Mental Health and Physical Activity最新文献

{"title":"The concurrent validity of the physical activity vital sign and online physical activity logbook in adolescents with autism","authors":"Anke Arkesteyn ,&nbsp;Véronique Cornelissen ,&nbsp;Jean Steyaert ,&nbsp;Davy Vancampfort ,&nbsp;Tine Van Damme","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>There is an urgent need for valid assessment tools to assess physical activity (PA) levels in adolescents with autism. This study examines the concurrent validity of the Physical Activity Vital Sign (PAVS) and Online Physical Activity Logbook (OPAL) with accelerometry in adolescents with autism. A secondary aim was to explore the association and agreement between self-perceived and objectively measured PA intensity levels.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Forty-five adolescents with autism (71% males, Mdn = 14.0 (IQR = 13.0–15.5) years) completed the PAVS and OPAL and wore a wGT3X-BT ActiGraph accelerometer twice for seven consecutive days. Concurrent validity was assessed with Spearman correlations (ρ) and Wilcoxon Signed Rank/Paired Sample T-tests.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A poor association was found between the PAVS and accelerometry (ρ = .37). The PAVS overestimated moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) levels [Mdn = 152.1 min (IQR = 76.8–283.9), p &lt; .001]. Poor associations (ρ = −.06 up to −.45) were observed between the OPAL and accelerometry for time spent in sedentary behavior (SB), light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA) and MVPA. No significant mean and median differences were found for SB and VPA between the two methods respectively. A moderate association was found between self-perceived (OPAL) and objectively measured (accelerometry) VPA (ρ = .60) and MVPA (ρ = .51), while those for LPA and MPA were poor (ρ &lt; .50). No significant median differences were found between self-perceived and objectively measured VPA.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Clinicians and researchers should be very cautious in using the PAVS to assess MVPA levels in adolescents with autism, while the utility of the OPAL, in its current form, is questionable. Adolescents with autism may estimate PA at a vigorous intensity accurately. Future research should further focus on examining the psychometric properties of self-report PA instruments, as well as the ability of adolescents with autism to accurately estimate the intensity of performed PA's.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimated cardiorespiratory fitness level and utilization of antidepressants among older adults before and after the COVID-19 lockdown: Findings from the HUNT4 Trondheim 70+ study","authors":"Maren Lerfald ,&nbsp;Linn Marita Hagen ,&nbsp;Ekaterina Zotcheva ,&nbsp;Federico Palumbo ,&nbsp;Audun Havnen ,&nbsp;Linda Ernstsen","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) refers to the capacity of the cardiovascular and respiratory system to process oxygen. CRF is associated with depressive symptoms and findings suggest that CRF decreased significantly in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, purchase of prescribed antidepressants before and after the pandemic lockdown by CRF level in older adults has not yet been described.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This longitudinal study included 1221 community-dwelling older adults ≥70 years old participating in the Norwegian HUNT4 Trondheim 70+ study (2018–2019). Data on estimated CRF (eCRF) were linked to the Norwegian Prescribed Drug Registry and utilized defined daily doses (DDDs) of antidepressants from January 2019 throughout December 2021. Paired <em>t</em>-tests were performed to assess changes in DDDs before and after the Norwegian COVID-19 lockdown in March 2020.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants had a mean (<em>M</em>) and standard deviation (<em>SD</em>) age of 76.5 (5.2) years, 53.6% were women. In the total sample, the results showed a significant rise in purchase of antidepressants from before (<em>M</em> = 1.25, <em>SD</em> = 7.17) compared to after the lockdown (<em>M</em> = 1.52, <em>SD</em> = 7.86); <em>t</em> (1220) = −2.47, <em>p</em> = 0.014). The number of participants purchasing antidepressants also increased in the total sample and within each of the eCRF groups. In the different eCRF groups, only individuals in the highest eCRF tertile showed a significant higher purchase of antidepressants after the lockdown (<em>M</em> = 1.44, <em>SD</em> = 6.65); t (413) = −2.63, <em>p</em> = 0.009) compared to the year before (<em>M</em> = 0.99, <em>SD</em> = 5.21).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, the utilization of antidepressants increased in community-dwelling older adults, with the steepest increase observed among those with the highest eCRF levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1755296624000577/pdfft?md5=ec07f0b77e430dba1dd26cffa9f1908b&pid=1-s2.0-S1755296624000577-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-year follow-up of a primary care-based 12-week exercise intervention for adults with anxiety disorders","authors":"Anna-Karin Lennartsson ,&nbsp;Malin Henriksson ,&nbsp;Alexander Wall ,&nbsp;Jenny Nyberg ,&nbsp;Kristian Bolin ,&nbsp;Berit A.M. Larsson ,&nbsp;Louise Danielsson ,&nbsp;Margda Waern ,&nbsp;N. David Åberg ,&nbsp;Maria Åberg","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>While there is increasing evidence for the short-term effectiveness of exercise interventions for adults with anxiety disorders, follow-up studies are rare. The aim of this study was to examine whether the significant reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms observed in connection with our primary care-based 12-week exercise RCT were maintained at subsequent follow-up after nine-months. A further aim was to investigate the hypothesis whether exercise interacted with antidepressant medication.