Politics and Governance最新文献_第5页

Human Security of Inuit and Sámi in the 21st Century: The Canadian and Finnish Cases 21 世纪因纽特人和萨米人的人类安全：加拿大和芬兰案例

IF 2.2 3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7254

Céline Rodrigues

{"title":"Human Security of Inuit and Sámi in the 21st Century: The Canadian and Finnish Cases","authors":"Céline Rodrigues","doi":"10.17645/pag.7254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7254","url":null,"abstract":"In a changing territorial and geopolitical moment of the Arctic region, are the Indigenous Peoples Organizations heard at the regional level and are the Arctic states working to keep them safe and secure? To safeguard the human security of Arctic Indigenous peoples, Arctic states (and their governments) have to understand the needs and changes that are affecting their way of life as well as to be able to cooperate between them. In a comparative study of Canada’s and Finland’s Arctic policies—Canada’s Arctic and Northern Policy Framework (2019) and Finland’s Strategy for Arctic Policy (2021)—it is possible to identify the applicability of the human security approach, which is influenced by the truth and reconciliation process between Canada and Inuit and Finland and Sámi. This process is a main factor in having their human rights respected and their human security safeguarded, considering that the relation between the countries of the North and the South of the Arctic countries is a discovery of their diversity (linguistical and cultural) in the 21st century. In my perspective, and for a participative democracy to be applied as mentioned by the green political theory (following the views of scholars like Barry, Eckersley, and Goodin), states and governments need to be open and recognise the gaps identified by those communities and transnational organisations.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"50 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139255275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policy 武装欧洲堡垒?欧盟军备政策中经济爱国主义的空间与手段

3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.17645/pag.v11i4.7231

Catherine Hoeffler

{"title":"Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policy","authors":"Catherine Hoeffler","doi":"10.17645/pag.v11i4.7231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7231","url":null,"abstract":"How does the EU adapt its policies in response to current global changes? Extant scholarship has shed light on the EU’s geopolitical turn by analysing it as either a shift away from neoliberalism or a reshuffling of EU–US relations. This article makes the case for studying how these two dynamics interact. To do so, I draw on the economic patriotism framework, which focuses on the links between types and spaces of economic interventionism. Economic patriotism instruments can take various forms depending on their type (liberal/protectionist instruments) and space of reference (national/EU/transatlantic/international). From this perspective, the EU has responded to global changes by shifting from liberal to protectionist instruments of economic patriotism. However, the design of these policy instruments reflects compromises between the preferences of policymakers who adopt liberal/protectionist and Europeanist/Atlanticist positions. As policy instruments can create room for compromise because they allow various positions to converge, EU protectionist economic instruments cater to Atlanticist and liberal preferences too. This article illustrates this argument by means of EU armament policy. Using official documents and interviews, I analyse changes in EU economic patriotism by looking at the two major policy instruments: the 2009 Defence Procurement Directive and the 2021 European Defence Fund. Whereas the 2009 Directive reflected liberal economic patriotism anchored in the transatlantic space, the European Defence Fund illustrates tensions between types and spaces of economic interventionism in the EU’s geopolitical turn: Some clauses protect the EU from foreign interference, but its political-economic space of reference remains strongly transatlantic.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135341651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

EU Renewable Energy Governance and the Ukraine War: Moving Ahead Through Strategic Flexibility? 欧盟可再生能源治理与乌克兰战争:通过战略灵活性向前推进?

3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.17645/pag.v11i4.7361

Aron Buzogány, Stefan Ćetković, Tomas Maltby

{"title":"EU Renewable Energy Governance and the Ukraine War: Moving Ahead Through Strategic Flexibility?","authors":"Aron Buzogány, Stefan Ćetković, Tomas Maltby","doi":"10.17645/pag.v11i4.7361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7361","url":null,"abstract":"When faced with highly heterogeneous national conditions and preferences, the EU has often resorted to differentiation to ensure political support for advancing common policies. Despite growing scholarly interest in differentiation in the EU, conceptual clarity and empirical evidence of different forms of differentiation are still in a nascent stage. Particularly the use of differentiation in times of crisis needs to be better understood. To address this research gap, we investigate differentiation in the EU renewable energy policy in response to the crisis stirred by Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. We find that the EU successfully used the Ukraine crisis to increase the ambition of renewable energy policy, but this was accompanied by various and often novel forms of differentiation. Rather than formally exempting countries from common EU provisions (differentiated integration), EU decision-makers strategically incorporated flexibility in implementation, often tailored to a few outlier countries. Strategic flexibility was instrumental in overcoming political disagreements among national governments and adopting a more ambitious and comprehensive renewable energy policy. Our findings contribute conceptually and empirically to understanding various forms of differentiation in EU policymaking and how they are employed to facilitate the building of political majorities during crises.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"11 19","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Institutional Ingredients of Polycrisis Management: Unpacking European Council’s Handling of the Energy Crisis 多重危机管理的制度要素:解读欧洲理事会对能源危机的处理

