International Journal of Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Herbal treatments for asthma, according to Avicenna","authors":"S. Sadr, Narges Kaveh, K. Agin, R. Choopani, Shahpar Kaveh, Hanieh Tahermohammadi","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.58082.4553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.58082.4553","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000Background and objectives: Conventional therapies using herbal medicine to treat asthma are employed by practitioners in Iran. The use of herbal medicine for asthma is rooted in traditional knowledge. Scientific evaluation of these historical documents could be valuable to find new potential applications in conventional medicine. Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM), which is widely known with the manuscripts of Avicenna and Rhazes, is one of the most ancient medical set of beliefs.\u0000Methods: In this study, firstly we introduce a series of medicinal plants that would be enormously valuable for treating asthma on the basis of Avicenna (The Canon of Medicine by Avicenna). After that, we review medicinal plants properties found in the pharmacological studies from electronic databases and then discuss their mechanism of action in asthma. \u0000For a detailed review, relevant abstracts and articles related to the above-mentioned areas were selected, including review articles on the subjects, along with clinical trial studies in animals and humans.\u0000Results: The physicians of ancient Iran such as Avicenna treated asthma patients with a variety of medicinal herbs. Some of these herbs are currently used, while others have the potential to be used in the future of asthma management.\u0000Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the investigated plants are consistent with new studies; therefore, different components of these herbs can be utilized in manufacturing new drugs. Future clinical studies on healthy volunteers and also patients suffering from asthma and reactive airway disease are compulsory to confirm the effectuality of these plants as complementary interventions in asthma.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49185197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Intake of Macro- and Micronutrients in children: Comparison with Reference Values","authors":"Abdolhamid Jafari Nodoushan, S. J. Sayedi, A. Najarzadeh, M. Karimi, A. Golzar","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.58272.4561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.58272.4561","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the most important factors in maintaining and improving children's health is the quality of diet.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the micro and macro nutrient intakes in children aged less than five years old with malnutrition.\u0000\u0000Methods: The cross-sectional study included 75 under-five children referring to primary health care center in Taft. Children classified in two groups by nutritional status according to a variety of anthropometric indicators. Food intake was assessed using 24 hour food recalls and then was compared to the recommended daily amount (RDA). Anthropometric measures of age, height/length and weight and measurements head circumference were obtained and compared with reference anthropometric indices to assess nutritional status\u0000\u0000Results: The subjects consisted of 41 boys and 34 girls who were 36 (48%) in the malnourished group and 39 (52%) in another group. The analysis of food intake indicated that most micronutrients were within recommendations, except for calcium, zinc, iron and folate (P<0. 05). The intake of macronutrients, was above recommendations and energy intake was in the general appropriate level.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The findings of the study indicated that the appropriate level of macronutrients intake was used and the problem was mainly existed in micronutrients’ consumption. Based on the results we recommended planning for nutrition education program.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48675011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Bagging Neural Network to Predict the Factors Affecting Neonatal Mortality","authors":"Somayeh Heshmat Alvandi, M. Ghojazadeh, M. Heidarzadeh, S. Dastgiri, Hooman Nateghian","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.57861.4538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.57861.4538","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe rate of neonatal mortality is one of the main indices of health, treatment, and development in societies. It reflects the quality of nutrition and life of mothers as well as the rate of healthcare services that mothers and children are provided with by societies. