Mental Health and Physical Activity最新文献

{"title":"Acute effect of different types of moderate intensity physical exercise on affective response and mood state in individuals with substance use disorder","authors":"Bruno Marson Malagodi ,&nbsp;Marcia Greguol ,&nbsp;Vagner Deuel de Oliveira Tavares ,&nbsp;Attilio Carraro ,&nbsp;Helio Serassuelo Júnior","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Substance use disorder (SUD) affects a significant percentage of people around the world, negatively influencing aspects of physical and mental health. Physical exercise can promote acute and chronic effects on the affective response and mood of individuals and has shown promising effects in all phases of rehabilitation. The objective of this study was to verify the acute effects of two types of physical exercises at moderate intensity on the mood state and on the affective response of individuals hospitalized for the treatment of SUD. For this purpose, 43 individuals (31 men and 12 women) underwent two physical exercise sessions (one aerobic and one functional) and a control session. Before and immediately after the sessions, subjects answered questionnaires about mood, affective valence, and perceived arousal. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test were used to assess the effect of timing and session on the variables. The results showed significant improvements after both physical exercise sessions in mood (reduction in levels of tension, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion) and in affective valences (feeling of pleasure and arousal perception), with no changes after the control session. It is observed that different types of physical exercises can positively impact the mental health of individuals undergoing treatment for SUD and should be used as a non-pharmacological strategy in the rehabilitation process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the longitudinal effect of depressive symptoms on physical activity in persons with type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Emmanuel Ekpor ,&nbsp;Samuel Akyirem ,&nbsp;Precious Adade Duodu ,&nbsp;Jonathan Bayuo ,&nbsp;Veronica Brady","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>The American Diabetes Association recommends that individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) engage in at least 150 min of physical activity per week for optimal health. However, depressive symptoms, prevalent in this population, may hinder the ability to follow this recommendation, particularly during stressful events like the COVID-19 pandemic. This longitudinal study aimed at investigating the impact of depressive symptoms on physical activity levels among individuals with T2D during the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from 5348 individuals with T2D participating in the All of Us Research Program's COVID-19 Participant Experience (COPE) survey. Depressive symptoms and physical activity levels were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), respectively. Stabilized inverse probability weights (sIPW)-weighted mixed-effect logistic regression models evaluated the association between depressive symptoms and physical activity across three time points: May, June, and July 2020.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants had a mean age of 61.43 (11.63) years, with majority being female (56.49%) and non-Hispanic White (76.25%). At baseline, 50% of the participants had moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms, and 20% were physically active. The predicted probability of being physically active decreased with increasing depressive symptoms (aOR = 0.66; 95%CI: 0.60, 0.73). The inverse association between depressive symptoms and physical activity was strongest among non-Hispanic White.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with lower odds of engaging in physical activity among individuals with T2D during the COVID-19 period. Further studies capturing pre- and post-pandemic data are needed to clarify the pandemic's impact on these associations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercising with virtual reality is potentially better for the working memory and positive mood than cycling alone","authors":"Genta Ochi ,&nbsp;Ken Ohno ,&nbsp;Ryuta Kuwamizu ,&nbsp;Koya Yamashiro ,&nbsp;Tomomi Fujimoto ,&nbsp;Koyuki Ikarashi ,&nbsp;Naoki Kodama ,&nbsp;Hideaki Onishi ,&nbsp;Daisuke Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Although virtual reality (VR) exercise has attracted attention as a factor in exercise habituation due to its mood-enhancing effects, its impact on brain function remains unclear. This study aimed to explore how VR exercise affects working memory, a key executive function, and its underlying neural mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study involved 23 healthy university students who engaged in exercise in a VR environment. Outcomes included cardiorespiratory and psychological assessments, as well as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings indicate that a 10-min VR exercise session improved mood (vitality level) and working memory task performance (3-back task) more effectively than exercise or rest alone. Furthermore, the results confirmed that increased vitality from both exercise and VR exercise interventions was associated with improved 3-back task performance. However, specific brain regions contributing to this enhancement remain unidentified.