3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.17645/pag.v11i4.7345

Sandrino Smeets, Derek Beach

{"title":"The Institutional Ingredients of Polycrisis Management: Unpacking European Council’s Handling of the Energy Crisis","authors":"Sandrino Smeets, Derek Beach","doi":"10.17645/pag.v11i4.7345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7345","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses how the European Council and the institutional infrastructure that supports it have been managing the early stages of the energy crisis. This was the time when the European Council, as the “control room” of EU crisis management, was unable to come up with any solutions to high energy prices. It makes a methodological and empirical contribution to the debate on how the European Council system manages (poly)crises. Methodologically, we introduce the method of embedded process tracing to study EU crisis management from within. Embedded process tracing combines mainstream causal process tracing techniques with elements from interpretivist approaches, to deal with context dependency, case heterogeneity, and empirical density. Empirically, we offer a process-management analysis of the first nine months of the energy crisis. We delineate the roles of various actors and institutions: the president of the European Council, the Council Secretariat, the Commission president, and the Commission Services. We unpack the crucial ingredients of polycrisis management: how to get and keep an issue on the agenda, how to shape and steer European-Council-level debates and conclusions, and how to ensure a proper follow-up by the Commission and the Council. Finally, we re-assess the image of the malfunctioning control room and show the causal relevance of the European Council’s early performance.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"29 29","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Governing Arctic Seals: A Longitudinal Analysis of News and Policy Discourse 管理北极海豹:新闻和政策话语的纵向分析

3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7304

Charlotte Gehrke

{"title":"Governing Arctic Seals: A Longitudinal Analysis of News and Policy Discourse","authors":"Charlotte Gehrke","doi":"10.17645/pag.7304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7304","url":null,"abstract":"Arctic states, regional and local authorities, NGOs, and Indigenous communities have debated how Arctic seals should be governed for more than a century. This governance discourse covers a wide array of issues, from seal hunting and the sale of animal products to the impacts of pollution and climate change. This article examines the frames used by political entities to discuss the regional governance of Arctic seals in the North American Arctic from 1900–2020, a period defined by landmark agreements on seals. Informed by framing and agenda-setting theory, the article employs textual analysis of policy documents and newspaper articles. These serve as a source of information and space for policy advocacy and debate to study political entities’ discourse regarding the issues and policies that shape Arctic seal governance. The analysis focuses on English-language texts from regional and local newspapers and international newspapers of record. The article identifies four dominant frames, namely perceived threats to (a) economic revenue, (b) animal welfare, (c) Indigenous ways of life, and (d) threats emanating from the involvement of NGOs in Arctic regional governance. Each of these frames is associated with one or multiple political entities involved in the regional governance of seals. The article demonstrates how the dominance of these entities and the frames they employ varies over time and corresponds to several anthropogenic threats to seals, including commercial hunting, pollution, and climate change. The article concludes that tensions between local and regional entities and international and non-Arctic entities are reflective of broader Arctic regional governance dynamics.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"52 S259","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135341652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital Transformation and Digital Competences of Urban and Rural Polish Youths 波兰城乡青年的数字化转型和数字化能力