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting neonatal mortality by using a bagging neural network in Rapidminer Software. Materials and MethodsThe study was conducted on 8053 births (including 1605 death cases and 6448 control cases) all over Iran in 2015. Factors such as maternal risk factors, mother’s age, gestational age, child gender, birth weight, birth order, and congenital anomalies were utilized as the predictor variables of the bagging neural network. Some criteria including the area under the ROC curve, as well as the property and sensitivity of the bagging neural network, were compared with the neural network model. And the bagging neural network with 99.24% precision rate enjoyed better results in predicting those factors affecting neonatal mortality.ResultsOur suggested method revealed that gestational age is the most significant predictor factor of a neonate's status at birth time. Besides, 1-minute Apgar, need for resuscitation, 5-minute Apgar, birth weight, congenital anomalies, and birth order, as well as diabetes and preeclampsia in mothers, were identified as the most significant predictor factors after the gestational age.ConclusionFactors discovered in this study can be considered to decrease neonatal mortality. This can help the health of mothers’ community, optimize healthcare services, and development of societies.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44811892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural disease history and characterization of SUMF1 molecular defects in multiple sulfatase deficiency: a case report","authors":"Shokoufeh Khanzadeh, Meisam Babaei, Parvin Imanpour, Shahram Sadeghvand","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.57775.4532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.57775.4532","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is a very rare lysosomal storage disease(LSD) caused by mutations in the SUMF1 gene. So far, about 143 patients with MSD have been reported in previous studies, although this figure is likely an underestimation due to under-reporting and under-recognition. This report showed the genetic and clinical aspects of a patient with MSD compared with previously reported patients.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45640362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Esophageal Dilatation in Pediatric Patients with Esophageal Strictures.","authors":"Hasan M A Isa,&nbsp;Khadija A Hasan,&nbsp;Husain Y Ahmed,&nbsp;Afaf M Mohamed","doi":"10.1155/2021/1277530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1277530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective cross-sectional single center study, records of patients with esophageal strictures presented to the pediatric department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain, in the period between 1995 and 2019 were reviewed. Demographic data, indications of endoscopic dilatations, the procedure success rate, and possible complications were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-six children were found to have esophageal strictures. Twenty-five (54.3%) patients were males. Most patients presented during infancy (86.5%, 32/37 patients). Twenty-six (56.5%) patients required 88 dilatation sessions, while the remaining 20 (43.5%) patients did not require dilatations. The median number of dilatation sessions per patient was three (interquartile range = 2-5). Savary-Gilliard bougienages were the main dilators used (80.8%, 21/26 patients). Anastomotic stricture (post esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula repair) was the main cause of esophageal strictures and was found in 35 (76.1%) patients. Patients with nonanastomotic strictures had more frequent dilatations compared to those with anastomotic strictures (<i>P</i> = 0.007). The procedure success rate was 98.8%. Yet, it was operator dependent (<i>P</i> = 0.047). Complete response to dilatation was found in 18 (69.2%) patients, satisfactory in seven (26.9%), and an inadequate response in one (3.9%). Those with satisfactory responses still require ongoing dilatations based on their symptoms and radiological and endoscopic findings. No perforation or mortality was reported. Patients with dilatations had more recurrent hospitalization (<i>P</i> < 0.0001), more dysphagia (<i>P</i> = 0.001), but shorter hospital stay (<i>P</i> = 0.046) compared to those without dilatations. Surgical intervention was required in one patient with caustic strictures. The median follow-up period was six years (interquartile range = 2.25-9.0).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Endoscopic esophageal dilatation in children with esophageal strictures is effective and safe. Yet, it was operator dependent. Nonanastomotic strictures require more dilatations compared to anastomotic strictures. Findings of this study are comparable to those reported worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"1277530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8487364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39485441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of glucocorticoid therapy on bone mineral density in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","authors":"N. Ghaemi, A. Malek, Sade Hal Setare, Z. Shaye","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.54310.4294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.54310.4294","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive diseases caused by a deficiency in adrenal enzymes that lead to changes in cortisol and aldosterone levels. \u0000\u0000Objective: This study aimed to assess the bone mineral density of the spine and femoral head in children and adolescents aged 5 and 20 years, suffering from different types of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and