International Journal of Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"\"I Am Afraid of Positioning my Baby in Prone\": Beliefs and Knowledge about Tummy Time Practice.","authors":"Bianca Fernandes Vasconcelos E Silva,&nbsp;Sabrinne Suelen Santos Sampaio,&nbsp;Julia Raffin Moura,&nbsp;Cléa Emanuela Barreto de Medeiros,&nbsp;Carolina Daniel de Lima-Alvarez,&nbsp;Camila Rocha Simão,&nbsp;Ingrid Guerra Azevedo,&nbsp;Silvana Alves Pereira","doi":"10.1155/2023/4153523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4153523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify beliefs and knowledge about tummy time (TT) practice and its repercussions on motor development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Longitudinal study carried out with parents/caregivers of infants older than 30 days of life. Two assessments were performed. A structured interview was conducted, while the babies were between one and six months old to identify beliefs, knowledge about TT, and the motor milestone achievement expected for the age. At six to 12 months, the risk of motor development delay was tracked using the survey of well-being of young infant questionnaire (SWYC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>41 families responded to the SWYC questionnaire (21 were allocated to the TT group). 31.70% reported that it was not important to put the infants in a prone position while awake, and 70.70% said they are afraid their babies would become breathless when positioned in a prone position. 85.70% of infants from the TT group showed typical development, while 55% of the control group showed atypical development for their age (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Only three infants from the control group were at risk of delayed motor development (<i>p</i> = 0.10).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most of the families feel insecure about proning their babies and fear breathlessness when positioned. Acquisition of motor milestones prevailed in the TT group, suggesting an association between TT practice and motor milestone achievement.</p>","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"2023 ","pages":"4153523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10132908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9394202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of Neural Tube Defects and Their Associated Factors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Reta Wakoya,&nbsp;Mekbeb Afework","doi":"10.1155/2023/9635827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9635827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neural tube defects are a type of congenital anomaly caused by an abnormality in the development of the brain and spinal cord during embryogenesis. They cause high rates of mortality, morbidity, and lifelong disability. There are several studies carried out worldwide reporting different findings on the burden and associated factors. The aim of this study is to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the burden of neural tube defects and their associated factors in Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 58 eligible articles were identified systematically using databases such as PubMed, Embase, African Journal Online Library, ProQuest, Cochrane, Google Scopus, Google Scholar, and Grey literature. Extracted data were analyzed using STATA 16.0 statistical software. The heterogeneity of studies was determined using the Cochrane Q test statistic and <i>I</i>² test statistics with forest plots. A random effects model was used to examine the pooled burden of neural tube defects, subgroups of the region, subtypes of NTDs, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias. The association between NTDs and associated factors was studied using a fixed-effect model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight studies with a total of 7,150,654 participants in 16 African countries revealed that the pooled burden of neural tube defects was 32.95 per 10,000 births (95% CI: 29.77-36.13). The Eastern African region had the highest burden in the subgroup analysis, with 111.13 per 10,000 births (95% CI: 91.85-130.42). South African countries had the lowest burden, at 11.43 per 10,000 births (95% CI: 7.51-15.34). In subtype analysis, spina bifida had the highest pooled burden at 17.01 per 10,000 births (95 percent CI: 15.00-19.00), while encephalocele had the lowest at 1.66 per 10,000 births (95% CI: 1.12-2.20). Maternal folic acid supplementation (AOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.16-0.94), alcohol consumption (AOR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.08-5.96), maternal age (AOR: 3.54; 95% CI: 1.67-7.47), pesticide exposure (AOR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.62-4.46), X-ray radiation (AOR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.05-6.78), and history of stillbirth (AOR: 3.18; 95% CI: 1.11-9.12) were significantly associated with NTDs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pooled burden of NTDs in Africa was found to be high. Maternal age, alcohol consumption, pesticide and X-ray radiation exposure, history of stillbirth, and folic acid supplementation were significantly associated with NTDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"2023 ","pages":"9635827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10307122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9729638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression and Its Determinants among Postpartum Mothers Attending at Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal.","authors":"Chet Kant Bhusal,&nbsp;Sigma Bhattarai,&nbsp;Alisha Shrestha,&nbsp;Hem Raj Sharma","doi":"10.1155/2023/1331641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1331641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postpartum depression is a serious mental health issue linked to maternal morbidity and negative effects for infant's normal growth, development, and well-being. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated with postpartum depression among mothers attending a tertiary hospital in Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 173 postpartum mothers (<6 weeks postdelivery) who were receiving care either at the postnatal ward or immunization clinic of Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital in Bhairahawa, Rupandehi district, Nepal. The study was carried out from October 2020 to February 2021 by using purposive sampling technique for selecting respondents. The variables that showed significant association with the dependent variable having <i>p</i> value < 0.05 in bivariate analysis were entered into multivariate logistic regression model to find the final associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of postpartum depression was 20.2% among mothers attending a tertiary hospital in Nepal. The mean age of the respondents was 24.77 ± 3.47. Factors such as mothers having female child (AOR = 6.39, CI = 1.54 - 26.46), unplanned pregnancy (AOR = 10.08, CI = 2.91 - 34.94), pregnancy-induced health problems (AOR = 9.68, CI: 3.51-26.64) were associated with an increased risk of postpartum depression. Similarly, mothers having formal education (AOR = 0.28, CI: 0.08-0.91), whose spouses have secondary and above education (AOR = 0.16, CI: 0.03-0.85), and who have ≥4 ANC visits (AOR = 0.15, CI = 0.05 - 0.40) were significantly associated but have a protective effect with postpartum depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sex of newborn, mother's and spouse's education, intention of pregnancy, ANC visits, and pregnancy-induced health problems were found to be significantly associated with postpartum depression. Hence, specific health education program regarding maternal and child health integrating mental health should be provided to pregnant women, mothers, and their husbands, focusing on gender discrimination. Similarly specific orientation program should be provided to local health worker about the importance of planned pregnancy, in order to reduce pregnancy related health problems during ANC visits and to mothers after their delivery to reduce further chances of postpartum depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"2023 ","pages":"1331641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10396550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9939198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Admission Hypothermia and Factors Associated with Mortality among Admitted Hypothermic Preterm Neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.","authors":"Fekadeselassie Belege Getaneh,&nbsp;Natnael Moges Misganaw,&nbsp;Dires Birhanu Mihretie,&nbsp;Zebenay Workneh Bitew","doi":"10.1155/2022/8078628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8078628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limited knowledge on the proportion of admission hypothermia and factors of death in hypothermic preterm neonates is hindering early and appropriate interventions in Ethiopia. Thus, studies on the proportion of admission hypothermia and factors of death in hypothermic preterm neonates are critical to enhancing preterm infants' survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 398 participants using the systematic sampling method from October 10, 2021, to December 15, 2022. A pretested data extraction tool was used to collect data. EpiData version 4.6 and STATA version 16 were used for data entry and analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis evaluated the association between independent and outcome variables with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Hosmer and Lemeshow test and variance inflation factor were assessed to check model fitness and collinearity, respectively. <i>P</i>value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Of the 398 admitted preterm neonates, 331(83.2%) had hypothermia at admission. Factors that were significantly associated with mortality included outborn babies [Adjusted hazard ratio (AOR) = 2.18 : 95% CI (1.03-4.62)], GA less than 32 weeks [AOR = 6.64 : 95% CI (1.87-13.58)], weight less than 1500 gram [AOR = 7.91 : 95% CI (1.21-15.38)], thrombocytopenia [AOR = 3.36 : 95% CI (1.49-7.58)], and kangaroo mother care [AOR = 0.38 : 95% CI (0.16-0.88)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proportion of admission hypothermia was high. Outborn babies, birth weight less than 1500 gram, gestational age < 32 weeks, being thrombocytopenic, and lack of kangaroo mother care were identified as risk factors for hypothermic preterm neonatal mortality. Preterm labor prevention, improved inborn delivery, and kangaroo mother care may alleviate the high proportion of admission hypothermia and related mortalities in preterm neonates.</p>","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"8078628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9569222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40321265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal and Maternal Risk Factors for Indirect Hyperbilirubinemia: A Cross-Sectional Study from Bahrain.","authors":"Hasan M Isa,&nbsp;Noor Y AlBuainain,&nbsp;Fatema Y Bunajem,&nbsp;Abdulrahman S Masood,&nbsp;Yusuf A Bucheery","doi":"10.1155/2022/5199423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5199423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 555 records, 404 neonates were included. Among those, 209 (51%) were males and 275 (68.1%) were Bahraini. The median indirect bilirubin level at presentation was 218 (interquartile range, 174-270) <i>μ</i>mol/L. ABO incompatibility was the commonest risk factor for neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia (<i>n</i> = 152, 37.6%) followed by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency (<i>n</i> = 130/400, 32.5%). Age (>25 years) was the commonest maternal risk factor (<i>n</i> = 331, 81.9%) followed by cesarean delivery (<i>n</i> = 137, 33.9%). Neonates with ABO incompatibility had a significantly higher mean indirect bilirubin level compared to those with other risk factors (234.9 ± 68.5 versus 225 ± 82.2 mmol/L, respectively) (<i>P</i> = 0.04). Phototherapy use significantly increased along with the rise of bilirubin level (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) and exchange transfusion were used in 44 (10.9%) and 14 (3.5%) patients, respectively. Neonates who received IVIG had significantly higher bilirubin levels than those who did not (<i>P</i> = 0.005). Male newborns (<i>P</i> = 0.008), Bahrainis (<i>P</i> = 0.001), those with reticulocytosis (<i>P</i> = 0.001), and those who received IVIG (<i>P</i> = 0.001) were more prone to have associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ABO incompatibility, G6PD deficiency, and older maternal age were the commonest neonatal and maternal risk factors for developing neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia. Bahraini, male newborns, reticulocytosis, and IVIG use were associated with these factors. Early detection of such factors through screening can aid in immediate management to prevent serious complications of this common condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"5199423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9481389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40367610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infantile Hemangioma Treated with Propranolol Readmission Trends, Complications of Therapy, and Cost: A PHIS Database Study.","authors":"Muhammad Abu-Rmaileh,&nbsp;Hayden C Hairston,&nbsp;Isabella Zaniletti,&nbsp;Anvesh Kompelli,&nbsp;Kyle P Davis,&nbsp;James Reed Gardner,&nbsp;Elijah H Bolin,&nbsp;Gresham T Richter","doi":"10.1155/2022/4423558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4423558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine admission trends, complications, and costs for inpatient infantile hemangioma (IH) associated with propranolol therapy utilizing the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database. <i>Study Design</i>. A retrospective cohort study was completed using the PHIS database. The PHIS database was queried from 2008 to 2020 for children without cardiac disease and between the ages of three weeks and one year who were admitted with a diagnosis of IH and administered propranolol. Admissions were trended annually and by geographic region. Primary outcomes were length of stay (LOS), readmission, mortality, propranolol-related complications, and costs. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were employed to identify predictors of the primary outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2290 unique patient encounters were identified. Admissions steadily decreased after 2011, with variations by geographic region. There was no mortality and only 60 (2.6%) propranolol-related complications. African-American race (odds ratio (OR) 1.20 [95% CI: 1.02-1.41]), respiratory comorbidities (OR 2.04 [95% CI: 1.42-2.93]), neurologic conditions (OR 1.34 [95% CI: 1.09-1.59]), admission to an intensive care unit (OR 1.31 [95% CI: 1.09-1.59]), bronchospasm (OR 1.37 [95% CI: 1.22-1.55]), and hyperkalemia (OR 1.86 [95% CI: 1.08-3.20]) were associated with increased LOS. Neurologic conditions (OR 2.87 [95% CI: 1.76-4.67]) and respiratory comorbidities (OR 2.48 [CI: 1.43-4.30]) were associated with readmission. Average cost per admission was $5,158 ($3,259 to $8,560 range).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is an overall national decline in rate of admissions for IH propranolol therapy. Inpatient admission may be beneficial for patients with neurologic or respiratory conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"4423558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9481381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40367611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Consensus for the Management of Acute Gastroenteritis in Jordanian Children: Consensus Recommendations Endorsed by the Jordanian Paediatric Society.","authors":"Mohammed Rawashdeh,&nbsp;Basim Al-Zoubi,&nbsp;Maha Barbar Aliwat,&nbsp;Salma Burayzat,&nbsp;Esam Alhindawi,&nbsp;Ali Attia Al-Matti,&nbsp;Eyad Altamimi","doi":"10.1155/2022/4456232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4456232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diarrhoeal diseases are one of the leading worldwide preventable causes of death among children under 5 years of age. Almost half of children do not receive optimal acute gastroenteritis (AGE) treatment in Jordan. With neither regional nor local guidelines available for AGE, consensus recommendations on the management of paediatric AGE in Jordan were developed by a panel of senior paediatricians and paediatric gastroenterologists and are endorsed by the Jordanian Paediatric Society. Recommendations are based on international guidelines and available relevant literature in relation to the AGE landscape and the healthcare system in Jordan. The prevention of diarrhoeal diseases should focus on the improvement of nutrition, hygiene, and sanitation, the introduction of routine vaccination against rotavirus, and the adoption of a standardised approach for AGE management (oral rehydration solution (ORS) use±adjunct therapies, continued feeding, and avoiding routine antibiotic use). Ondansetron, diosmectite, racecadotril, probiotics, and zinc can be considered adjunct to ORS, if needed. Local data gaps should be addressed. The clinical algorithm for the management of paediatric AGE could promote adherence to practice recommendations and by extension improve health outcomes in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"2022 ","pages":"4456232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9448628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33454804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Clinical Profile of Pediatric COVID-19 Testing in the Emergency Department, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.","authors":"Fatima Farid Mir,&nbsp;Maysa Saleh","doi":"10.1155/2022/5092259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5092259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic marked a health and economic crisis of massive proportions. In its early months, literature was centered on adult medical and critical care. As time progressed, international reports of COVID-19 infection in children steadily grew; however, data on disease features in the United Arab Emirates' pediatric population was noticeably lagging.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The presented research was conducted at Latifa Women and Children Hospital Emergency Department to ascertain an association between a child's presenting features and basic investigations to a subsequent positive COVID-19 test result. Data was collected via electronic medical records and statistical analysis performed with SPSS version 22.