International Journal of Comparative Sociology最新文献

{"title":"Can nationalism and group conflict explain cultural and economic threat perceptions? Cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from the ISSP (1995–2013)","authors":"Marie-Sophie Callens, B. Meuleman","doi":"10.1177/00207152231177622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207152231177622","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines how nationalism, together with group conflict factors (namely, immigrant group size and economic conditions), affects ethnic threat perceptions over a period of almost 20 years across European and non-European countries. For this purpose, we analyze three rounds (1995, 2003, and 2013) of the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) National Identity Module using societal growth curve models. Our findings contribute to the ongoing discussion on the contextual drivers and dynamics of threat perceptions in various ways. First, our models show that nationalism is a highly relevant factor in explaining cultural as well as economic threats. However, nationalist attitudes operate purely at the individual level, as no effect of the group-level aggregate of nationalism is found. Second, the growth curve models make it possible to disentangle longitudinal effects (describing how threat perceptions evolve within countries) from cross-sectional patterns (describing the stable differences between countries). The longitudinal effects of group conflict variables deviate from the cross-sectional effects and are mostly insignificant. Given that these longitudinal effects are the litmus test for a causal interpretation, we must conclude that we find little to no evidence for the dynamic claims of group conflict theory. Finally, we detect an interaction between nationalism and labor market conditions: The impact of unemployment rates on threat perceptions is found to be contingent on the nationalist attitudes of individuals.","PeriodicalId":51601,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49424985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legitimation of earnings inequality between regular and non-regular workers: A comparison of Japan, South Korea, and the United States","authors":"Shin Arita, Kikuko Nagayoshi, H. Taki, H. Kanbayashi, Hirohisa Takenoshita, Takashi Yoshida","doi":"10.1177/00207152231176422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207152231176422","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores functions of labor market institutions in perpetuating earnings gap between different categories of workers with focusing on people’s views of earnings gap between regular and non-regular workers in Japan, South Korea, and the United States. An original cross-national factorial survey was conducted to measure the extent to which respondents admit earnings gap among workers with different characteristics. We found that Japanese and South Korean respondents tended to justify the earnings gap between regular and non-regular workers. In Japan, non-regular-worker respondents accepted the wide earnings gap against their economic interests, which was explained by assumed difference in responsibilities and on-the-job training opportunities. Specific institutional arrangements contribute to legitimating earnings gap between different categories of workers by attaching status value to the categories.","PeriodicalId":51601,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47478326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An international examination of the role of normative and cultural contexts on attitudinal support for intimate partner violence against wives","authors":"Brittany E. Hayes, Gillian M. Pinchevsky","doi":"10.1177/00207152231171159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207152231171159","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes World Values Survey data ( individual N = 63,307; country N = 53) to examine individual and national factors that shape attitudinal support toward men’s physical violence against their wives. We assess how the national context conditions direct individual-level effects. Greater national support toward this form of intimate partner violence exerts a positive effect on individuals’ supportive intimate partner violence attitudes. Cultural orientations affect supportive intimate partner violence attitudes, but the direction depends on whether they are measured at the individual (negative effect) or national level (positive effect). Cross-level interactions reveal that national context moderates individual-level effects between cultural orientation and egalitarian gender attitudes with intimate partner violence supportive attitudes.","PeriodicalId":51601,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48479679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Religious life in schooled society? A global study of the relationship between schooling and religiosity in 76 countries","authors":"Leandros Kavadias, B. Spruyt, T. Kuppens","doi":"10.1177/00207152231177238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207152231177238","url":null,"abstract":"The thesis that schooling inevitably leads to secularization continues to be debated. Indeed, while education has become a central and authoritative institution across the world, religiosity seems to persist. An alternative hypothesis proposes that recognizing the cultural aspects of the growth of “schooled societies” may reveal unexpected compatibilities between education and religiosity. However, research that both empirically integrates these aspects and examines their relationship with religiosity from a global perspective remains scarce. Against this background, this article first constructs a macro-level indicator that taps into cross-national variation in the different dimensions of “schooled societies.” Subsequently, we examine its relationship with the subjective importance of religion in people’s lives and individual-level educational differences in religiosity. Results based on data from 94,011 respondents across 76 countries show that in societies that are more “schooled,” people generally tend to be less religious. Moreover, the development of a schooled society moderates the relationship between educational attainment and religiosity. In societies that show more characteristics of a schooled society, especially less educated people are likely to remain religious. Finally, we found that our new indicator for the schooled society explained more variance than other, less fine-grained indicators of this concept. This illustrates the added value of a more comprehensive indicator for the role of schooling as an institution. In the conclusion, we use our findings to outline a research agenda.","PeriodicalId":51601,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48232299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Reproductive Rights as Human Rights: Women of Color and the Fight for Reproductive Justice","authors":"Ophra Leyser-Whalen","doi":"10.1177/00207152231183562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207152231183562","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51601,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","volume":"64 1","pages":"322 - 323"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48169614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Dissenting POWs: From Vietnam Hoa Lo Prison to America Today","authors":"Lester Andrist","doi":"10.1177/00207152231183522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207152231183522","url":null,"abstract":"One challenge of research that attempts to reconstruct a war discourse is that certain spaces are typically inaccessible. While public discussions in the United States about the nature of an enemy or consternation about whether the