{"title":"Is the time ripe to scale up developmental intervention programs to prevent offending?","authors":"R. Eme","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.4.376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2023.87.4.376","url":null,"abstract":"The prevention of criminal potential in individuals is of enormous importance given the immense human and financial costs to society of criminal behavior. Consequently, there have been hundreds of studies of various kinds of developmental prevention programs for delinquency, and it has been proposed that the time is now to scale up some of these programs into large-scale national strategies for reducing crime. The author challenges this suggestion by first discussing the standards for judging the efficacy and effectiveness of these programs with a focus on the essential standards of replication and long-term follow-up. Next, the author examines the evidence base supporting the success of these programs and found it insufficient to justify the scale-up of any existing program. The author concludes with a recommendation for a paradigm shift for preventing delinquency.","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138627051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pooja Shankar, Chencheng Zhang, Eric A. Storch, N. Caporino
{"title":"Predictors of COVID-19-related posttraumatic stress and anxiety symptoms in high school students in China","authors":"Pooja Shankar, Chencheng Zhang, Eric A. Storch, N. Caporino","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.4.358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2023.87.4.358","url":null,"abstract":"Youth may be particularly vulnerable to negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic due to acute and chronic stressors (e.g., social distancing) during a critical period of development. The present study examined factors associated with COVID-19-related posttraumatic stress and anxiety in high school students in China (N = 294) during May 2020. Logistic and zero-inflated negative binomial regression were used to evaluate the effects of self-reported prior mental health concerns, duration of isolation/quarantine measures, impact from the pandemic, behaviors changed during COVID-19, and attitudes surrounding the pandemic on self-reported anxiety and pandemic-related posttraumatic stress. Self-reported history of mental health concerns significantly predicted anxiety and pandemic-related posttraumatic stress. While timing likely contributed to lower rates of clinically significant outcomes than have been reported in other studies, some students exhibited signs of enduring distress. History of mental illness may be a sign of negative psychological outcomes in adolescents and should prompt further screening.","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138610321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Greg N. Muller, Brian A. Zaboski, Diana Joyce-Beaulieu, Brittany Bailey, Ryan McCarty, Brian T. Olsen, Joseph P. H. McNamara
{"title":"Obsessive-compulsive severity, gender, and religiosity as predictors of personality trait scores","authors":"Greg N. Muller, Brian A. Zaboski, Diana Joyce-Beaulieu, Brittany Bailey, Ryan McCarty, Brian T. Olsen, Joseph P. H. McNamara","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.4.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2023.87.4.317","url":null,"abstract":"Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) impacts 1%—4% of the United States population. Scrupulosity, or obsessions related to morality and religion, is the fifth most common obsession. Although clinicians and researchers may have ample assessment information about their clients, such as OCD severity, gender, and religious background, little research in the field has shown how these variables relate to personality factors. Using Amazon's Mechanical Turk, we recruited 230 participants to (a) determine if scrupulosity were predictive of openness and neuroticism while accounting for gender, OCD severity, and religiosity; (b) investigate whether religious identity interacted with scrupulosity when predicting openness and neuroticism; and (c) examine if gender identity contributed to openness and neuroticism. Using linear mixed models, we found that higher scrupulosity predicted lower levels of openness across all religious groups, and that higher scrupulosity was associated with higher negative emotionality for nonreligious individuals. Implications for practice and continued research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138611734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gillian M Alcolado, Karen Rowa, Irena Milosevic, Randi E McCabe
{"title":"Do all obsessions contradict personal values to the same degree? A pilot investigation.","authors":"Gillian M Alcolado, Karen Rowa, Irena Milosevic, Randi E McCabe","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.3.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2023.87.3.291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although much is known about how intrusive thoughts become obsessions, the factors that determine which particular thoughts do so is not. The degree to which intrusions are personally significant may be such a determinant. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is heterogeneous; thus, it is possible that contradictions of personal values may play a varying role in the development of obsessions depending on which OCD symptoms manifest and may change differentially following treatment. Archival data were examined. Patients with a diagnosis of OCD (N = 62) reported their most upsetting obsession and the degree to which it violated values both pre- and postparticipation in group cognitive-behavioral therapy for OCD. At pretreatment, contradiction ratings differed across symptom domains, such that participants with primary symptoms of obsessions/checking exhibited contradiction ratings that were significantly greater than did participants with other primary symptoms. Contradiction ratings did not change posttreatment. Implications for the conceptualization of OCD are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"87 3","pages":"291-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10222227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alicia Leong, Ziba A Colah, Andrew G Guzick, Eugenia Y Chen, Salonee S Shah, Dylan A Fall, Ruiqi Chen, YingYing Zhang, Chencheng Zhang, Sandra L Cepeda, Saira A Weinzimmer, Sophie C Schneider, Xiaolu Zhou, Wayne K Goodman, Wenjuan Liu, Eric A Storch
