The Open AIDS Journal最新文献

{"title":"Can Community Health Workers in Miami Disrupt Disparities among Black People Living with HIV: A Qualitative Analysis","authors":"S. Kenya, B. Young, Lindsay R Richards, Felicia Casanova, Allan Rodriguez, Jakisha Blackmon, O. Carrasquillo, Yue Pan, Deborah Jones-Weiss","doi":"10.2174/0118746136309444240425061403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746136309444240425061403","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 This study aims to understand how clinic-based Community Health Workers could address barriers to viral suppression and improve HIV management among Black people living with HIV.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 South Florida is home to the greatest number of people living with HIV (PLH) in Florida, and Black communities are disproportionately impacted. Among the most promising strategies to improve HIV outcomes among Black PLH (BPLH) are Community Health Worker (CHW) interventions. Traditionally, CHWs assist PLH in non-clinical environments, and little data exists on the effects of CHW strategies in clinical settings.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 From March 2021 to January 2022, we administered semi-structured interviews to patients, caregivers, and clinic staff to assess their perceptions of barriers to HIV care, facilitators of HIV care, and views on CHWs using a rapid qualitative analysis framework.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 There was significant overlap between clients and providers regarding the perceived barriers and facilitators to HIV care. Emergent themes reflected concepts surrounding HIV policy and clinic limitations, stigma across clinic- and community-based settings, and suggestions on ways CHWs can address these concerns.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results suggest embedding CHWs into HIV clinical teams may be an efficacious approach to address unmet social needs and overcome systemic barriers to HIV care, leading to improved care engagement and HIV outcomes among BPLH.\u0000","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140971923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV and risk behaviors among visitors of inmates at the Great Tehran Prison, Iran, 2018.","authors":"Zeinab Najafi,&nbsp;Saeede Shekarbeigi,&nbsp;Hamid Emadi Koochak,&nbsp;Behnam Farhoudi,&nbsp;SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi,&nbsp;Ali Mirzazadeh","doi":"10.2174/1874613602014010035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613602014010035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of HIV and risk behaviors among the inmates' visitors at the Great Tehran Prison in 2018.This population is more likely to be infected with HIV due to their relationship with inmates. However, they have not been prioritized to the other populations in comparison to inmates who are usually prioritized over others.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using a convenient sampling method, we recruited inmates' visitorsat the Great Tehran Prison in 2018. An anonymous questionnaire collected information on the participant's demographic characteristics, relationship withinmate, imprisonment history, drug-related risk behaviors, and HIV-related risk behaviors.Rapid HIV blood test detected HIV positive people. To examine the association between risk behaviors and HIV infection, we used a multivariate logistic regression model to calculate the adjusted Odds Ratio (OR)(adjusted Odds ratio of 23.140, 95% CI OD: 1.994-268.5).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1131 visitors were asked to participate in the study; out of which 1120 consented (99%).Out of the 1120 participants, 55.2% were female, and the majority (72.4%) aged older than 35 years. Of those who had a sexual partner, 50% did not usea condom in the last 6 months. Overall, HIV prevalence was 0.4% in the inmate visitors, but it was significantly higher among those with a history of drug injection(<i>p=0.003</i>).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicated that overall the HIV prevalence is low amonginmates' visitors; Subgroups with a history of injection have high HIV prevalence which needs to beprioritized for HIV screening and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7920085/pdf/nihms-1672978.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25422805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic and Cardiovascular Comorbidities Among Clinically Stable HIV Patients on Long-Term ARV Therapy in Five Ambulatory Clinics in Lima-Callao, Peru.","authors":"Jose A Hidalgo,&nbsp;Alberto Florez,&nbsp;Cecilia Agurto,&nbsp;Yvett Pinedo,&nbsp;Rosemarie Ayarza,&nbsp;Lourdes Rodriguez,&nbsp;Alberto La Rosa,&nbsp;Raul Gutierrez","doi":"10.2174/1874613601812010126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601812010126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is scarcity of data about the prevalence of non-AIDS defining comorbidities among stable HIV-infected patients in Peru.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to describe the most frequent cardiometabolic comorbidities found among ambulatory adults on ARV in Peru.