BioMedicine-Taiwan最新文献

{"title":"The intensity of free radical processes and chaperone activity in the saliva of patients with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Anna A Cheprasova, Sergey S Popov, Alexander N Pashkov, Aleksei N Verevkin, Valentina O Mittova, Konstantin K Shulgin","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1407","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Saliva is a clinically informative biological fluid that contains many biomarkers, allowing multiple analyses to be performed.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The objectives of this study were the assessment of the serum and saliva levels of biochemical parameters and intensity of free radical processes in T2DM patients and the identification of the correlation between certain criteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study included 40 T2DM patients, which were compared with 40 healthy individuals. The levels of glucose, cholesterol triglycerides, total protein, diene conjugates, and chaperone activity were measured using the spectrophotometric method. The concentration of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine was assessed by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was established that the progression of diabetes led to an increase in glucose in saliva. The content of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine and conjugated dienes increased in serum and this increase was associated with the level of glucose and glycated hemoglobin. The level of protein and chaperone activity increased in the saliva of patients with T2DM compared with the control. The correlation analysis revealed a relationship between total protein concentration and conjugated dienes and between chaperone activity and conjugated dienes in saliva.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to the results of the analysis, the pathological changes in DM affected the salivary glands and their secretions. The obtained results allowed us to recommend using saliva as an alternative to blood for the diagnosis and monitoring of T2DM treatments since it is readily available and quickly responds to changes in metabolism in the body.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49620203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological evaluation of a polyherbal formulation on testicular function and gonadal histomorphology in exposed Wistar rats.","authors":"Godswill James Udom, Uduak Peter Ise, Omoirri Moses Aziakpono, Ayodeji Aturamu, Mba Ogbonnaya, Israel Kevin Umana, Jude Efiom Okokon","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1404","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dr Iguedo Goko Cleanser® is a herbal formulation (HF) widely marketed in southern Nigeria and purported to be very efficacious for the management of various diseases including giardiasis, toilet infections, hypertension, diabetes, ulcer, impotence, low libido, low sperm count amongst others. Medicinal plants reportedly produce an array of adverse reactions capable of inducing harmful conditions, including death.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study evaluated the subchronic toxicity concern of HF on testicular function and gonadal histoarchitecture in Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty Wistar rats of both sexes were randomly divided into six groups (5/group) and were orally administered HF for 60 days. The control groups received 5 mL/kg of distilled water; the treatment groups were administered 476.24 and 158.75 mg/kg body weight of HF each for both male and female rats. Using standard procedures, semen analysis was done for all male rats. Animals were anaesthetised and sacrificed on the 62nd day; the gonads were eviscerated, weighed and fixed in 10% buffered formalin for histopathological examinations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant (p < 0.05) increase in sperm count relative to control as well as spermatotoxic effects were observed in male rats. Histologically, the ovary presented some degrees of pathologies: cloggy appearing ovarian cortex with a display of a tumour-like cortical area, scantily displayed primordial follicles, haemorrhagic blood vessels, atretic secondary follicle, and eroding granulosa cells amongst others. Testicular histopathology showed abnormal seminiferous tubules' histoarchitecture, degenerated spermatids, distorted spermatogenic cells' orientation, and displaced spermatids into the luminal space.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Herbal drugs are usually regarded to be completely safe due to their natural sources, however, this study discovered exposure-related toxic effects of Dr Iguedo Goko Cleanser® on testicular function and gonadal histomorphology. The findings recommend extreme caution with chronic use and avoidance whenever possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43784483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory activity of Mentha spicata oils on biofilms of Proteus mirabilis isolated from burns","authors":"Idriss Saleh Jalil, S. Qassim Mohammad, Abdullah Khazal Mohsen, Bahaa Abdullah Laftaah Al-Rubaii","doi":"10.51248/.v43i02.2699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i02.2699","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic pathogen, infecting humans, through the release of endotoxins and enzymes such as urease, hemolysin, protease, DNase etc. One of the factors contributing to its virulence is its unusual ability to form crystalline biofilms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Mentha spicata volatile oil on P. mirabilis biofilm formation.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: P. mirabilis was isolated from infected wound of burns of patients using conventional biochemical tests. Vitek 2-Compact System was used to confirm the diagnosis of bacterial isolates. The isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antibiotics. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts as well as Volatile Oil and natural Menthol extracted from M. spicata were tested for their ability to inhibit biofilm formation by P. mirabilis.