3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7381

Łukasz Tomczyk

{"title":"Digital Transformation and Digital Competences of Urban and Rural Polish Youths","authors":"Łukasz Tomczyk","doi":"10.17645/pag.7381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7381","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the level of digital competence of young people in Poland, with the indirect aim being to show the differences in the level of digital competence for adolescents living in rural and urban areas. The research covered a sample of 985 respondents, from 11–18 years old, from Poland. The research was carried out within the EU Kids Online network. The survey tool related to the assessment of digital competences covered issues of installation of software on mobile devices, configuration of internet access as pertains to confidential information, information security awareness, management of information downloaded from the internet, configuration of social networks, e-shopping, verification of costs related to the use of additional software, advanced information search, checking the reliability of information, and editing online content. Descriptive statistics, k-means cluster analysis, one-way analysis of variance (non-parametric test), and correlations were used to show the differences between rural and urban adolescents in the indicated areas. The collected data offer several postulates for education and education policy, being not only diagnostic but also implementational. Based on the analysis of the data, it was noted that: (a) Eleven areas related to basic digital competence strongly differentiate between urban and rural young people; (b) rural young people rate their own digital competence lower than urban young people do; (c) a small percentage of young people from both rural and urban areas have low digital competence; (d) one well-developed area of key competence does not always co-occur with another well-developed area; and (e) the style of using new media among rural and urban young people is similar.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"63 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135341900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Semiconductor and ICT Industrial Policy in the US and EU: Geopolitical Threat Responses 美国和欧盟的半导体和信息通信技术产业政策:地缘政治威胁的回应

3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.17645/pag.v11i4.7031

Shawn Donnelly

引用次数: 1

Legitimisation of Foreign Direct Investment Screening Among Business Actors: The Danish Case 外国直接投资审查在商业行为者中的合法化:丹麦案例

3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.17645/pag.v11i4.7258

Anna Vlasiuk Nibe

{"title":"Legitimisation of Foreign Direct Investment Screening Among Business Actors: The Danish Case","authors":"Anna Vlasiuk Nibe","doi":"10.17645/pag.v11i4.7258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7258","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a conspicuous shift in the European Union’s perception of economic interdependence and open markets, manifested in a mushrooming number of screening policies aimed at verifying foreign direct investments raising national security concerns. The introduction of these policies can be viewed as a market constraint that might negatively affect business operations, so it is puzzling that some European business actors did not actively resist their adoption, despite having wide lobbying opportunities in Europe. I explore this puzzle using the case of Denmark by drawing on theories of securitisation and preference formation under uncertainty. I argue that business actors established their policy preferences in the context of uncertainty and the gradual increase in security framing by the European and local political elites. Exposed to these increasing security discourses across different levels and networks, businesses adjusted their policy preferences, balancing between different identities. The flexibility inherent in a multilevel and evolving securitisation process led to the legitimisation of investment screening policies among interest groups and mitigated their resistance to the imposition of market constraints on security grounds.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"4 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Migrants' Voter Turnout in the Home Country Elections: Non‐Integration or Political Anchor? 移民在母国选举中的投票率:非融合还是政治锚?

3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7396

Sergiu Gherghina, Adrian Basarabă

引用次数: 0

Reject, Reject, Reject...Passed! Explaining a Latecomer of Emigrant Enfranchisement 拒绝，拒绝，拒绝…通过!解释移民公民权姗姗来迟

3区社会学

Politics and Governance Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.17645/pag.7331

Victoria Finn, Juan Pablo Ramaciotti

{"title":"Reject, Reject, Reject...Passed! Explaining a Latecomer of Emigrant Enfranchisement","authors":"Victoria Finn, Juan Pablo Ramaciotti","doi":"10.17645/pag.7331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7331","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the extensive spread of external voting across the world, exceptions remain as some countries have not passed such regulations (e.g., Uruguay) or have passed them but lag implementation (e.g., Nicaragua). Others still took a long time to join the trend, possibly presenting a pushback to the commonly accepted notion of norm diffusion to explain migrant enfranchisement. We examine a latecomer by asking why Chile took so long to enfranchise emigrants. Classified as a liberal democracy with a century of legal history of foreign-resident voting, it repeatedly rejected proposed bills on external voting since 1971. Chile enacted external voting only in 2014, regulated it in 2016, and applied it in 2017. Through legal historical content analysis, we identify which political actors proposed the bills, when, and why each failed. Left and right-leaning actors gave normative, legal, and procedural reasons that resulted in rejection and stagnation at various institutional stages. This latecomer’s constitutional tradition, strongly focused on territory and territorial links, potentially sheds light on dozens of other country cases of late adoption of the external franchise.","PeriodicalId":51598,"journal":{"name":"Politics and Governance","volume":"11 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0