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>113 out of 153 who completed the 12-week intervention completed the follow-up assessments. Symptoms were self-assessed with the Beck Anxiety Index (BAI) and the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S) at baseline, intervention completion (the 12-weeks follow-up) and 9 months post-intervention (the 1-year follow up).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression effects seen after 12 weeks in the intervention groups were maintained at the 1-year follow-up. Similar reductions were seen in the control group. However, among antidepressant users, the odds ratios for the intervention group to reach improvement in anxiety were four-fold, and in depression, eleven-fold compared to controls at the 1-year follow-up.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results strengthen the view that physical exercise is an effective treatment for anxiety especially in among those with antidepressant treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1755296624000565/pdfft?md5=fa47f11c90d6b0d0d923161ba7f40a1c&pid=1-s2.0-S1755296624000565-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The long-term effect of surf therapy on posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety symptomology among current and former australian defence force members - A nonrandomised controlled longitudinal study in a community setting","authors":"Rusty Moran ,&nbsp;Sandro Sperandei ,&nbsp;Nicole Peel ,&nbsp;Tonia Gray ,&nbsp;Arianne Reis","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Surf therapy programs have demonstrated engagement among military samples, showing promising concurrent short-term reductions in symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, and generalised anxiety disorder; however, the long-term retained benefits of such programs have not been studied beyond three months.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This nonrandomised controlled longitudinal study recruited current and former Australian Defence Force personnel (<em>N</em> = 116) to examine the effect of a ten-session surf therapy program (<em>n</em> = 88) compared to a control group (no intervention; <em>n</em> = 28). Validated self-assessment measures of post-traumatic stress, depression and anxiety symptoms were recorded at pre and post intervention, and at one month, four months, and seven months follow up.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Linear mixed model results reveal statistically significant post-program reductions in symptoms of posttraumatic stress (PCL-M; <em>ß</em> = −11.92, 95% CI [-17.44, −6.36]), depression (MDI; <em>ß</em> = −7.87, 95% CI [-12.35, −3.38]) and anxiety (GAD-7; <em>ß</em> = −4.02, 95% CI [-6.42, −1.57]), which were retained at 7-months follow-up. Clinically significant changes were also observed on all three outcomes. No changes were observed in the control group. Additional statistically significant beneficial effects for each model outcome were recorded for leisure surfing following the program. Most surf therapy participants continued surfing post program, indicating effective lifestyle change.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This is the largest quantitative surf therapy study among adults to date, and the first to follow up seven months post program. It confirms previous surf therapy findings of high engagement and transdiagnostic effects, and provides new clinically relevant knowledge by demonstrating retained beneficial effects regardless of continued surfing post program.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1755296624000553/pdfft?md5=17e42332e38f4f21924a7899d56bbf96&pid=1-s2.0-S1755296624000553-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent profile analysis of mental health in postgraduates: The impact of mentally-passive or active screen time and sedentary behaviors","authors":"Haiyun Peng ,&nbsp;Min Zheng ,&nbsp;Guoli Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>The mental health and lifestyle of students in higher education are recognized as critical areas for enhancing the quality of higher education. However, current research primarily focused on undergraduates, with a scarcity of studies examining the lifestyle and mental health of postgraduates. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sedentary behaviors, screen time, and mental health among postgraduates, with a particular emphasis on comparing the effects of mental-active versus passive conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A survey of 633 postgraduates from Beijing Sport University measured indicators of mental health, screen time (ST), and sedentary behaviors (SB). Data were analyzed using SPSS for multiple linear regression and multiple logistic regression, and Mplus for latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify mental health profiles.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Four profiles emerged: moderate (5.39%), flourishing (46.38%), languishing (41.19%), struggling (7.05%). At group level, the findings revealed that both mentally-passive ST and SB are significantly and positively associated with anxiety and video addiction. The results also indicated that, at individual level, mentally-passive ST had a greater impact on “flourishing” individuals, particularly when it ranged from 120 to 240 min per day. Conversely, mentally-active ST had a more significant influence on “moderate” individuals, especially when it occurred for 120–240 min per day.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study revealed the complexity of mental health among postgraduates and the patterns of association between mentally-passive or active ST and SB with different mental health subtypes, providing empirical evidence for interventions addressing mental health issues among postgraduate students.