Catelyn N. Smeyne, Carlie D. Trott, Stacie Furst-Holloway, Farrah Jacquez
{"title":"Fostering Self-Determination: A Review and Research Agenda Advancing Self-Determination Theory as a Unifying Framework for Youth Well-Being in Foster Care Research","authors":"Catelyn N. Smeyne, Carlie D. Trott, Stacie Furst-Holloway, Farrah Jacquez","doi":"10.1007/s10560-024-00987-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-024-00987-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Young people in the United States foster care system face unique challenges related to their involvement in the system, often stemming from placement instability, disconnected policy and action, and an overburdened child welfare system. These experiences often result in limited opportunities for self-advocacy and change, difficulties forming quality relationships with peers and important adults, and barriers to academic and independent living success. There is a dire need for theoretically grounded, empirical work that can guide lawmakers, social workers, clinicians, foster/kinship parents, and youth in foster care themselves towards more positive, self-determined experiences within and beyond the system. This review advances Self-Determination Theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, Deci and Ryan, The Journal of Mind and Behavior 1:33–43, 1980) as an under-utilized yet particularly well-suited theoretical framework to guide research that will achieve these aims. After introducing the SDT framework and its clear relevance to critical issues in foster care research, this review articulates an SDT-guided research agenda centered on advancing youths’ well-being, specifically by promoting the achievement of SDT’s three core psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. This review also identifies future directions for research applying the SDT framework as a means to better understand and advance the “best interests” of young people in the foster care system.</p>","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luke Muentner, Alexander Testa, Rebecca L. Fix, Dylan B. Jackson
{"title":"Patterns of Vicarious Police Contact and Youths’ Stress and Attitudes About the Police","authors":"Luke Muentner, Alexander Testa, Rebecca L. Fix, Dylan B. Jackson","doi":"10.1007/s10560-024-00985-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-024-00985-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Youth of color residing in urban areas face elevated risks of vicarious police contact which can intensify feelings of fear, anger, and cynicism toward law enforcement. However, little is known as to how vicarious police stops are patterned across youths’ social circles and how these diverse vicarious exposures shape youths’ attitudes toward and stress about police. The current study analyzed data from the Survey of Police-Adolescent Contact Experiences, a cross-sectional survey of Black youth aged 12–21 in Baltimore City, Maryland (<i>n</i> = 345). Youth self-reported whether they knew anyone who has been stopped by police and selected their relation to who was stopped. They also reported how often they, themselves, engaged in efforts to avoid police, how stressed they were about police violence in their community, and their attitudes of policy legitimacy. The study used descriptive statistics, OLS regression, and ancillary attenuation analyses using the Karlson-Holm-Breen method. Results showed that over 50% of youth knew someone stopped by police, with 12% reporting four or more known persons. Analyses indicated that knowing more individuals stopped by police was associated with increased avoidance and stress while being linked to decreased perceptions of police legitimacy – findings particularly salient for those with four or more known persons stopped by police. Additionally, knowing a friend stopped by police significantly increased both police avoidance and stress levels. These findings underscore the importance of understanding vicarious police contact patterns within youths’ social circles and their implications for stress and attitudes about the police, emphasizing the need to foster positive police-youth relationships and address stress-related outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Susan Yoon, Dalhee Yoon, Uwe Wernekinck, Seungjin Lee, Choong Rai Nho, Ick-Joong Chung
{"title":"Father–Child Relationship Quality and Social Functioning Among Children at Risk for Child Maltreatment","authors":"Susan Yoon, Dalhee Yoon, Uwe Wernekinck, Seungjin Lee, Choong Rai Nho, Ick-Joong Chung","doi":"10.1007/s10560-024-00982-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-024-00982-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite the considerable growth and advancement in fatherhood research, relatively little is known about the effects of father–child relationship quality on social functioning among children who experience child maltreatment. Applying the strengths-based perspective, the current study sought to examine the association between father–child relationship quality and social functioning (social competence and positive peer relationships) among at-risk children, and to determine whether these associations are moderated by perpetrator type. This study included a sample of 681 US children (age 12 years) drawn from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. We conducted a series of ordinary least squares multiple regression analyses. Higher-quality father–child relationships were associated with higher levels of social competence (<i>B</i> = 0.19, <i>SE</i> = 0.06, <i>p</i> = .002) and positive peer relationships (<i>B</i> = 0.05, <i>SE</i> = 0.02, <i>p</i> = .005). Significant interaction effects were found. The positive association between father–child relationships and peer relationships was significantly stronger among children with a history of maltreatment perpetrated