{"title":"COVID-19-related intrusive thoughts and associated ritualistic behaviors.","authors":"Alicia Leong, Ziba A Colah, Andrew G Guzick, Eugenia Y Chen, Salonee S Shah, Dylan A Fall, Ruiqi Chen, YingYing Zhang, Chencheng Zhang, Sandra L Cepeda, Saira A Weinzimmer, Sophie C Schneider, Xiaolu Zhou, Wayne K Goodman, Wenjuan Liu, Eric A Storch","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.3.225","DOIUrl":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.3.225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated COVID-19-related intrusive thoughts and associated ritualistic behaviors (CITRB). From March to May 2020, 1,118 Chinese high school students, college students, psychiatric outpatients, and community members completed a survey assessing CITRB, generalized anxiety, depression, somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and pandemic-related disruptions. Overall, participants reported mild to moderate CITRB, although certain thoughts/behaviors were more frequently endorsed, such as repeatedly telling others to take precautions against COVID-19 and checking COVID-19-related news. Being male, younger, a health-care worker, or in isolation/quarantine was associated with CITRB severity in community members. Obsessive-compulsive symptom severity, depression, somatic symptoms, and anxiety were associated with CITRB severity, although only obsessive-compulsive symptoms were uniquely associated with CITRB. This study provided evidence for the construct of CITRB, which may help mental health providers identify the nature and sources of COVID-19-related distress for some individuals as well as serve as a framework for evaluating obsessive-compulsive symptoms specific to large-scale crises.</p>","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"87 3","pages":"225-249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10589178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoë Kindynis, Jonathan Espie, Chloë Volz, Amita Jassi
{"title":"Multifamily therapy for young people with OCD: An acceptability and satisfaction study.","authors":"Zoë Kindynis, Jonathan Espie, Chloë Volz, Amita Jassi","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2023.87.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individual cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the recommended first-line psychological treatment for young people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), with good outcomes. However, because some young people only partially respond to CBT, it is necessary to improve treatment outcomes. This is the first study to explore the acceptability and satisfaction of a new multifamily therapy (MFT). Three groups were attended by 16 young people with OCD, their parents, and siblings. Parents and young people completed questionnaires and focus groups. Thematic analysis was applied to transcripts of focus groups. The majority of young people and parents (93.9%) were satisfied or very satisfied. Thematic analysis identified benefits, including increased understanding of OCD, support from the group, and a feeling of not being alone. Further research is required to establish the group's effectiveness on OCD symptom severity and to identify the factors that MFT addresses. MFT shows promise as an acceptable and satisfactory treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"87 1","pages":"25-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10820243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving access in 2023: Evidence-based psychotherapy for autistic youth with anxiety.","authors":"Eric A Storch, Whitney S Shepherd","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2023.87.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"87 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10820247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Welcome to our world: Lessons that the mental health community can learn from sex education advocates.","authors":"Jennifer Biundo, Jessica Chester","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.2.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2023.87.2.209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>School-based instruction and services can effectively support both reproductive and mental health for youth, complementing family and community efforts. Though favored by a large majority of families, school-based sex education can engender controversy, and recently, mental health advocates have begun to face similar challenges around topics such as social-emotional learning and school-based counseling services. This article provides an overview of the emerging trend of opposition to school-based mental health instruction and services, which shares many similarities with opposition to sexual health instruction. In light of these trends, cross-sectoral partnerships in support of health education become all the more crucial. Additionally, the mental health community can benefit from lessons learned by sex education advocates.</p>","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"87 2","pages":"209-224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10224929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship between mental health diagnoses and sexually transmitted infections.","authors":"Lauren A Bretz, Najiba Keshwani, Meghna Raphael","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.2.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2023.87.2.115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple studies have demonstrated a relationship between risk factors for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and mental health needs. This \"syndemic\" phenomenon suggests that while many patients with mental health conditions are at higher risk for STI acquisition, the relationship also works in the opposite direction: Patients diagnosed with STIs are more likely to have mental health issues. The purposes of this review article are to examine the overlap between mental health and STIs, to provide mental health providers the tools to identify individuals with behavioral health concerns who may be at increased risk for STI acquisition, to discuss how STI diagnosis can affect mental health, and to review interventions to mitigate these risks, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing-based behavioral interventions. Integrating primary health care and mental health care for sexual health needs may also help improve delivery of both of these services.</p>","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"87 2","pages":"115-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9573996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disgust-induced avoidant processing of autobiographical memories as a transdiagnostic mechanism in the persistence of psychopathology.","authors":"Paula von Spreckelsen, Peter J de Jong","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.suppA.31","DOIUrl":"10.1521/bumc.2023.87.suppA.31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a model of disgust-induced avoidant processing of autobiographical memories contributing to the persistence of psychopathology. Following the model, autobiographical memory retrieval is biased toward disgust-related experiences. Critically, disgust promotes the avoidance of specific autobiographical memories by reactively aborting the processing of those memories or by strategically preventing access to them, making disgust appraisals immune to corrective information. In the context of eating disorders/body image, studies provided consistent evidence for a bias toward disgust-related memories of their own body in women with a more negative body image. Although the current research casts doubt on disgust-induced strategic avoidant retrieval of body-related memories, it provided initial evidence for reactive avoidance of such memories. Insight into the role of disgust-induced avoidant memory processing as a transdiagnostic mechanism may help in understanding the refractoriness of disgust-relevant psychopathologies (including depressive and trauma-related disorders) and point to the necessity of therapeutic strategies to address disgust-induced avoidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"87 Supplement A","pages":"31-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}