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results highlight VR exercise as an optimal exercise program for enhancing working memory function by increasing vitality levels. These insights underscore the potential of VR as a novel exercise modality, with benefits extending beyond exercise adherence to potentially prevent dementia and depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of relevant mental health indicators for European community-based health enhancing physical activity initiatives: An adapted Delphi study","authors":"Aisling McGrath ,&nbsp;Evan Matthews ,&nbsp;Niamh Murphy ,&nbsp;Ilse Oostveen ,&nbsp;Annemarie Wagemakers ,&nbsp;Kirsten Verkooijen","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Health enhancing physical activity (HEPA) initiatives can improve mental health; however there is a lack of standardised measures to evaluate mental health impact. This study aimed to identify the relevant indicators of mental health and well-being in community-based HEPA initiatives in Europe as determined by specialists and practitioners in the field, and understand assessment methods commonly used.</div><div>An adapted, two round, Delphi method was conducted with N = 20 specialists (practitioners and academics) in the field of mental health and physical activity from Denmark, the Netherlands, the UK, and Ireland. Specialists selected the most important indicators and agreed consensus on definitions and operationalisation, where consensus ≥50% signified important indicators.</div><div>Specialists compiled 66 (n = 21 outcome, n = 45 determinant) indicators. Top rated indicators for the evaluation of HEPA initiatives were self-rated mental health (69.2%), physical activity (69.2%) life satisfaction (53.8%), stress (53.8%), loneliness (53.8%), social participation, network, connection and support (53.8%). Consensus on definition and application of the nine indicators varied (44.4%–100%), with no consensus on a standardised measurement tool reached, although specialists pointed to the need for culturally sensitive measurement tools.</div><div>While this study highlights a lack of conformity for evaluating mental health and wellbeing outcomes, it suggests utility in an agreed definition and application of nine indicators for the evaluation of HEPA initiatives, with social determinants of particularly high importance across the relevant contexts. Further research is recommended to develop guidance on pragmatic measurement tools that can be utilised across other (European) countries and their implementation tested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking social determinants of health to mental health, movement behaviors, and cognitive function among U.S. youth","authors":"Zhongting Liu ,&nbsp;Yanxia Chen ,&nbsp;Fabian Herold ,&nbsp;Boris Cheval ,&nbsp;Ryan S. Falck ,&nbsp;Arthur F. Kramer ,&nbsp;Markus Gerber ,&nbsp;André O. Werneck ,&nbsp;Ruopeng An ,&nbsp;Megan Teychenne ,&nbsp;Neville Owen ,&nbsp;Liye Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Few studies have focused on a comprehensive view of social determinants of health (SDOH) domains as influences on the health of young people. This study aimed to investigate the associations between the Healthy people 2030 SDOH-related domains (i.e., economic stability, education access and quality, health care access and quality, neighborhood and built environment, and social and community context) with mental health, movement behaviors, and cognitive function among U.S. youth.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study used nationally representative data from the 2020–2021 National Survey of Children's Health, covering 54,595 youth aged 6–17 years. The associations of indicators of SDOH-related domains with mental health (depression and anxiety), movement behaviors (physical activity and screen-based sedentary behavior), and cognitive function were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models, adjusting for age, sex, and race.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Economic stability, education access and quality, health care access and quality, and social and community context were associated with at least one outcome measure of mental health, movement behaviors, and cognitive function, while neighborhood and built environment was associated with mental health and movement behaviors. The social and community context domain stood out, with friendship difficulty and household-based adverse childhood experiences being associated with poorer outcomes on most health indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>All five SDOH-related domains are related to aspects of youth health, with the social and community context domain showing the most associations, highlighting the need for interventions to improve social connection and address adverse childhood experiences, which may be more impactful in ameliorating many health-related challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The moderating influence of social cognition in the relationship between affect and physical activity in adolescents: An ecological momentary assessment study","authors":"Calissa J. Leslie-Miller,&nbsp;Christopher C. Cushing","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Affective states influence subsequent engagement in physical activity, but the nature of this relationship varies substantially from person-to-person (e.g., negative affect may precede increased physical activity for some adolescents and decreased for others).