treated with corticosteroids and to study the associated factors. \u0000\u0000Materials and method: We studies 44 patients, 26 girls and 18 boys, who were treated with corticosteroids with a physiological dose of 15-20 mg/m2 since infancy. A questionnaire was completed by patients and their parents admitted to the Endocrinology Clinic of Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad. The patients' bone density was then measured, and the association with different factors, such as age, gender, height, weight, type of CAH, type and duration of receiving corticosteroids, the 17-hydroxyprogesterone level, bone activity markers, vitamin D level, and puberty stage, was analyzed, using SPSS software. \u0000\u0000Result: No significant correlation between the bone density level and variables such as the duration and dose of corticosteroid consumption, age, sex, time of diagnosis, 17-hydroxyprogesterone level, calcium, and phosphorus, was found. Other variables such as height, weight, puberty stage, and vitamin D levels were found to play a significant role in determining the bone density level.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: It is highly recommended to consider the side effects and complications when starting treatment with corticosteroids in patients with CAH. Bone densitometry should regularly be done, osteoporosis prophylaxis should be considered using weight-bearing exercises and calcium and vitamin D supplements, and the level of vitamin D should be monitored.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"70 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41274980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Outcomes of Cochlear Implantation on Language Skills and Speech Intelligibility in Early-implanted versus Late-implanted Deaf Children","authors":"S. Hassanzadeh, M. Ajalloueyan, Azam Mirdeharbab, A. Arjmandnia, Mahdieh Hasanalifard, M. Saeedi, Alireza Aghaz","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.57919.4546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.57919.4546","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hearing loss may affect many aspects of a person's life. The age of cochlear implantation (CI) is often considered an important predictor of language skills of children with CI, but little is known about the benefits of early CI on speech intelligibility development in these children. This study aimed to compare language skills as well as intelligibility of speech in prelingual deaf patients who received CI before the age of six years and those who received CI after the age of six years with an 8-year follow-up.\u0000Materials and Methods: This 8-year longitudinal, retrospective case–control study was conducted in 2021 at a cochlear implant center in Tehran, Iran. Thirty-one patients were included in two groups: late cochlear implant (n = 15), and early cochlear implant (n =16). The Test of Language Development- Primary (TOLD-P3) was used to assess the participants 'language skills. The intelligibility of the participants' speech was assessed through the Persian version of the Intelligibility Context Scale (ICS) and the speech intelligibility rating (SIR).\u0000Results: These two groups did not show a significantly difference in terms of the language scores (P>0.05) but had a significantly difference in terms of the SIR and the ICS scores (P<0.05). Speech intelligibility had a significantly negative correlation with the age of CI (P<0.001), and had a significant positive correlation with language skills (P<0.001).\u0000Conclusion: The long-term outcomes of early and late CI were similar in terms of the development of language skills but too different in terms of the intelligibility of speech. The age of CI had no effect on the language development but had a significant effect on speech intelligibility.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47821422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Passive Smoking with Dental Caries and Cotinine Biomarker among 8-12 Years Old Children of Semnan, Iran","authors":"Shabnam Sohanian, R. Ghorbani, O. Mirmohammadkhani, Homa Delavari, Kamyar Mansori","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.59254.4615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.59254.4615","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study was designed to determine association passive smoking with dental caries and cotinine biomarker among 8-12 years old children of Semnan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was concocted on two groups of 8-12 years old children exposed (n=100) and non-exposed to passive smoking (n=100) in of Semnan (Iran). The sampling method was two-stage cluster sampling design. The data collection tool a standard checklist consisted of demographic, laboratory and dental characteristics. Examination was performed by a dentist on a dental unit and the dental indicators were measured for two groups. Also, salivary cotinine was measured and recorded using ELISA method by special cotinine kit (De salimetrics medi tec, USA). Univariate and Multivariable Logistic Regression model and area under the ROC curve were used to data analysis by STATA 14 software. Results: Univariate logistic regression model showed a statistically significant difference between the exposed and unexposed groups with passive smoking in term of the salivary cotinine level, age , sex , decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index, decayed, and filled teeth (dft) index and missing teeth (mt) (P-Value ≤0.20). However, multiple logistic regression model showed a statistically significant relationship between the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index and passive smoking (OR=1.28; 95% CI: 1.05 – 1.38). Conclusion: This study showed that the risk of decay of deciduous teeth is higher in children exposed to passive smoking, therefore, passive smoking should be considered in the implementation of programs to prevent tooth decay in children.