Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease最新文献

{"title":"Potential novel role of asthma biologics as rescue therapy in the intensive care unit for life-threatening asthma exacerbations: a systematic review.","authors":"Lorenzo Carriera, Pier Valerio Mari, Roberto Barone, Simone Ielo, Emanuele Cataldo, Michela Di Tomasso, Michela Bezzi, Andrea Smargiassi, Riccardo Inchingolo, Angelo Coppola","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2025.3319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe asthma exacerbations have high morbidity and mortality. The management can be challenging, and the optimal strategy for patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with life-threatening and near-fatal asthma has not been fully defined. An interesting area of research is represented by the rescue or compassionate use of biological drugs when all treatments fail, including advanced interventions such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. This systematic review analyzes the cases described in the literature and discusses characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of patients who received asthma-approved monoclonal antibodies as rescue therapy following admission to the ICU due to near-fatal asthma exacerbations or status asthmaticus refractory to conventional treatments. A total of 14 studies (13 case reports and 1 case series) were included according to the prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Various monoclonal antibodies were administered, most commonly benralizumab and omalizumab. Treatment was generally initiated within the first week of ICU admission, with nearly half of the patients receiving therapy within 5 days. Further research, including randomized controlled trials, is required to assess if this therapeutic option impacts ICU outcomes, which specific biologics could be used, and their eventual optimal timing and dosage.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers in atypical pneumonia: a systematic review of diagnostic and prognostic utility.","authors":"Debashis Priyadarshan Sahoo, Bikash Ranjan Rout","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2025.3564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atypical pneumonia, driven by pathogens like Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila, is challenging to diagnose due to non-specific symptoms. This systematic review assessed the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of biomarkers in atypical pneumonia. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2000-2024) identified 27 studies, including observational, cohort, case-control, and review designs. Studies focused on biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), ferritin, D-dimer, and pathogen-specific antibodies, with quality evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and AMSTAR 2. CRP was elevated in 85% of cases, with a pooled sensitivity of 82.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 76.5-88.1, I²=78%] but moderate specificity (65.2%, 95% CI 58.0-72.4). PCT exhibited high specificity (88.7%, 95% CI 83.2-94.2, I²=65%) for bacterial etiologies, making it valuable for distinguishing bacterial from viral infections. Anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae immunoglobulin M (IgM) showed excellent diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 90.1%, 95% CI 85.0-95.2). Ferritin levels >400 ng/mL were strongly associated with severe outcomes [odds ratio (OR) 3.15, 95% CI 2.10-4.72, I²=70%]. Elevated biomarkers correlated with increased hospitalization (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.95-3.96) and mortality (OR 3.42, 95% CI 2.30-5.08). Heterogeneity was significant (I²=65-78%), reflecting variability in study populations and methods. PCT and anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM enhance diagnostic precision, while ferritin and CRP are robust prognostic markers. Standardized biomarker thresholds are essential to optimize their clinical utility and improve patient outcomes in atypical pneumonia management.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of tuberculosis infection among patients undergoing regular hemodialysis: a multicenter study in Egypt.","authors":"Wagdy Amin, Nehal Nafea, Salah Abdel Sattar, Mohamed El Adawy, Nadia Ragab, Amal Tohamy, Lara Refaat, Ghada Ahmed Fouad, Gehan Abdel Samad, Yousra A El-Maradny, Rasha Ashmawy","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2025.3442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dear Editor, About one-third of the human population is presently infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and about 10% during their life develop active tuberculosis (TB) (5% during the first 2 years following infection)...</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent tuberculosis infection in patients with psoriasis using biologic therapies.","authors":"Fernanda Luiza Staub, André Kulzer Santos, Raimunda Sinthia Lima de Braga, Marina Scheffer de Souza, João Vitor Vigne Duz, Gean Souza Ramos, Juliana Catucci Boza, Denise Rossato Silva","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2025.3538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in patients with psoriasis and a higher risk of active tuberculosis (TB) in patients with severe psoriasis. The objective of this study is to identify the prevalence of LTBI before starting treatment with different biologicals and to identify the prevalence of LTBI and active TB while using these medications. We conducted a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection in the outpatient department of dermatology at a general, tertiary care, university-affiliated hospital. The electronic medical records of all adult patients (≥18 years old) with psoriasis undergoing treatment with biologics were reviewed, and information about psoriasis, the type of biological therapy used, and the tuberculin skin test (TST) results were collected. The patients included had an indication for the TST test according to the Ministry of Health. In total, 126 patients were included in the study. The median duration of disease was 20 years. A total of 31 patients (24.6%) had LTBI diagnosed at screening before the use of biologicals, and an additional 17 (17.9%) patients had a diagnosis of LTBI during biological therapy. There were no cases of active TB during treatment with biologicals. There was no difference in the prevalence of LTBI during treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, interleukin (IL)-17 inhibitors, IL-23 inhibitors, and IL-12/23 inhibitors (p=0.228). In conclusion, we found that 24.6% of patients with psoriasis in an endemic TB region had LTBI. Additionally, 16.8% had a diagnosis of LTBI during biological therapy. Our data corroborate the recommendation that patients who live in high TB incidence settings should be tested annually for LTBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacist-led education intervention to improve pulmonary tuberculosis treatment adherence through the Health Belief Model in Malaysia: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Rabbiya Ahmad, Siti Maisharah Sheikh Ghadzi, Irfhan Ali Bin Hyder Ali, Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman, Amer Hayat Khan","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2025.3474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where treatment adherence is critical to improving patient outcomes and mitigating drug resistance. In Malaysia, challenges in adherence to TB treatment regimens continue to hinder disease control efforts. This study protocol outlines a pharmacist-led educational intervention to improve treatment adherence among pulmonary TB patients. This randomized controlled trial will enroll 206 pulmonary TB patients from public healthcare facilities in Penang, Malaysia, divided equally into intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive tailored educational counseling sessions delivered by pharmacists at baseline and during months 2, 4, and 6, using materials developed by the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control TB treatment guidelines. The control group will receive standard care. The pharmacist-led educational intervention will be structured around the Health Belief Model framework to systematically address psychological determinants of adherence. Adherence will be measured using the Medication Adherence Report Scale-5. Data will be collected at baseline and subsequent intervals to assess changes over time. The primary outcome will be to improve the treatment adherence of the pulmonary TB patients. The secondary outcomes will measure knowledge of the TB disease and health-related quality of life. This protocol describes a novel, theory-driven approach to addressing adherence barriers in TB treatment through pharmacist-led education. The study aims to contribute to the global effort to control TB and improve patient outcomes by providing evidence of the intervention's impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the clinical profile of community-acquired pneumonia: a cross-sectional study in northeast India.","authors":"Annu Gupta, K G Lynrah, Monaliza Lyngdoh, Iadarilang Tiewsoh, Baphiralyn Wankhar, Debashis Priyadarshan Sahoo, Bhupen Barman, Mohammad Jamil, Gwenette Andrea War","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2025.3549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) continues to pose a significant public health burden in India, particularly in the northeastern region, where data on microbial etiology and resistance patterns remain scarce. This cross-sectional observational analytical study, conducted over one year at a tertiary care center in northeast India, analyzed 117 adult patients with clinico-radiologically confirmed CAP to elucidate their clinical, epidemiological, and microbiological profiles. The cohort was predominantly male (76.9%), with a mean age of 52 years, and the most affected age group was 31-40 years. Hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the most common comorbidities. Cough, breathlessness, and fever were the leading symptoms. Sputum cultures were positive in 42.7% of cases, with a striking predominance of gram-negative organisms (94%), especially Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas species. Alarmingly, high resistance rates were observed for widely used antibiotics such as ceftriaxone and cefuroxime, while meropenem, amikacin, and ertapenem retained high sensitivity. These findings emphasize the critical need for tailored, region-specific empirical treatment strategies in light of emerging antibiotic resistance trends in CAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of post-COVID syndrome across a multitude of health domains: a comparative analysis in previously hospitalized <i>versus</i> non-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors.","authors":"Elif Yildirim, Ipek Ozmen, Meral Sahin, Begum Ozpolat, Ahmet Kursat Karaman, Emine Aksoy","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2025.3416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of post-COVID syndrome across a multitude of health domains among COVID-19 survivors via comparative analysis in previously hospitalized vs. non-hospitalized patients. A total of 158 adult COVID survivors who had symptoms that continued during post-COVID recovery were included in this prospective observational study. Data on handgrip strength, the 1-minute sit-to-stand test (1-MSTST), radiological scoring (CXR), Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnea, Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Post-COVID-19 Functional Status, Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale, and Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) health-related quality of life (SF-36 HRQoL) were recorded. Post-COVID 1st-month data revealed dyspnea (MRC scale ≥2 in 57.0% of patients) and fatigue (FAS scores ≥22 in 55.7%), a decrease in handgrip strength (60.0%) and physical activity (60.0%), poor HRQoL (SF-36 general health score ≤50 in 61.4%), and radiological disease progression (CXR score ≥3 in 56.8%) in at least half of patients, along with depression (34.8%) or anxiety (43.7%). Post-COVID 6th-month values for fat-free mass index (p=0.008, respectively), 1-MSTST recovery time (p=0.012), and 3rd-month CXR scores (p=0.024) were significantly higher, and 3rd-month SF-36 social functioning domain scores (p=0.026) were significantly lower in previously hospitalized vs. non-admitted patients. In conclusion, our findings indicate a diverse range of impairments in several health domains in COVID-19 survivors, while radiological disease progression and functional limitations were more remarkable in those with previous hospitalization. A comprehensive assessment of health status and persisting rehabilitation needs is necessary in COVID-19 survivors, regardless of disease severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of patient counseling on medication adherence and drug resistance patterns in tuberculosis patients.","authors":"Sanatkumar Bharamu Nyamagoud, Princy Domnic Dsouza, Sai Phalguna Prakash Chitralu, Kadambari Solankure, Agadi Hiremath Viswanatha Swamy","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2025.3434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a primary global health concern, with non-adherence to anti-TB therapy contributing to prolonged infectiousness, treatment failure, and unfavorable outcomes. Despite established treatment protocols, adherence remains suboptimal due to patient-related, healthcare system, and socioeconomic barriers. This study aimed to identify key factors contributing to non-adherence and to evaluate the impact of structured patient counselling on treatment adherence. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Vivekananda General Hospital, Hubballi, India, involving 80 hospitalized TB patients. Data collection included demographic details and medication adherence scores, measured before and one month after counseling using the Medication Adherence Report Scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 27.0, with Pearson's correlation applied to assess changes in adherence. The mean adherence scores significantly increased from 4.24±1.452 to 7.05±1.525 following counseling (p=0.006). The most commonly reported barriers to adherence included forgetfulness (62.5%), limited access to healthcare (50%), and poor communication with healthcare providers (47.75%). These findings highlight the effectiveness of structured counseling in improving adherence among TB patients. Addressing both individual and systemic barriers through targeted counseling interventions should be considered an integral component of TB care strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to escape from sudden death: a challenging case of a rare cardiomyopathy with an unexpected twist.","authors":"Luísa Pinheiro, Margarida De Castro, Filipa Cordeiro, Tamara Pereira, Francisco Ferreira, Víctor Sanfins, António Lourenço, Olga Azevedo","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2025.3526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 59-year-old man presented with recurrent syncope and was found to have bifascicular block and severe concentric left ventricular hypertrophy. A permanent double-chamber pacemaker was implanted. Initial investigations revealed elevated transferrin saturation and homozygosity for the HFE gene p.C282Y variant, indicating hereditary hemochromatosis. However, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed inferolateral intramyocardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) without evidence of iron deposition, raising suspicion for Fabry disease (FD). This was confirmed by low α-galactosidase A activity and detection of the pathogenic GLA p.F113L variant. Multisystemic evaluation revealed additional FD manifestations, and enzyme replacement therapy was initiated, later switched to oral migalastat. The patient subsequently developed left ventricular systolic dysfunction and apical thrombus, attributed to high ventricular pacing burden, and was scheduled for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device implantation. Before the upgrade, he suffered a cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation, associated with coronary artery stenosis, requiring CRT-D implantation. Despite device therapy and amiodarone initiation, recurrent ventricular tachycardias (VTs) persisted, leading to percutaneous coronary intervention and electrical stability. This case highlights the diagnostic complexity of overlapping cardiac diseases, the significance of inferolateral LGE and conduction abnormalities in suspecting FD, and the crucial role of family screening. The p.F113L variant is associated with late-onset, cardiac-predominant FD, where bradyarrhythmias are more prognostically relevant, but concurrent pathologies like coronary artery disease must be considered in VT presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interleukin-18 cytokine gene polymorphism 137G/C (rs187238) and susceptibility to tuberculosis in north India.","authors":"Karan Gupta, Vibha Uppal, Pranav Ish, Shubham Singh Chauhan, Sibasish Patro, Neeraj Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2025.3545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) regained its position globally as the leading cause of mortality from a single infectious agent after being surpassed by COVID-19 for 3 years consecutively. Host genetic factors, particularly cytokine gene polymorphisms, play a significant role in influencing susceptibility to TB. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine involved in immune regulation against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association of IL-18 gene polymorphism (rs187238) with susceptibility to TB and its effect on serum IL-18 levels in a north Indian population. A case-control study was conducted with 100 newly diagnosed TB patients (pulmonary and extrapulmonary) and 100 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Serum IL-18 levels were measured using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the IL-18 gene polymorphism at rs187238 was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The association between IL-18 polymorphism, TB susceptibility, and serum IL-18 levels was statistically evaluated. Mean serum IL-18 levels were significantly elevated in TB patients (400.42±149.58 pg/mL) compared to controls (96.05±40.67 pg/mL; p<0.01). The distribution of IL-18 genotypes showed that individuals with GC/CC genotypes had a significantly lower risk of developing TB compared to the GG genotype [odds ratio (OR)=0.31; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.20-0.88; p=0.0167]. Additionally, the C allele conferred a protective effect against TB (OR=0.33; 95% CI=0.22-0.51; p<0.0001). Serum IL-18 concentrations varied significantly with genotype, with the highest levels observed in CC genotype carriers in both cases and controls (p<0.01). Thus, our study suggests that IL-18 polymorphism at rs187238 significantly influences susceptibility to TB in the north Indian population. The C allele and GC/CC genotypes appear to confer a protective effect, possibly through modulation of IL-18 serum levels. IL-18 rs187238 polymorphism may serve as an independent predictive marker for TB risk, though larger studies are recommended for validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}