state is engaged in a just war are pervasive and can be readily ascertained through a careful read of media archives, access to the discourses that occur inside war prisons are another matter. War prisons, concentration camps, and the like not only detain bodies but also information. As some scholars maintain, such camps are the paradigmatic storehouses of hidden transcripts, and indeed, knowledge about their very existence is often restricted. Tom Wilber and Jerry Lembcke have overcome this challenge in their book Dissenting POWs: From Vietnam’s Hoa Lo Prison to America Today by carefully reconstructing of the discourse surrounding the Vietnam War, as it happened for both American soldiers inside the prisoner-ofwar (POW) camps and average Americans on the homefront. In their own words, Wilber and Lembcke sought to develop “the history of attempts to repress that dissent and purge it from public memory” (p. 11). The project appears to have personal significance for Tom Wilber, whose father, Navy pilot Gene Wilber, was shot down in 1968 and captured in North Vietnam. Wilber was captured and while in captivity, he came out against the United States’ involvement in Vietnam. Then, after Wilber’s release in 1973, journalist Mike Wallace interviewed him for CBS’s “60 Minutes.” “Had Wilber succumbed to torture in his antiwar statements broadcast by Radio Hanoi?” Wallace asked. Without making an overt accusation, the introduction helped promote an emergent retort to the antiwar protests of POWs. By framing dissent as the tainted view of veterans who had been either broken or brainwashed, state and media agents were able to effectively contain the volatility of that dissent. Although they do not explicitly make the connection, Wilber and Lembcke’s analysis engages what political theorist James C. Scott (1990) usefully refers to as the public transcripts, or the official interpretations of events that typically serve the interests of state elites. Crucially, the authors also dive into what Scott refers to as the hidden transcripts, or those interpretations which are quickly scuttled to the far margins of the official narrative and enshrouded in a cloud of suspicion. Thus, in addition to the television interviews and popular books, such as John Hubbell’s widely read P.O.W.: A Definitive History of the American Prisoner-of-War Experience in Vietnam, they also track down more hidden unfurlings of the antiwar discourse through documentary evidence and untelevised interviews with former administrators, guards, and staff workers from a North Vietnam war prison, which American POWs famously dubbed the “Hanoi Hilton.” 1183522 COS0010.1177/00207152231183522International Journal of Comparative SociologyBook reviews book-review2023","PeriodicalId":51601,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","volume":"64 1","pages":"316 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41659147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Super Polluters: Tackling the World’s Largest Sites of Climate-Disrupting Emissions","authors":"Richard York","doi":"10.1177/00207152231183563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207152231183563","url":null,"abstract":"justice,” they sometimes struggled with embracing reproductive justice as a deeper framework. At times, SisterSong received better reception with global organizations. SisterSong was ambitious, innovative, and progressive as they became involved in global, anti-racist activism as it affected women in multiple spheres such as the political, workplace, and family. SisterSong also demonstrated how the U.S. influences global conditions and how U.S. citizens can think globally to reduce suffering and promote human rights, which include reproductive rights. This also meant that U.S. women in the movement had to confront their global privilege. In essence, SisterSong was truly revolutionary in numerous ways as they adopted an intersectional approach before “intersectional” became a buzz word. SisterSong also moved reproductive rights discussions beyond disease models and refocused the idea of human rights beyond legal definitions. They also shifted perspectives on reproductive justice away from the individual instead concentrating on structures that can simultaneously create and alleviate problems. Essentially, SisterSong was attempting to create cultural shifts by facilitating the ways that people think about human and reproductive rights, hoping that those changes lead to action and change. Given the scope and novelty of this book, it should be considered for inclusion in graduate social movements courses as SisterSong is both a historical and contemporary case study, and reproductive justice movements are often overlooked in social movements literature. The book may also be well suited for rhetoric courses owing to Dr. Luna’s analysis of multiple messages and techniques that SisterSong used to motivate multiple audiences. Last, instructors designing nonprofit management courses may want to contemplate inclusion of this book given the snapshots we readers receive of the “soft skills” of leadership, communication, strategy, and intellectual labor that goes into serious and sustainable organization building. In essence, I hope that Dr. Luna’s enormous undertaking is widely acknowledged and gives SisterSong some well-deserved attention beyond smaller reproductive justice circles.","PeriodicalId":51601,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","volume":"64 1","pages":"323 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44198475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: A Decade of Upheaval: The Cultural Revolution in Rural China","authors":"Huiying Wei Hill","doi":"10.1177/00207152231183558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207152231183558","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51601,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","volume":"64 1","pages":"320 - 322"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48668555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Women Policing Across the Globe: Shared Challenges and Successes in the Integration of Women Police Worldwide","authors":"Bonnie Ernst","doi":"10.1177/00207152231183557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207152231183557","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51601,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","volume":"64 1","pages":"318 - 319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45128265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Varieties of capitalism and income inequality","authors":"M. Movahed","doi":"10.1177/00207152231174158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207152231174158","url":null,"abstract":"Why do countries diverge significantly in the levels of income inequality across the Global North? Most scholars believe that the answer lies in the ways that economic resources are organized through institutions. Drawing on a country-level, longitudinal dataset from 1985 to 2016 matched with three other data sources, the author explains how and to what extent institutions matter for income inequality across the “varieties of capitalism.” To sort countries based on their institutional similarities, the author conducts cluster analysis and examines the extent to which institutions predict variation in the levels of income inequality, both cross-nationally and within each cluster of countries. In cross-national, panel data regressions, strong evidence is presented that labor market interventions such as vocational rehabilitation programs as well as characteristics of corporate governance are important determinants of income inequality.","PeriodicalId":51601,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49425261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}