Quarterly Journal of Political Science最新文献

{"title":"Local Labor Markets and Party Elite: Crafting Trade Policy in the United States House of Representatives","authors":"Adrienne Hosek, Lauren J. Peritz","doi":"10.1561/100.00020048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00020048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51622,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67073043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Unintended Effects of Bottom-Up Accountability: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Peru","authors":"Renard Sexton","doi":"10.1561/100.00020079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00020079","url":null,"abstract":"Past research suggests that increasing citizen political knowledge and coordination can improve government performance via “bottom-up accountability,” where mobilized local communities exert pressure on elected officials through democratic processes. A randomized field experiment in Peru demonstrates that interventions to promote bottom-up accountability can sometimes have unintended effects on government performance, among other outcomes. I find that accountability workshops reduce participation in the district’s “participatory budgeting” process and increase support for civil unrest as a tool for sanctioning politicians. Although the intervention increases the initiation of recalls for poor-performing mayors, these mayors respond to the recall threat by further reducing their effort. Taken together the evidence suggests that improved information and coordination of local elites is not sufficient to improve government performance where it has previously lagged and can in fact be counterproductive. ∗Postdoctoral Fellow, Niehaus Center, Princeton University; email: rsexton@princeton.edu. The intervention was designed and implemented in collaboration with Innovations for Poverty Action (Lima) and the Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado (CIPCA), a member of the Propuesta Ciudadana network. I thank Maria Luisa Zeta, Gonzalo Manrique and Juan Manuel Hernandez-Agramonte of IPA for their research assistance, as well as Epifanio Baca and Gustavo Avila of Propuesta Ciudadana, and gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research from the Governance Initiative of the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab at MIT. Thanks for helpful comments from Matthew Bird, Graeme Blair, Darin Christensen, Mike Findley, Mike Gilligan, Kosuke Imai, Livio di Lonardo, Mai Nguyen, Tom Pepinsky, Cyrus Samii, Jake Shapiro, and seminar participants at APSA, PELA and Polmeth. This research comes under IPA IRB Protocol no. 13696.","PeriodicalId":51622,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67072598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Civilian Targeting: The Unintended Consequences of Partial Peace","authors":"M. Prem, Andrés F. Rivera, Dario A. Romero, Juan F. Vargas","doi":"10.31235/osf.io/st96r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/st96r","url":null,"abstract":"Peace agreements may inadvertently increase selective violence against civilians when they are incomplete in two key dimensions. First, only a fraction of the existing armed groups participates of the agreement. Second, the legitimate government fails to establish institutional presence in the areas previously controlled by those who do participate. Under these two conditions, the resulting vacuum of power may attract active armed groups who engage in selective civilian victimization to obtain control. Studying the recent Colombian experience, we find that the permanent ceasefire declared by the FARC insurgency in 2014 led to a surge in the targeting of community leaders in former FARC strongholds, perpetrated by armed groups excluded from the peace process, with the goal of consolidating their dominance in those areas. Critically, selective victimization is attenuated by some dimensions of state capacity and exacerbated in places which are more valuable as proxied by the existence of recent land conflicts.","PeriodicalId":51622,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69652660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordination and Innovation in Judiciaries: Correct Law versus Consistent Law","authors":"Mehdi Shadmehr, Sepehr Shahshahani, Charles Cameron","doi":"10.1561/100.00019216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00019216","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51622,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67072420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rank Effect in Multimember District Elections","authors":"B. Song","doi":"10.1561/100.00021045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00021045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51622,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67072903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Out of Step and Still in Congress? Electoral Consequences of Incumbent and Challenger Positioning Across Time","authors":"Brandice Canes-Wrone, Michael R. Kistner","doi":"10.1561/100.00019222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00019222","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research suggests that the penalty congressional candidates pay for ideological extremism declined abruptly in 1994, when the House majority became competitive for the first time in decades. We reexamine congressional accountability in light of this evidence, first evaluating the centrality of 1994 as a turning point and then allowing that voters may not weigh incumbents’ and challengers’ positions equally. Several findings emerge. Even when the penalty for extremism is constrained to be equal for challengers and incumbents, accountability does not abruptly decline in 1994 but instead decreases gradually from 1980 through recent elections. Furthermore, once incumbent and challenger ideology are examined separately, the results on incumbents do not match those for challengers. Depending on the specification and ideology measure, incumbent accountability may stay similar, decrease, or even increase over time. By comparison, the relationship between challenger ideology and vote share consistently declines across electoral cycles. These results suggest that analyses treating incumbents and challengers identically will be prone to find decreased congressional accountability, even when the evidence on incumbents does not merit such a conclusion. ∗We are grateful to seminar participants at Columbia, Princeton, and Stanford GSB for helpful feedback. In addition, we thank David Brady, Adam Bonica, Gabriel Borelli, John Cogan, Gary Cox, Bob Erikson, John Kastellec, Eric Manning, Adam Meirowitz, and Nolan McCarty for valuable comments and Gary Jacobson for graciously providing his data on challenger quality and congressional elections. †Brandice Canes-Wrone is Donald E. Stokes Professor of Public and International Affairs, and Professor of Politics, Princeton University. bcwrone@princeton.edu. Ph: 609-258-9047. ‡Michael Kistner is a joint Ph.D. candidate in Politics and Social Policy, Princeton University. mkistner@princeton.edu. Ph: 309-531-0494. An enduring question in political science is the extent to which the ideological positions of congressional incumbents and challengers affect electoral outcomes. Among theories that predict some level of policy accountability, various hypotheses exist regarding whether and how candidates’ positions matter. Most empirical analysis has lacked measures of challengers’ ideological positions and accordingly, analyzed the roll call or announced positions of incumbents (e.g. Erikson and Wright 1993; Canes-Wrone, Brady, and Cogan 2002; Nyhan et al. 2012). This body of work offers considerable evidence that incumbent accountability exists, with those who are sufficiently “out of step” for their district faring worse at the voting booth. Recently, the development of candidate ideology estimates based on campaign contributors’ behavior has revolutionized the capacity to analyze the relationship between challengers’ ideological positions and electoral outcomes. The most widely used are the Bonica (2014) CFscores, which","PeriodicalId":51622,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67072962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policing Ethnicity: Lab-in-the-Field Evidence on Discrimination, Cooperation, and Ethnic Balancing in the Liberian National Police","authors":"R. Blair, S. Karim, M. Gilligan, K. Beardsley","doi":"10.1561/100.00019226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00019226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51622,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67072972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accountability and Inclusion in Customary Institutions: Evidence from a Village-Level Experiment in Zimbabwe","authors":"Kate Baldwin, Shylock Muyengwa, Eric Mvukiyehe","doi":"10.1561/100.00020110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00020110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51622,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67072663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic Civil War Aims and the Resource Curse","authors":"Jack Paine","doi":"10.1561/100.00020065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00020065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51622,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67073053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the Editors in Chief: A Farewell Message","authors":"Scott Ashworth, Joshua D. Clinton","doi":"10.1561/100.00022126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00022126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51622,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Political Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67073074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}