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can daily affect impact intentions and next day behavior of physical activity? A daily diary study","authors":"Chun-Qing Zhang,&nbsp;Jiasheng Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>This study investigated the role of incidental affect on the intention-behavior process of physical activity (PA).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Daily positive (activated, relaxed, and safe/content) and negative (depressed, anxious, and low-aroused) incidental affects, intention to perform PA, and actual PA were assessed in a sample of 101 college students (17 males and 80 females, age = 21.09 ± 1.57) for 28 days. Bayesian generalized linear multivariate multilevel model was used to predict cross-day intention-behavior profiles (non-intention, exceeding non-intention, unsuccessful intention, and successful intention) with subtypes of affects.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Increased positive affect and decreased negative affect were related to PA intention formation, intention enactment, and exceeding non-intention. Safe/content positive affect was related to intention formation and translation of PA, while exceeding non-intention was uniquely related to activated positive affect. Negative affect showed a carry-over effect on intention translation of PA next day.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our study findings detailed the role of different incidental affects in the intention-behavior process of PA and we call for more intensive affect measures and rigorous PA intention and behavior assessments to further validate these findings. Practically, our study highlighted the importance that future research should consider incorporating strategies to induce appropriate affective experiences in different stages of intention-behavior process for effective PA interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142129357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effects of resistance and aerobic exercise on mood-related symptoms and EEG activity in young healthy adults: A non-randomized pilot study","authors":"Kihoon Yuk ,&nbsp;Jawon Lim ,&nbsp;Hyo Youl Moon","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Exercise offers several benefits in combating mood-related symptoms in humans. Participation in various types of physical activity improves brain and mental health. However, the different effects and mechanisms depending on the type of exercise on an individual's mood and brain remain unclear. This pilot trial aimed to reveal the feasibility of the effects of resistance and aerobic exercise on mood-related symptoms and explain the different patterns of brain waves.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This 15-week single-arm pre-test/post-test trial including 3 measurement periods was held in Seoul, Republic of Korea. Overall, 18 healthy participants aged 19–29 years were recruited. After 6 weeks of respective aerobic and resistance exercise, anxiety/depression-related questionnaire scores and electroencephalography (EEG) changes were measured (single blinded outcome assessment). Specifically, changes in frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), absolute band power of beta waves, and theta waves were measured in the prefrontal and frontal regions, which play a critical role in regulating mood and cognition.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Resistance exercise resulted in a significant reduction in Beck Depression Inventory-II scores (p = 0.002, effect size = 0.76) while significant improvement was shown in Beck Anxiety Inventory scores (p = 0.01, effect size = 0.77) after aerobic exercise. In regarding EEG analysis, ten participants completed the assessment. After resistance exercise, there was a significant elevation in frontal beta waves (p = 0.01, effect size = 0.81). Aerobic exercise did not result in significant EEG changes. There were no adverse events related to study participation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings suggest that resistance and aerobic exercises may be feasible for the alleviation of mood-related symptoms and EEG activities. As our pilot trial has a small sample size and did not include a control group, future research that accurately reflects the effects of different types of exercises on mood symptoms and changes of EEG activities is required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia: A twin study","authors":"Julia M. Caruana ,&nbsp;Jesse T. Young ,&nbsp;Jessica Tyler ,&nbsp;Paulo H. Ferreira ,&nbsp;Sue Malta ,&nbsp;John L. Hopper ,&nbsp;Lucas Calais-Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Low levels of physical activity (PA) have been associated with depression. However, shared familial (genetic and environmental) factors might confound this association, given PA and depression tend to cluster in families. We investigated the association between levels of PA and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, and then controlled for shared familial factors by design, and assessed if being in lockdown modified this association.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We applied within-individual and within-pair regression models to questionnaire data from adult same-sex twin pair members of Twins Research Australia collected between August and November 2020. Depression score was measured using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and PA levels and changes since the onset of the pandemic were self-reported. Adjusted models included body-mass-index, sleep adequacy, smoking, and alcohol consumption.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The sample of 1148 twins was predominantly female (80%) and had a mean age of 52.5 (Standard Deviation = 15.7). Reduced PA was associated with higher depression scores (β = 1.22, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.70–1.73, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) in the adjusted within-individual model, but evidence of a within-pair association was weak. Lockdown status was an effect modifier (<em>P</em> = 0.006); relative to the co-twin, increased PA was associated with lower depression scores for those not in lockdown but higher scores for those in lockdown.