</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Explore which variables may explain the individual differences in the relationship between incidental affect and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study explores social cognitive variables as moderators of the relationship between incidental affect and MVPA through a 20-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study, in which 100 adolescents aged 13–18 years old (<em>M</em> = 14.45, <em>SD</em> = 1.37) were asked to complete a baseline assessment of their self-efficacy and outcome expectancies. Subsequently, wore an Actigraph (wGT3X-BT) accelerometer 24 h per day on their non-dominant wrist and answered EMA surveys assessing affect 4 times per day using time-based signaling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Within-person negative affect predicted MVPA (<em>b</em> = −0.15 <em>p</em> &lt; .05) with 95% CI [-0.29, −0.01], as did between-person negative affect (<em>b</em> = 0.08 <em>p</em> &lt; .05) with 95% CI [0.01, 0.15]. Additionally, there was a significant interaction between within-person negative affect and self-efficacy such that for individuals low in self-efficacy (&lt;2.08 on a 5-point scale) increased negative affect led to decreased MVPA (<em>b</em> = −0.06, <em>p</em> &lt; .05), but not for individuals high in self-efficacy (&gt;5.14 on a 5-point scale; <em>b</em> = 0.07, <em>p</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results indicate that self-efficacy is an important target for overcoming the deleterious effects of momentary negative affect on MVPA and suggests just-in-time intervention techniques for individuals who are typical or low in self-efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Together towards better executive functions? Effects of acute cognitively demanding physical activity and social interaction on inhibition","authors":"Cäcilia Zehnder ,&nbsp;Marion Gasser ,&nbsp;Sofia Anzeneder ,&nbsp;Anna Lisa Martin-Niedecken ,&nbsp;Caterina Pesce ,&nbsp;Mirko Schmidt ,&nbsp;Valentin Benzing","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Research has shown that acute physical activity (PA) improves inhibition performance. However, further information is needed on potential moderators that may influence this effect. Since social interaction (SoI) was proposed as an important PA characteristic influencing the PA-inhibition relation, this study examines the effects of acute PA and SoI on inhibition.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a 2 <span><math><mrow><mo>×</mo></mrow></math></span> 2 within-subject design, 96 participants (17–26 years, <em>M</em> = 20.5; <em>SD</em> = 1.7, 50% female) underwent four experimental conditions, consisting of a cognitively challenging (exer-)game varying in PA (PA/no PA) and SoI (SoI/no SoI). After each condition, inhibition performance was assessed using the Eriksen Flanker Task.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed that acute PA enhanced inhibition, leading to faster reaction times (ƞ²_p = 0.169) and higher accuracy rates (ƞ²_p = 0.090). However, the results showed speed-accuracy trade-offs for SoI, with faster reaction times (ƞ²_p = 0.041) and lower accuracy rates (ƞ²_p = 0.140). No interaction effects for PA and SoI on inhibition were observed (ƞ²_ps = 0.005–0.036).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings confirm that an acute bout of cognitively challenging PA can enhance inhibition performance but has no joint effects with SoI, which facilitated performance speed but worsened accuracy. Likely, the physically and cognitively challenging nature of the exergaming bout may have limited room for further improvement by SoI. Future acute PA studies should jointly explore the role of SoI and cognitive engagement in acute PA to identify an optimal pattern of task and context factors for reaping executive functions (EFs) gains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is higher physical activity behaviour associated with less subsequent use of any psychotropic medication: Results of a random-effects meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","authors":"Sebastian Wolf ,&nbsp;Edith Meinzinger ,&nbsp;Anna Katharina Frei ,&nbsp;Britta Seiffer ,&nbsp;Johanna Löchner ,&nbsp;Keisuke Takano ,&nbsp;Siobhan Scarlett ,&nbsp;Rose Anne Kenny ,&nbsp;Viviane Derhon ,&nbsp;Maria Eduarda Adornes Guimarães ,&nbsp;Felipe Barreto Schuch","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physical activity is associated with lower risk of incident depression and anxiety disorders. However, there is no meta-analytic evidence on the associations between physical activity levels and the incident use of psychotropic medications. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane were searched up until March 2024 to identify prospective cohort studies in the general population without age restrictions, with any sample size, and with at least one year of follow-up. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and a random-effects meta-analysis of adjusted relative risks was performed. Three studies comprising 40,111 participants and 322,521 person-years were included (mean age 53.8, range 18–90 years; 54% women). Relative to people reporting no physical activity, those accumulating any volume of physical activity had 15.0% (95% CI: 0.76, 0.96) lower risk of any subsequent medication use. Heterogeneity was moderate and not significant (<em>I</em>^<em>2</em> = 33.6%). The current meta-analysis demonstrated that people with higher physical activity levels are at lower risk of subsequent use of psychotropic medication. However, the evidence is based on a small number of studies <em>(n</em> = 3), highlighting the need for high-quality longitudinal studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Running toward substance use recovery: Does delay discounting mediate the relationship between physical activity and quality of life?","authors":"Daniel A.R. Cabral ,&nbsp;Rafaela M. Fontes ,&nbsp;Allison N. Tegge ,&nbsp;Mikayla Owen ,&nbsp;Jenny Nguyen ,&nbsp;Liqa Athamneh ,&nbsp;Warren K. Bickel","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recovery from substance use disorders is multifactorial with psychosocial functioning, such as quality of life (QOL), playing a particularly important role. Delay discounting, the degree to which individuals devaluate a reinforcer as a function of the delay to its receipt, is associated with QOL. Moreover, evidence shows that physical activity may decrease delay discounting rates. The present study aims to examine associations among physical activity, delay discounting, and QOL, and investigate the mediating role of delay discounting in the relationship between physical activity and QOL domains.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data was collected from the International Quit &amp; Recovery Registry (IQRR), and comprised of 267 participants (67% women) who reported being in recovery from substance use disorders. Participants completed the Health Behaviors Questionnaire (physical activity was measured using the fitness domain), a delay discounting minute task (higher delay discounting rates indicate a preference for smaller, sooner rewards), the World Health Organization QOL questionnaire, as well as demographics and substance use disorders-related questions. Multivariate linear regression was used to test associations between physical activity with delay discounting, and physical activity with each QOL domain. Mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate the mediating role of delay discounting in the relationship between physical activity and QOL domain.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher levels of physical activity were associated with greater valuation of the future (lower delay discounting rates; <em>p</em> &lt; .001) and higher levels of physical (<em>p</em> &lt; .001), and environmental (<em>p</em> = .001) QOL. Delay discounting mediated the relationship between physical activity and physical (<em>p</em> = .004), and environmental (<em>p</em> &lt; .001) QOL.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Physical activity can be an important tool in the treatment and recovery of substance use disorders, as it is associated with future-oriented choices, which in turn contributes to improving the QOL of those individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of school-based yoga on the executive functioning skills of children between three and seven years of age. A meta-analysis of existing research","authors":"Katie Wilkin,&nbsp;Georgia Allen-Baker,&nbsp;Claire Thornton","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Executive functioning is said to be fundamental to human cognition and achievement. This meta-analysis aimed to establish what effect – if any – yoga delivered in school-settings has upon the executive functioning skills of children between three and seven years of age.</div></div><div><h3>Procedure</h3><div>Databases screened were PubMed Central, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, and PsycARTICLES. Studies involving a yoga-based intervention alongside a control group, and age-appropriate measures of executive functioning were included. In total, seven studies, involving 1080 participants, met the inclusion criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Meta-analysis of all seven studies demonstrated a significant (p &lt; 0.001) small positive weighted average effect size (Cohen's <em>d</em>) of 0.24 [95% CI 0.10, 0.39], evidencing that yoga may improve the executive functioning skills of children between three and seven years of age. Sub-group meta-analyses to examine the different domains of executive functioning (working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility) revealed a significant (p = 0.007) small positive effect size (Cohen's <em>d</em>) of 0.41 [95% CI 0.11, 0.70] for working memory, and a significant (p = 0.033) marginal positive effect size (Cohen's <em>d</em>) of 0.18 [95% CI 0.01, 0.34] for inhibitory control. However, there were insufficient data for a sub-group meta-analysis of cognitive flexibility.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results are discussed in the context of ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ executive functioning skills. Study limitations are considered, and it is acknowledged that further high-quality research is needed into the effect(s) of school-based yoga on executive functioning within this population before definitive conclusions can be drawn.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}