\u0000 \u0000Results: In this study 16 out of the 45 burn injury samples were tested positive for P. mirabilis.  Bacterial isolates were found to be resistant to the drugs Levofloxacin and Norfloxacin, with percentages of 10.2% and 11.8%, respectively. Majority of these isolates had the capacity to produce several virulence factors, including biofilm in variable amounts and the enzymes protease, hemolysin, DNase, and gelatinase. The volatile oil and natural component menthol extracted from M. spicata inhibited the formation of biofilm at increasing concentrations.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: The volatile oil and the natural menthol compound of M. spicata are effective in inhibiting biofilm formation by P. mirabilis.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47790325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification and detection of some virulence and antibiotic genes in Pantoea spp. isolated from clinical samples","authors":"Noor Hameed Shahab, Suha Maher Abed, Maan Hasan Salih","doi":"10.51248/.v43i02.2109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i02.2109","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Pantoea species, are Gram negative bacteria that belong to the family Erwiniaceae. These bacteria are opportunistic pathogens known to cause several clinical infections in humans. The purpose of current research was to study the prevalence and identification of Pantoea spp. based on 16S rRNA sequencing, as well as detect the presence of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in samples isolated from clinical cases.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: For the identification of Pantoea spp., DNA extracted from isolates were subjected to 16s rRNA amplification by PCR. Pantoea isolates were assessed for the presence of virulence (EsaI and ompA), and antibiotic (bacA, oqxB, qnrA, and ermB) genes using specific primers.\u0000 \u0000Results: Three new strains were recorded based on results of 16S rRNA sequencing. The virulence gene Esal was prevalent in all isolates (100%) tested while 15/16 (94%) of isolates had ompA genes. The antibiotic-resistant gene oqxB was found in all isolates (100%), followed by bacA (87.5%), qnrA (75%), and ermB (37%) genes.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Pantoea spp isolated from clinical samples were seen to harbor virulence as well as antimicrobial genes indicating the isolates to be pathogenic.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44838479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D deficiency in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: its association with microvascular complications","authors":"Vishnumoorthy, Smitha S. Bhat","doi":"10.51248/.v43i02.1360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i02.1360","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: A worldwide epidemic, type 2 diabetes affects 382 million people. Nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy are examples of microvascular consequences. According to estimates, 1 billion people, or close to 15% of the world's population, are vitamin D deficient. There is proof that inadequate vitamin D levels are linked to poor glycaemic management. However, there is a dearth of information from India on a potential connection between a vitamin D deficit and microvascular problems. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to determine if individuals with microvascular consequences of diabetes are more likely to suffer from vitamin D insufficiency.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 72 diabetic subjects availing the inpatient services of Father Muller Medical College Hospital. Diabetes was diagnosed as per American Diabetes Association guidelines. Subjects were examined for presence of neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy by nerve conduction study, urine protein creatinine ratio and fundus examination respectively. Serum vitamin D levels were assessed. Data was recorded and statistically analysed.\u0000 \u0000Results: Seventy-two patients fulfilling the selection criteria were recruited for this study. 77.8% of subjects had poorly controlled diabetes and  66.66% had vitamin D deficiency. 39 (54.16%) of subjects had microvascular complications of which  28 (38.8%) had neuropathy, 14 (19.4%) had retinopathy and 28 (38.9%) had nephropathy. 71% of patients with microvascular complications had vitamin D deficiency.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Poor glycemic control is strongly correlated with vitamin D insufficiency. Individuals who suffer from microvascular problems tend to have inadequate levels of vitamin D more frequently than people without such difficulties.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42088993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteochondral lesion of the talus: presentation and management - A case report","authors":"Parishekh Jawahar, Menon P. Gopinath, Ashok T. R., S. Chokkalingam, Sashaank S. Srijay","doi":"10.51248/.v43i02.2551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i02.2551","url":null,"abstract":"Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) involve the chondral and subchondral region typically. Most are secondary to trauma. The patients present with pain, stiffness, swelling. Diagnosis is made typically by clinical and radiological correlation. Treatment strategies employed can be conservative or surgical. This case report is of a 24-year-old male, who presented with pain on the right ankle ,for a chronic period following trauma. The patient was diagnosed with OLT and underwent surgical treatment (Right medial malleolus osteotomy +curettage of right talus + bone grafting  + reconstruction of the medial malleolus). This case study is aimed at understanding the various treatment strategies for OLT, both surgical and non-surgical and thus arriving at a conclusion. Treatment of osteochondral lesions is mainly by early screening in high-risk patients (trauma). Although outcomes are favorable in most of the cases, treatment should be individualized to every patient with adequate counseling of outcomes and complications.