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A review of records for patients attending regular visits at 5 clinics in Lima-Callao in January-February 2016 is presented. Patients were adults on ARV for >6 months, with no recent AIDS-defining condition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred and five medical charts were reviewed. Most patients were male (73.1%, n=223) with a mean age of 46.0 years. Mean time from HIV diagnosis was 9.41 yrs. and mean duration of ARV was 7.78 yrs. Most patients were on an NNRTI-based first line regimen (76.4%, n=233), and 12.1% (n=37) were on rescue regimens. Median CD4 count was 614.2 cells/µL and the proportion of patients with viral load <40 c/mL was 90.8% (n=277). Most frequent metabolic diagnoses were dyslipidemia (51.5%, n=157), obesity (11.1%, n=34), and diabetes mellitus (7.2%, n=22). Hypertension was diagnosed in 8.9% (n=27). Other diagnoses of cardiovascular disease were documented in 3.3% (n=10). Pharmacologic treatment was prescribed in 91.3% of patients with diabetes or hypertension, but in only 29.3% of patients with dyslipidemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A high proportion of metabolic comorbidities was found, with dyslipidemia being the most frequent, followed by obesity and diabetes. In contrast, cardiovascular disease was documented less frequently. Medical treatment was started for only a third of dyslipidemia patients. HIV care policies need to consider proper management of chronic comorbidities to optimize long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"126-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874613601812010126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36695002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Care and Treatment for Persons Aged ≥13 Years with HIV Infection 17 U.S. Jurisdictions, 2012-2015.","authors":"Debra L Karch,&nbsp;Xueyuan Dong,&nbsp;Jing Shi,&nbsp;H I Hall","doi":"10.2174/1874613601812010090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601812010090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Care and viral suppression national goals for HIV infection are not being met for many at-risk groups. Assessment of the trends in national outcomes for linkage to care, receipt of care, and viral suppression among these groups is necessary to reduce transmission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data reported to the National HIV Surveillance System by December 2016 were used to identify cases of HIV infection among persons aged 13 years and older in one of 17 identified jurisdictions with complete laboratory reporting. We estimated national trends in HIV-related linkage to care, receipt of care and viral suppression using estimated annual percent change from 2012-2015 for various characteristics of interest, overall and stratified by sex and race/ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, trends in linkage to and receipt of care and viral suppression increased from 2012-2015. Generally, linkage to and receipt of care increased among young black and Hispanic/Latino males, those with infection attributed to male-to-male sexual contact, and those not in stage 3 [AIDS] at HIV diagnosis. All sub-groups showed improvement in viral suppression. Within years, there remains a substantial disparity in receipt of care and viral suppression among racial/ethnic groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While trends are encouraging, scientifically proven prevention programs targeted to high-risk populations are the foundation for stopping transmission of HIV infection. Frequent testing to support early diagnosis and prompt linkage to medical care, particularly among young men who have male to male sexual contact, black and Hispanic/Latino populations, are key to reducing transmission at all stages of disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"90-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6182879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36671515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Behavioral Risk Factors Associated with Cryptosporidiosis in HIV/AIDS Patients Visiting the HIV Referral Clinic at Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana.","authors":"Yeboah K Opoku,&nbsp;Johnson N Boampong,&nbsp;Irene Ayi,&nbsp;Godwin Kwakye-Nuako,&nbsp;Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah,&nbsp;Harriet Koranteng,&nbsp;George Ghartey-Kwansah,&nbsp;Kwame K Asare","doi":"10.2174/1874613601812010106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601812010106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the socio-behavioral risk factors associated with cryptosporidiosis among HIV/AIDS patients with chronic diarrhea symptoms visiting the HIV referral clinic at Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 HIV/AIDS patients with recurrent diarrhea. Questionnaires were administered to collect social and behavioral risk factors associated with <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and other opportunistic protozoan parasitic infections in HIV patients. Stool samples were collected for the diagnosis of enteric protozoan pathogens using modified Ziehl-Neelsen and acid-fast staining methods. CD4⁺ cells counts of study subjects were obtained from patients clinical records. The data obtained were analyzed using Pearson chi-square and multivariate-adjusted statistics tool on SPSS 16 for Windows.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven (54%) of the subjects were infected with enteric protozoan pathogens. The prevalences of <i>Cryptosporidium</i>, <i>Cyclospora</i> and <i>Microsporidium</i> infections were 46%, 32% and 16%, respectively. <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection was significantly associated with drinking water (ײ=13.528, p<0.001), <i>Cyclospora</i> was associated with the type of drinking water (ײ=14.931, p<0.001) and toilet facilities used by the study subjects (ײ=12.463, p<0.01), whiles <i>Microsporidium</i> infection was associated with hand washing behavior (ײ=12.463, p<0.01). Enteric protozoans were frequently encountered among subjects with CD4+ T-cell count <200 cells/mm³. However, coinfection of <i>Cyclospora spp</i> & <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp was not observed in CD4⁺ cell count <200 and >500 cells/mm^3. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factor for <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection among HIV/AIDS patients was the source of drinking water (pipe borne water 76.2% prevalence: sachet water 25%; OR=0.10, 95%CI: 0.03-0.39, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We report the risk factor for exposure of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection among HIV/AIDS patients for the first time in Ghana. The contamination of drinking water by protozoan parasites should be a public health concern. These results provide the stepping block to understand the transmission dynamics of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and other opportunistic pathogens in HIV/AIDS infected patients in Ghana.</p>","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"106-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6182914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36671516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Too Much Sex and Alcohol\": Beliefs, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Male Adolescents and Young Men Who have Sex with Men in Ghana.","authors":"Lora L Sabin,&nbsp;Jennifer Beard,&nbsp;Thomas Agyarko-Poku,&nbsp;Mary DeSilva,&nbsp;Paul Ashigbie,&nbsp;Tami Segal,&nbsp;Michael Esang,&nbsp;Mabel Kissiwah Asafo,&nbsp;Peter Wondergem,&nbsp;Kimberly Green,&nbsp;Samuel Wambugu,&nbsp;Yaw Adu-Sarkodie","doi":"10.2174/1874613601812010069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601812010069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research suggests that men who have sex with men (MSM) often engage in high-risk sex and use illicit substances.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To increase understanding of HIV knowledge and vulnerability among adolescent and young adult MSM, with a focus on alcohol and drug use and transactional sex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with adolescent (aged 15-17 years) and young adult (aged 18-29 years) MSM in Kumasi, Ghana. MSM who reported recent alcohol and/or substance use or engagement in transactional sex were eligible. Questions covered HIV-related knowledge, experiences with substance-use and transactional sex, and attitudes regarding sexual risk-taking and HIV-related services. Data were analyzed thematically using NVivo 10.0 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-nine MSM participated in 44 interviews and 8 FGDs. Most were attending or had completed secondary school. HIV knowledge was high, but with major gaps. Most consumed alcohol; one-fourth used drugs. Alcohol and substances were consumed to enhance pleasure during sex with another man. Transactional sex was common and positively viewed. Half of the participants used condoms inconsistently or never, and self-perceived HIV risk was high. Nearly half faced stigma-related barriers to accessing HIV-related services.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As Ghana strives to achieve the UNAIDS's 90-90-90 global targets (90% of people living with HIV know their status, 90% who know their status are on sustained treatment, and 90% of those on treatment are virally suppressed), we recommend enhancing MSM-targeted prevention programs, improving care options, and increasing use of critical clinical HIV-services by ensuring that MSM receive unbiased, confidential care.</p>","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"69-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6128016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36527652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV Prevalence and Correlations in Prisons in Different Regions of the World: A Review Article.","authors":"Raheleh Golrokhi,&nbsp;Behnam Farhoudi,&nbsp;Leila Taj,&nbsp;Fatemeh Golsoorat Pahlaviani,&nbsp;Elham Mazaheri-Tehrani,&nbsp;Andrea Cossarizza,&nbsp;SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi,&nbsp;Minoo Mohraz,&nbsp;Fabrício Azevedo Voltarelli","doi":"10.2174/1874613601812010081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601812010081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of HIV is substantially higher among prisoners than the general population, while the incidence varies considerably in different regions around the world. If we consider Sub-Saharan Africa as one region with the highest prevalence of HIV, data on African prisoners would be limited. Despite the low prevalence of HIV in the Middle East and North Africa, its incidence is rising in these regions with a few exceptions; there are insufficient data on HIV prevalence in prisons. A similar situation is present in both Pacific and Central Asia as well as in Eastern Europe. A high rate of infection is mainly observed among prisoners in Western and Central parts of Europe, since the data from these are more available than other parts. Nowadays, the sexual transmission mode and tattooing are important ways in HIV risks among prisoners after injecting drug use as the most common route of HIV transmission in all regions. However, it is difficult to compare and analyze the prevalence of HIV among prisoners in different regions regarding the limited data and different methods which they used in collecting data. Eventually, it can certainly be said that prisons are one of the high-risk places for HIV transmission; on the other hand, can be a suitable place for implementing HIV