Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease最新文献

{"title":"Quality of life, compliance with treatment, and challenges among patients undergoing cardiac intervention.","authors":"Shiv Kumar Mudgal, Ashis Ranjan, Vipin Patidar, Rakhi Gaur, Rajat Agarwal","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.3178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.3178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with important economic and quality-of-life implications. Effective treatment relies on drug adherence, which is impacted by a variety of factors; noncompliance increases morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This study examines the quality of life, treatment adherence factors, and challenges that cardiac patients encounter during their treatment regimen. A cross-sectional study among 111 cardiac patients through purposive sampling was done at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences Deoghar between January 2023 and April 2024. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, quality of life, and treatment adherence were gathered and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics while adhering to ethical guidelines and participant privacy. The research of 111 cardiac patients (76.6% male, mean age 56.45 years) revealed that the majority had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (83.8%), with many preferring private hospitals (58.6%). High medication adherence (82.0%) and regular follow-up (71.2%) were noted, although lifestyle improvements such as smoking cessation were less prevalent. Significant concerns in barriers were reported, including financial difficulties (35.1%) and accessibility of prescribed drugs (45.9%). Quality of life was generally reported as high, with most patients reporting no significant problem. This study reveals excellent adherence to medications and regular follow-up among participants. However, significant impediments such as financial constraints and accessibility issues for prescribed drugs continue to have an influence on treatment. Despite these limitations, patients often report a high quality of life, underscoring the complex interplay of medical, economic, and lifestyle aspects in cardiovascular health management.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small airway involvement in severe asthma: how common is it and what are its implications?","authors":"Dhruv Talwar, Sourabh Pahuja, Deepak Prajapat, Kanishka Kumar, Anupam Prakash, Deepak Talwar","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.3005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.3005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory disease affecting all age groups globally, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Small airway involvement, often undetected by traditional spirometry, has emerged as a critical aspect of asthma pathophysiology, especially in severe cases. This retrospective observational study aimed to assess small airway dysfunction using impulse oscillometry (IOS) in 94 severe asthma patients. Results indicated that 27.3% of patients had small airway obstruction. While spirometry showed no statistical differences between groups, IOS parameters were significantly different, highlighting its sensitivity in detecting small airway disease. Patients with small airway involvement exhibited poorer asthma control, emphasizing the clinical relevance of identifying and addressing small airway dysfunction. The study underscores the need for comprehensive evaluation tools like IOS alongside spirometry, especially in severe asthma management. Further large-scale studies are warranted to validate IOS's utility in optimizing therapeutic strategies and improving asthma control, particularly in resource-limited settings. Recognizing and addressing small airway involvement could lead to individualized management approaches and better outcomes in severe asthma patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of distance walked in audio signal-modified shuttle walk test with six-minute walk test.","authors":"Rishi Gopalakrishnan, Richa Hirendra Rai, Rupak Singla, Lokender Kumar, Nidhi Chandra Ponath Sivan","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.3195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.3195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The literature review suggested that the audio signal-modified shuttle walk test (SWTSR) was equally reliable and valid when compared to the conventional shuttle walk test. A comparison of SWTSR with the six-minute walk test (6MWT), which is considered the gold standard in walk tests, allowed us to evaluate the SWTSR and determine its validity and reliability as an alternative or supplement to the 6MWT. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between the distances walked during a SWTSR and the 6MWT in healthy, normal adults. The study recruited 42 healthy normal adults who underwent 6MWT and SWTSR on the same day. The correlation was assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient, and agreement between the tests was assessed using a Bland-Altman plot. Additionally, the acceptability of the modified test in comparison to the 6MWT was assessed by the Likert scale. The distances walked (mean ± standard deviation) in the 6MWT and SWTSR were 693.8±58.3 and 951.4±139.7 m, respectively (Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.918). The distance covered by the study participants in the 6MWT and SWTSR showed a strong correlation with spirometry results. The SWTSR induced a greater physiological response compared to the 6MWT. The acceptability of the SWTSR was comparable to that of the 6MWT. The distance walked in the SWTSR shows a strong positive correlation with the 6MWT and has comparable acceptability with the 6MWT. The SWTSR may provide a better index of the patient's ability for his activities of daily living and may be a better measure for studying exercise tolerance than the 6MWT in certain clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of health-related quality of life in respiratory disease patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital.","authors":"Princy Domnic Dsouza, Sai Phalguna Prakash Chitralu, Vinod Ashok Koujalagi, Chandrashekhar Mallikarjun Patil, Sanatkumar Bharamu Nyamagoud, Agadi Hiremath Viswanatha Swamy","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.3146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.3146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In India, respiratory tract infections (RTI) are a significant public health concern, particularly among children and the elderly. The quality of life (QoL) of patients is greatly impacted by RTI. Enhancing patient care and treatment approaches requires an understanding of the variables that influence health-related QoL (HRQoL). Our study's goal was to assess patients' HRQoL using the St. George Respiratory Questionnaires (SGRQ) in those with respiratory diseases. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the inpatient department of Vivekananda Hospital, Hubli, over 6 months from August 1, 2023, to January 31, 2024. After fulfilling the inclusion requirements, 200 people were included in the study. In 200 patients, while assessing the QoL, we found a significant correlation between age, diagnosis, some biomarkers, smoking, days of hospitalization, the severity of disease, residency, antibiotics, income, and education with HRQoL using SGRQ questionnaires. Our study highlights that HRQoL is impaired in patients with RTI. Age positively correlated with symptoms, activity, and impact, especially in ages 55-69 years and 70-84 years. No correlation was found between gender, comorbidities, and alcohol consumption. Higher C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels were associated with greater impact and activity limitations. Our research concluded that several factors might impact a patient's HRQoL with respiratory disease. Determining these factors in advance can help identify individuals who are more likely to have poorer HRQoL and make interventions that could improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary infection with an unusual microorganism.","authors":"Mohammad Samet, Hossein Soleimani Salehabadi","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.2643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.2643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary trichomoniasis is an underdiagnosed disease. In most cases, there is an underlying clinical condition related to immunosuppression. The results of molecular biology techniques indicate that trichomonad infections have been significantly underestimated. A 7-year-old girl with a medical history of suspected juvenile rheumatoid arthritis presented with a fever, chills, and a productive cough. Her chest computed tomography scan indicated a pericardial effusion and consolidation in the left lower lobe. In direct microscopy of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, we identified a motile and flagellated organism. Based on the morphology, size, and rolling motility, we identified this organism as Trichomonas hominis. The patient's fever stopped after 3 days of intravenous metronidazole administration. In immunocompromised patients with evidence of pneumonia, sputum or bronchial samples should be examined more carefully. The possibility of unusual pathogens should be considered if they do not respond to antibacterial treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quitting tobacco through quitline services: impact in India.","authors":"Raj Kumar, Manoj Kumar, Sukriti Raj, Rachna Rachna, Jyoti Mishra, Shyam Mani Dubey, Sourav Kumar, Dileep Kumar Arisham, Gunjan Goutam, Anil Kumar Mavi","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.2976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.2976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tobacco quitline services offer telephone-based counseling to assist tobacco users in quitting through behavioral modification. It is a sponsored scheme by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. The present study has two objectives: primarily, to study the correlation between socio-demographic variables and tobacco abuse, and secondly, to study the impact of National Tobacco Quit-Line Services (NTQLS) in India. The data for the study was collected from the registered callers who have completed at least one year of follow-ups at NTQLS, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, between May 2016 and May 2021. The questionnaire was directly administered to the people who had called NTQLS for the first time to quit tobacco use. Callers were provided one year of continuous follow-up to ensure they remain long-term abstinent from tobacco and permanently quit. All the data were managed through an electronic database. A total of 85,807 individuals' data was taken for the study. The maximum number of callers were from Uttar Pradesh (28.03%), followed by Rajasthan (24.67%) and Madhya Pradesh (7.59%). The female population represented only 1.43%; the male population was significantly higher (98.57%). Youth (44.83%) and adults (53.78%) were more than seniors (0.9%) and adolescents (0.4%). Smokeless tobacco users (67.32%) were more common than smoking tobacco users (20.11%). Duration of tobacco use among the 71.74% of callers was found to be between 1 and 10 years; the remaining 24.03% had been using tobacco for over 10 years, while 4.23% were novice users. The abstinence rate achieved by NTQLS was 33.42% after one month of quitting and 21.91% after one year of quitting. We found a significant association between tobacco users' socioeconomic and demographic status. The number of male tobacco users was significantly higher than the number of female tobacco users. Among all the tobacco users, youth was persistently using tobacco the most. Individuals from low socio-economic status were more likely to use tobacco as compared to those from high socioeconomic status. These associations indicate the need for strengthening the enforcement of tobacco control policies and developing and monitoring comprehensive smoke-free legislation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the clinical features of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an observational cross-sectional study.","authors":"Gaukhar Kurmanova, Almas Zhanaev, Akzharkyn Kaldybek, Balkiya Abdrakhmanova, Almira Akparova","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.3128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.3128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COVID-19 infection is a detrimental combination for patients and can cause negative clinical consequences. The investigation aimed to compare sociodemographic and clinical parameters of COPD individuals hospitalized for exacerbations before and at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. An observational cross-sectional study including 222 patients with COPD was conducted in two stages: a survey and assessment of clinical and laboratory data of patients hospitalized from September 2022 to March 2023 (n=98) and processing of the medical histories of patients with COPD who received hospital treatment in 2017 and 2018 (n=124). A comparative analysis of patients who received inpatient treatment for COPD showed that the frequency of patients