) and various bioactive compounds, notably 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA). These constituents are primarily responsible for its bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties. With the increasing resistance of pathogens such as <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> to conventional antibiotics, there is a need to explore alternative substances for controlling these bacteria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Standard strains of <i>S. mutans</i> (ATCC strain) and <i>S. aureus</i> (ATCC 25923) were cultivated under aerobic conditions. RJ was acquired and stored at 4°C. It was tested in various concentrations (ranging from 1.25 mg/mL to 20 mg/mL). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined as the lowest concentration of RJ that inhibited visible bacterial growth after incubation. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by identifying the lowest concentration of RJ capable of killing 99.9% of the initial bacterial population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MIC for RJ against <i>S. mutans</i> was determined to be 10 mg/mL, and against <i>S. aureus</i>, it was 5 mg/mL. The MBC for RJ against <i>S. mutans</i> was 20 mg/mL, while for <i>S. aureus</i>, it was 5 mg/mL. RJ demonstrated stronger antimicrobial effects against <i>S. aureus</i> compared to <i>S. mutans</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrates that RJ has effective antimicrobial properties against <i>S. mutans</i> and <i>S. aureus</i>. These findings suggest that RJ could be incorporated into anti-cariogenic treatments. However, additional research is required to explore the practical application of RJ in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":516842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics","volume":"28 6","pages":"505-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of quantitative color changes in discolored anterior teeth by bleaching, resin infiltration, and microabrasion: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Neelam Mittal, Harakh Chand Baranwal, Shubham M Kharat, Aiyman Ayubi, Silviya Samad, Harshitaa Aggarwal","doi":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_229_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_229_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate and compare the effects of bleaching, microabrasion, and resin infiltration (RI) techniques on discolored vital anterior teeth.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients with anterior vital teeth with brown discolorations were selected for this study. The sample size was estimated at 15 teeth per group and assigned according to the treatment done: Group 1 (microabrasion), Group 2 (microabrasion and RI), Group 3 (microabrasion, bleaching, and RI), Group 4 (bleaching and RI), and Group 5 (bleaching). Standardized photographs were taken at the preoperative visit (T1), immediately after treatment (T2), and during the follow-up visit after 1 week (T3), and at 6 months (T4). The photographs were analyzed using (L* a* b*) values with the help of Adobe Photoshop 2021 software to show the assessment of values. Respective values were used to evaluate a quantitative evaluation of color change (ΔE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest value change (ΔE = 20.72 ± 3.06) was seen in Group 3 which was statistically significant, suggesting that microabrasion and bleaching followed by RI offer better results than the other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining microabrasion, bleaching, and RI techniques offers the best treatment outcome for tooth discolorations among all groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":516842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics","volume":"28 6","pages":"537-542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access cavity in endodontics: Balancing precision, preservation, and clinical needs.","authors":"Dina Abdellatif, Ismail Davut Capar, De Fontaine Sarah, Alfredo Iandolo, Christophe Meyer, Davide Mancino","doi":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_270_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_270_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endodontic access cavity preparation is a critical step that directly influences subsequent endodontic procedures. Procedural errors in this initial phase, whether in position, depth, or extension, can inevitably compromise the outcome of the entire treatment. Although access cavity preparation was historically believed not to weaken the tooth, more recent studies suggest otherwise. Therefore, adhering to tissue preservation principles is essential even during access cavity preparation. The mantra \"as small as practical\" should guide every stage of this step, balancing tissue preservation with clinical imperatives. Access cavity is dynamic, is not dogmatically predetermined, is adaptable at any time to intraoperative requirements, and must be tailored to each specific case. Achieving this, however, necessitates appropriate equipment and competencies, which require a relatively long learning curve for the clinician.</p>","PeriodicalId":516842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics","volume":"28 6","pages":"573-587"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}