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42407460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Ventricular Function based on Echocardiographic Findings in Asthmatic Children Referred to Rasoul Akram and Firoozabadi Hospitals of Tehran","authors":"M. Fallahpour, M. Radgoudarzi, Mojtaba Didar Shetaban, Mohammad Bagher Didarshetaban","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.59039.4602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.59039.4602","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lead to hypertrophy and dilatation of the right ventricle. Aim of study to evaluate and compare left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic function of the heart based on echocardiographic criteria in children with moderate to severe asthma and non-asthmatic children referred to Hazrat Rasouland Firoozabadi Hospitals of Tehranin 2019. Methods: In this case-control study, 50 patients with a definite diagnosis of moderate to severe asthma(case group) and 50 healthy individuals (control group) were studied and compared in terms of clinical and echocardiographic measures. Blood pressure, heart rate, body height and weight of all children were recorded. The patients who were >6 years underwent pulmonary function tests using spirometry. Conventional and TDI echocardiography was performed bya single experienced pediatric cardiologist on two groups blindly and echocardiographic data was collected.Results: The results showed that the left ventricular stroke volume was significantly lower in patients with asthma. Also, in the right ventricular SV, significantly lower values were found in the group of patients under study than healthy individuals (P=0.01). The E/A ratio in both groups was higher than one with a mean and standard deviation of 1.72±0.26 in the case group compared to 1.92±0.32 which was not significantly different.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that asthma can affect ventricular contraction in children. Contrary to previous studies and despite the observation of cardiac systolic dysfunction in patients with asthma, diastolic dysfunction in these patients was not observed even by tissue Doppler echocardiography.Keywords: Asthma, Cardiac function, Echocardiography","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46388132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficiency of Epiphysiodesis for Growth Modulation in Patients with Congenital Scoliosis: A Systematic Review","authors":"E. Keykhosravi, H. Rezaee, Amin Tavallaii, Mohammad Abouei Mehrizi, A. Pourbagher-Shahri, Vahid Khajereza Shahri, Ahmad Abdul Sater Abdul Sater","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.56414.4434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.56414.4434","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Congenital scoliosis (CS) is a challenging entity in spinal surgery. Convex growth arrest (CGA) is a therapeutic method aiming at inhibiting growth on the curve convexity while remained growth of concavity corrects the scoliotic curve over time. In the view of controversies in current clinical studies for efficiency of CGA in CS patients, we performed a systematic review of the literature to clarify the debate. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify studies assessing CGA outcome in CS patients, in following databases and search engines: Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCTR), EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Two authors screened the search results and selected the studies by the supervision of senior authors.Results: In 19 studies, enrolling 363 patients, age at surgery was 58.76 months ranging from 4 to 216 months. Anterior and posterior hemiepiphysiodesis was the most common approach. Eight studies added instrumentation to CGA. Follow-up mean was 64.57 months. Nine studies reported true epiphysiodesis effect (postoperative and final follow-up CCA difference): of 162 patients, 69 improved, 59 stabilized, and 34 progressed. Other studies reported preoperative and final follow-up CCA difference: of 88 patients, 49 improved, 32 stabilized, and 7 progressed. Preoperative curve magnitude, sagittal plane deformities, age <5 years, and type of spinal anomalies did not affect CGA outcome. Instrumentation was preferred in complicated spinal anomalies and older ages.Conclusion: CGA alone or with instrumentation is a feasible CS treatment, however criteria for choosing suitable candidates need reconsideration.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45625485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}