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Shared familial factors play a role in the association between PA and depression. Health interventions and educational campaigns for families rather than just individuals might be better suited to improve mental health outcomes, especially when opportunities for PA and exercise are limited.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1755296624000516/pdfft?md5=0fc425d2ae5cf8c17746e518820fa6f3&pid=1-s2.0-S1755296624000516-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can high-intensity interval training improve health outcomes among people with substance use disorders? A systematic review and preliminary meta-analysis","authors":"Cagdas Türkmen ,&nbsp;Rebecca Martland ,&nbsp;Maurizio Grilli ,&nbsp;Brendon Stubbs ,&nbsp;Kirsten K. Roessler ,&nbsp;Mats Hallgren","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em><strong>Background and aim</strong></em><strong>:</strong> Substance use disorders (SUDs) are marked by high relapse rates and comorbid somatic and mental health issues. High-intensity interval training (HIIT), a time-efficient form of exercise, may offer potential benefits in addressing these issues. The aim of this systematic review and preliminary meta-analysis was to evaluate the health benefits, safety and adherence of HIIT interventions in individuals with SUDs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection, PsycINFO, ClinicalTrials.gov and the ICTRP for intervention studies published from inception until March 12, 2024. Study quality was assessed using the EPHPP tool. Preliminary meta-analyses were conducted if ≥ 3 studies reported data on the outcomes of interest. To compare the HIIT and control groups, mean differences (MDs) were calculated as effect sizes for outcomes measured on the same scale, while Hedges’ g was used for outcomes measured on different scales.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Six intervention studies (N = 327 at baseline; 99% men) were included, comprising one non-randomised and five randomised controlled trials. Preliminary meta-analyses indicated a moderate increase in VO_2max after 2–4 months (3 studies; MD = 2.06 ml/kg/min, 95% CI = 1.02–3.09, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and a modest reduction in drug craving after 3 weeks to 6 months (3 studies; Hedges’ g = -0.31, 95% CI = -0.03 to -0.059, p &lt; 0.03) in the HIIT groups, compared to control groups. No evidence for heterogeneity among the included trials was found. Data on other outcomes were insufficient or inconsistent, limiting interpretability. The included trials were rated as being of low to moderate quality.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>HIIT may improve cardiorespiratory fitness and reduce drug craving among individuals with SUDs, potentially improving treatment outcomes and lowering the risk of relapse. Further research is needed to assess its impact on other outcomes (e.g., cognitive functioning and mental health), and to compare its effectiveness with other forms of exercise. Supported HIIT interventions are shown to be feasible and safe among inpatients, but studies involving outpatients and non-treatment seekers are also needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100622"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1755296624000486/pdfft?md5=7f44cde2a51b8ad999bae35d3ba671f5&pid=1-s2.0-S1755296624000486-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142076142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of an acute bout of exercise on executive function and sleep in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder","authors":"Grace W. Walters ,&nbsp;Shelley Taylor ,&nbsp;Emma L. Sweeney ,&nbsp;Simon B. Cooper ,&nbsp;Ryan A. Williams ,&nbsp;Karah J. Dring","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>The present study aimed to examine the effect of an acute bout of circuit-base exercise on executive function, visual perception and sleep parameters in neurodiverse children.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>After familiarisation, 34 children (4 female) with ADHD and/or ASD completed two trials (30-min circuit-based exercise (E) or a rested control (C) trial) in a randomised, counterbalanced, crossover design. Participants completed cognitive function tests (Stroop test, Sternberg Paradigm and Visual Search Test) at baseline, immediately post-exercise, and the morning after exercise. Participants were provided with a wrist actigraph to wear overnight to determine sleep duration, wake after sleep onset, sleep efficiency, and sleep latency. Statistical analyses were conducted via ANCOVA, with diagnosis included as a covariate.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Accuracy on the Stroop test (complex level) was better maintained following circuit-based exercise when compared with rest immediately post-exercise (E: 1.88% decreased accuracy; C: 4.73% decreased accuracy, p = 0.009), and on day two (E: 1.22% increased accuracy; C: 6.37% decreased accuracy; p &lt; 0.001). Accuracy on the Sternberg Paradigm (5-item level) was improved immediately post-exercise on the exercise trial when compared with rest (E: 0.37% decreased accuracy; C: 7.29% decreased accuracy; p = 0.011). Improvements in accuracy across both tests were at the expense of response time, which was slower on the exercise trial (all p &lt; 0.05). Sleep parameters did not differ across trials (all p &gt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Moderate intensity circuit-based exercise is an ecologically valid exercise modality that, acutely, improves executive function (compared to rest), which may alleviate the impaired executive function in children with ADHD and ASD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141962914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}