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46748749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on anemia among the reproductive age group women using a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) kit","authors":"J. Shetty K, Nanjesh Kumar S., Shrisharath K., Chandrika Rao","doi":"10.51248/.v43i02.2469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i02.2469","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Iron deficiency is the commonest nutritional disorder in the world. The common prevalent type of anemia is caused by nutritional factors, and it is particularly prevalent in women of childbearing age, pregnant women, and nursing mothers. Anemia is indicative of poor intake of nutrition and leads to ill health. The present study aims to estimate anemia among women of the childbearing age group at the field level using an RDT kit.\u0000 \u0000Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among reproductive age group women to estimate the hemoglobin using an RDT kit at the field level in the coastal area of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts.\u0000 \u0000Results: Out of 663 subjects, 17.3% participants were from the age group 35-39 and 40-44 years each. Based on the educational status, graduates and postgraduates accounted for 32.3%. Among the study subjects 63.34% were pregnant and lactating. 77.2% of the subjects were Hindus. Among the study subjects 59.57% had hemoglobin above 12 g/dl. 40.42% had <12 g/dl hemoglobin levels.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: The Hemocue 301 RDT kit can be used at the field levels for the estimation of hemoglobin by gross route health care works.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45297328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A safety profile of Siddha formulation Karisalai Chooranam in Wistar albino rats","authors":"Sulekha S. Mary Princess, Reddy G. Dayanand, Muthuvel A.","doi":"10.51248/.v43i02.394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i02.394","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Karisalai Chooranam (KSC) is used in the traditional Siddha system of medicine for a long time to treat various ailments in the body. Its antistress and antioxidant properties were reported earlier. Investigating the acute and long-term toxicity of Karisalai Chooranam in Wistar albino rats was the goal of the current study.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: For the acute toxicity investigation, Wistar rats were divided into four groups. For fourteen days, the animals were monitored for behavioural changes and toxicological complaints. For ninety days, a total of four categories of animal groups like control, forty mg/kg body weight, two hundred mg/kg body weight and thousand mg/kg body weight were utilized in a long - term toxicity study. The samples of blood were taken on the final day of the trial for biochemical and haematological examination. Animals were sacrificed for monitoring gross necropsy changes and histopathological examination of the liver, kidney and brain.\u0000 \u0000Results: There was no morbidity or death observed in the acute toxicity trial. In the research of long - term toxicity. KSC's haematological and biochemical parameters during analysis did not exhibit any appreciable changes. All the three doses of KSC, the renal and brain histology displayed normal architecture. When the medicine was given to the forty milligram and two hundred milligram dosage groups of animals for 90 days, no toxicity symptoms were present in the case of organ liver. After the medicine was given for 90 days to the thousand milligram dosage group, toxic signs such as programmed and localized cell death became apparent.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Toxicity studies proved the safety of KSC in animal models. If KSC is utilized clinically as prescribed in literature, it will not cause any adverse effects.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42066723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteoblastoma of the temporal bone – A familiar tumour at an uncommon site","authors":"Shubha P. Bhat, Premananda Kamat, T. Srinivas","doi":"10.51248/.v43i02.1479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i02.1479","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoblastoma is a benign bone tumour arising from the non-odontogenic epithelium. This tumour predominantly affects the vertebral column and long tubular bones such as the femur and tibia. Herein, we report a case of Osteoblastoma affecting temporal bone. Radiologically, it was thought to be an intraosseous meningioma, hemangioma, or eosinophilic granuloma. Histopathological examination of the tumour showed woven bone arranged in sheets and micro trabecular array, rimmed by a single layer of osteoblast, surrounded by lamellar bone. Intertrabecular spaces were composed of richly vascular fibrotic stroma, consistent with the diagnosis of osteoblastoma.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41393341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real world experience of Endoxifen augmentation therapy in a case of resistant OCD","authors":"S. Elangovan, Jayashri Sundaramoorthy, Saritha Dhuruvasan","doi":"10.51248/.v43i02.2554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i02.2554","url":null,"abstract":"About 40%–60% of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients do not achieve full remission even when treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and cognitive behavioural therapy. Here, we describe a case of a 30-year-old female suffering from OCD, who was not improved even after fluoxetine 80 mg per day and behavioural therapy and was successfully treated with low dose fluoxetine (60 mg/day) and Endoxifen (8 mg/day).","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49408706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}