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of four hundred and five (405) patients were analyzed, with 32 (8%) being COVID-19 positive on initial testing in emergency department. There is a statistically significant correlation (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between testing positive for COVID-19 infection and history of exposure to COVID-19-positive individuals; the presence of runny nose, cough, poor feeding, and abdominal pain with reassuring physical examination findings; and predominantly normal reports of basic blood investigations and chest X-ray images.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research demonstrates that a minority of children tested for COVID-19 in the initial wave of the pandemic tested positive. A significant proportion of COVID-19-positive pediatric patients exhibit history of exposure to COVID-19-positive individuals; the presence of runny nose, cough, poor feeding, and abdominal pain; normal physical examination; normal basic blood investigations and chest X-ray findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"5092259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9391184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40628783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Therapeutic Zinc Level of Supplementation for Diminutions of Acute Diarrheal Morbidity Varied in Public and Private Health Institutions in Ethiopia, Data from EDHS 2016?","authors":"Fassikaw Kebede,&nbsp;Merkineh Markos","doi":"10.1155/2022/9975917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9975917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Supplementation of zinc is a therapeutic medication for under-five children diminution incidence, severity, duration, and intensity of acute diarrhea morbidity. Nevertheless, levels of therapeutic zinc supplementation varied across public and private health institutions in Ethiopia. Thus, this study was aimed at estimating the levels of therapeutic zinc supplementation and factors associated for intent to be utilized among caregivers with their dyads, data from Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS 2016).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data used were from a secondary analysis of the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey in 2016 (EDHS). Overall, 1090 under-five children with acute diarrheal cases of two weeks before the EDHS 2016 were included. After cleaning, editing, and coding variables, the result was presented with frequency, tables, and graphs. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify and determine factors associated after zinc is prescribed for utilizations by caregivers.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The mean (±SD) age of participant children was found to be 36.4(±7.07) month. The overall levels of therapeutic zinc supplementation were 38.7% (95% CI: 35.8, 41.6) in public (29.08%) and private 138 (12.66%), respectively. The prescribed therapeutic zinc was influenced for utilization through maternal educational status (AOR = 2.55; 95% CI: 1.95, 3.47; <i>P</i> = 0.001), availability of health insurance (AOR = 10.7; 95% CI: 7.2, 16; <i>P</i> = 0.001), media exposure status (AOR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.7, 3.6; <i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than twofold time therapeutic zinc was prescribed in public than in private health institutions. Health care workers should be encouraged both in public and private health institutions for zinc prescription.</p>","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"2022 ","pages":"9975917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9410993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33443844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alteration of Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations in Iranian Children with COVID-19.","authors":"Sedigheh Shams,&nbsp;Aileen Azari-Yam,&nbsp;Moeinadin Safavi,&nbsp;Zahra Zamani,&nbsp;Maryam Sotoudeh-Anvari,&nbsp;Meisam Sharifzadeh Ekbatani,&nbsp;Mohammad-Taghi Haghi-Ashtiani,&nbsp;Fatemeh Mozafari,&nbsp;Bahareh Yaghmaie,&nbsp;Leila Shafeghat","doi":"10.1155/2022/9390327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9390327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19 is an acute viral disease that has so far infected more than 200 million and killed more than four million worldwide. It affects the immune system and other organs. Here, we investigated the level of free plasma amino acids in COVID-19 patients and compared them with non-COVID-19 subjects. We also compared amino acids levels in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with non-ICU patients and expired and recovered patients. Twenty-six COVID-19 patients and 32 non-COVID-19 subjects were included in the study. The mean of glutamic acid, serine, glycine, threonine, phenylalanine, leucine, lysine, alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, and ornithine was significantly higher in cases than controls. In addition, the mean of glutamine was significantly lower in patients than controls (443.89 ± 254.31 vs. 651.73 ± 107.38, PV < 0.001). Low level of glutamine and isoleucine was seen in the majority of ICU and expired patients, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed low level of isoleucine as a predictor variable in mortality (<i>P</i> = 0.02, EXP (<i>B</i>) = 16.5, and CI 95% = (1.48, -183.07)). There was a positive and significant relationship between some amino acids levels, serum liver enzymes, and sodium concentrations. There was also a significant but negative correlation between histidine levels, ESR, and ferritin. Phenylalanine had a highly positive relationship with serum procalcitonin in patients (<i>R</i> ² = 0.534, PV = 0.015). Our studies have shown the alteration of plasma amino acids concentration in COVID-19 patients. These changes are more evident in critically ill and at-risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"9390327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9338730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40577032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}