with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) I was half as high after the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas the individuals with GOLD IV were more frequent during the same period (p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis proved the effects of smoking status and previous COVID-19 infection on the health status of patients with COPD according to COPD Assessment Test data (p<0.05). There was an increase in the frequency of comorbid pathologies in the post-COVID period: hypertension, coronary heart disease, gastrointestinal diseases, anemia (p<0.05), and other diseases. This study highlights the significant influence of the COVID-19 infection on people with COPD, which manifested as impaired lung function and an increased incidence of comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of spirometry outcome in Croatian patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","authors":"Erim Bešić, Davorka Muršić, Tajana Jalušić Glunčić, Jelena Ostojić, Sanda Škrinjarić-Cincar, Martina Dokoza, Nataša Karamarković Lazarušić, Miroslav Samaržija, Andrea Vukić Dugac","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.3099","DOIUrl":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.3099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study offers an extensive examination of the influence of 29 diverse parameters on spirometry measurement variables in a cohort of 534 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from five different centers in Croatia. The study elucidates both the magnitude and direction of the effect exerted by the 29 predictors on forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the ratio FEV1/FVC, and predicted forced expiratory flow at 50% of FVC. Additionally, the development of prediction models for these parameters has been undertaken using several statistical methods. The study identifies fat-free mass index, 6-minute walk distance, predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, arterial partial pressure of oxygen, and both arterial and tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation percentage as robust positive predictors for all four spirometry parameters. Body mass index is recognized as a weak positive predictor for FEV1 and FEV1/FVC, commonly observed in COPD patients. As expected, smoking years is identified as a strong negative predictor for all four spirometry parameters, while age and illness duration exhibit strong predictive negative associations. Furthermore, modified medical research council, arterial partial pressure carbon dioxide, St George's respiratory questionnaire, COPD assessment test, depression anxiety stress scales, and nutritional risk screening are identified as weak negative predictors. Charlson comorbidity index, phase angle, and number of comorbidities do not exhibit a significant impact on spirometry variables. Ultimately, the performed factorial analysis categorized the 29 parameters into five groups, which were identified as relating to lung function, health status, nutritional status, age, and smoking. Multiple regression analysis, including four newly derived parameters based on the results of factorial analysis, identified nutritional status as a positive predictor for spirometry readings, while smoking, poor health status, and age were identified as negative predictors in successive order.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Expression of Concern: Lipid-lowering therapy in patients with coronary heart disease: an Italian real-life survey. Results from the Survey on Risk FactOrs and CardiovascuLar secondary prevention and drug strategieS (SOFOCLES) in Italy.","authors":"The Monaldi Archives For Chest Disease Editors","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.3259","DOIUrl":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.3259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Editors and the Publisher have been alerted to concerns about this article (DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2024.2972), and an investigation is in progress. In the interim, we alert readers that these concerns have been raised. This Expression of Concern will remain in place until the investigation is completed and any further needs for appropriate action have been taken.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical profile, risk factors, disease severity, and outcome for COVID-19 disease in patients with tuberculosis on treatment under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program: a cohort of 1400 patients.","authors":"Neeta Singla, Amitesh Gupta, U K Khalid, Ravindra Kumar Dewan, Rupak Singla","doi":"10.4081/monaldi.2024.3103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.3103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19 affected millions of people worldwide, and tuberculosis (TB) continues to affect millions of people each year. The combined pandemic of COVID-19 and TB had a catastrophic effect on healthcare policies and healthcare setups around the globe. The clinical profile and factors affecting the outcome of COVID-19 disease in TB patients on treatment in field conditions have not been studied in detail. The present study attempted to study the occurrence of COVID-19 among patients on TB treatment in terms of severity of COVID-19 disease and outcome of both COVID-19 and TB in patients at National Tuberculosis Elimination Program treatment centers over a period of one year during peak COVID-19 times. Out of 1400 TB patients enrolled, 65 (5%) suffered from COVID-19 disease. Of the 65 TB patients with COVID-19 disease, 37 (57%) were male and under 45 years old, 33 (51%) had a TB diagnosis after first receiving a COVID-19 diagnosis, 29 (45%) had a TB diagnosis first, and received anti-TB treatment before receiving a COVID-19 diagnosis, and only 3 patients (5%) had a COVID-19 and TB diagnosis concurrently. The majority of 59 (91%) patients had mild COVID-19 disease. The outcome of TB treatment was available in 25 patients out of these 65 COVID-19-positive patients, with 21 (84%) patients having a favorable outcome. Out of the 65 COVID-19-positive patients, 4/25 (16%) had unfavorable outcomes, with one patient (4%) failing TB treatment and two patients (8%) dying. This is the first study from India that studied the occurrence and course of COVID-19 among a large number of TB patients taking anti-TB treatment under programmatic conditions. Due to the similarity in symptoms of TB and certain viral respiratory illnesses, a protocol should be established for health care to check patients for both illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":51593,"journal":{"name":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}