case-finding, linkage to treatment and harm reduction programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"81-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6176549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36671514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV Prevention in Adolescents and Young People in the Eastern and Southern African Region: A Review of Key Challenges Impeding Actions for an Effective Response.","authors":"Kaymarlin Govender,&nbsp;Wilfred G B Masebo,&nbsp;Patrick Nyamaruze,&nbsp;Richard G Cowden,&nbsp;Bettina T Schunter,&nbsp;Anurita Bains","doi":"10.2174/1874613601812010068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601812010068","url":null,"abstract":"CORRIGENDUM HIV Prevention in Adolescents and Young People in the Eastern and Southern African Region: A Review of Key Challenges Impeding Actions for an Effective Response Kaymarlin Govender, Wilfred G.B. Masebo, Patrick Nyamaruze, Richard G. Cowden, Bettina T. Schunter and Anurita Bains Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa School of Applied Human Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa Department of Psychology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, United States of America UNICEF, Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office, Nairobi, Kenya","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6120102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36476052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV Prevention in Adolescents and Young People in the Eastern and Southern African Region: A Review of Key Challenges Impeding Actions for an Effective Response.","authors":"Kaymarlin Govender,&nbsp;Wilfred G B Masebo,&nbsp;Patrick Nyamaruze,&nbsp;Richard G Cowden,&nbsp;Bettina T Schunter,&nbsp;Anurita Bains","doi":"10.2174/1874613601812010053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601812010053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global commitment to ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030 places HIV prevention at the centre of the response. With the disease continuing to disproportionately affect young populations in the Eastern and Southern African Region (ESAR), particularly adolescent girls and young women, reducing HIV infections in this group is integral to achieving this ambitious target. This paper examines epidemiological patterns of the HIV epidemic among adolescents and young people, indicating where HIV prevention efforts need to be focused (<i>i.e.</i>, adolescent girls and young women, adolescent boys and young men and young key populations). Key innovations in the science of HIV prevention and strategies for dealing with programme implementation are reviewed. The paper also discusses the value of processes to mitigate HIV vulnerability and recommends actions needed to sustain the HIV prevention response. Stemming the tide of new HIV infections among young people in the ESAR requires an amplification of efforts across all sectors, which will safeguard past achievements and advance actions towards eliminating AIDS as a public health threat.</p>","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"53-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874613601812010053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36408728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Outcome and Adverse Events of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Based Regimens as Compared to Zidovudine Based Regimens Among People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.","authors":"Adane Teshome Kefale,&nbsp;Tegene Legese Dadi,&nbsp;Tessema Tsehay Biru,&nbsp;Teshale Ayele Mega","doi":"10.2174/1874613601812010038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601812010038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Findings from different studies report inferior clinical and virologic efficacy with TDF/3TC/NVP. But, some studies show that, there was no statistically significant difference in mortality among ZDV and TDF based regimens. The objective of this review was to systematically identify, appraise and synthesize the best available evidence on efficacy and safety of TDF based regimen as compared to ZDV based regimens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A three-step search strategy was used to locate published and unpublished studies. First, an initial limited search of google was undertaken followed by analysis of text words. A second extensive search was undertaken. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Medline, and CINHAL. We did the initial search for articles on July 11-18, 2016, and updated the results on May 13, 2017.Third, the reference lists of all identified articles was searched for additional studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ZDV based regimens had better outcome on prevention of mortality (OR=1.31, 95%CI (1.14, 1.50), I² = 0%, Chi² = 2.51), and lower virologic failure (OR = 1.44, 95% CI [1.18, 1.76], chi² = 5.91, P= 0.003, I² =83%) while, TDF based regimens were more tolerable (OR=0.15, 95%CI (0.08, 0.30), I² = 40%, Chi² = 3.31). The difference in incidence of opportunistic infection is not significant (OR = 0.83, 95% CI [0.52, 1.32], chi² = 0.11, P= 0.42, I² =0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is lower mortality and lower virologic failure in ZDV group, but better safety profile among TDF based regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"38-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874613601812010038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36313769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}