by fathers with or without mothers (<i>B</i> = 0.16, <i>SE</i> = 0.05, <i>p</i> = .002). Findings highlight the importance of positive father–child relationships in building social resilience among children who experience maltreatment. Practitioners working with youth who are at risk for maltreatment should consider engaging fathers in services to support the development of strong father–child relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flourishing After Foster Care: Examining Factors Affecting Flourishing in Transition Age Youth in the United States","authors":"Amanda Cruce, Paige Sable, Deborah J. Moon","doi":"10.1007/s10560-024-00990-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-024-00990-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is often unclear what leads to long term success for young adults that spent time in foster care. In this study we examined individual and systemic factors, including time in foster care, involvement in leadership programs, and health insurance coverage, seeking their impact on flourishing. Drawing on a national sample of 379 young adults that spent time in foster care, the survey examined individual and systemic factors that could increase flourishing in early adulthood. Study results reveal that Transitional Age Youth (TAY) who spent time in foster care experience significantly less flourishing compared to the general population (t = − 12.85, df = 337, p < 0.001). Additionally, sexual and gender minority youth within the foster care system report lower levels of flourishing than their heterosexual peers (t(336) = 13.1, p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis indicates that flourishing is negatively impacted by race, with African American TAY experiencing significantly lower flourishing (β = − 0.52, p < 0.01), and by sexual orientation, with sexual minority youth also reporting reduced flourishing (β = − 2.26, p < 0.001). Moreover, the length of time in foster care, particularly for those who spent 16–18 years in care, was associated with decreased flourishing (β = − 1.65, p < 0.01). Health insurance emerged as the only positive factor, significantly enhancing flourishing outcomes (β = 1.41, p < 0.001). This study contributes to a better understanding of disparities for marginalized populations, emphasizing the critical role of access to healthcare services in promoting flourishing among vulnerable young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142383901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tina M. Olsson, Martin Bergström, Magda Välikoski, Matilda Karlsson, Therése Skoog
{"title":"Advancing Our Understanding of Complex Intervention Development in Social Work: Co-Producing Support for Youth Transitioning from Out-of-Home Care","authors":"Tina M. Olsson, Martin Bergström, Magda Välikoski, Matilda Karlsson, Therése Skoog","doi":"10.1007/s10560-024-00986-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-024-00986-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research on intervention development has expanded over the past decade. However, much of the extant literature on complex intervention development is confined to healthcare and public health broadly or intervention science specifically with scant attention to the process within other fields known for their extensive provision of social interventions such as social work or community-based services. This paper aims to advance understanding of the complex intervention development process within social work using an example from the Swedish municipal social services. We use the Guidance for Reporting Intervention Development Studies (GUIDED) to describe the development and content of My Choice-My Way! an intervention to support youth transitioning from out-of-home care. Youth in out-of-home care is an extremely vulnerable group and one of social welfare services’ core user populations. Coproduction processes were used to develop a theory-, evidence-, and implementation-based approach to intervention development. Implications for future development within social work are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142383900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"To Belong: Narratives About Family Belonging Among Children in Foster Families or Where Custody has been Transferred","authors":"Sara Larsson, Elisabeth Punzi, Therése Wissö","doi":"10.1007/s10560-024-00981-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-024-00981-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>In 1983, 2001, 2002 and 2020 Swedish legislation has sought to strengthen children’s rights to family belonging in foster care, as well as their voices in decision making. The aim of this study was to understand how children in long-term foster families and children whose custody has been transferred experience family belonging within these different legal contexts. Methods: Six participants aged 11–17 years were recruited. The data were collected through narrative interviews. Both verbal and visual methods were used in data collection and narrative analysis was used to capture a comprehensive understanding of the stories. Findings: It is suggested that a sense of family belonging can be understood through the following themes: “To spend time”, “To share experiences”, “To be seen, cared for, and supported”, “To resemble someone”, and “To know or not to know”. Conclusion: Practical implications of the findings are discussed in relation to planning, guidance, and decision-making within foster care. The results, if implemented in practice, could have an impact on how to discuss foster children’s sense of family belonging within the foster care system.</p>","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142306413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Johanna Creswell Báez, Padma Swamy, Adriana Gutierrez, Ana Ortiz-Mejias, Jacquelyn Othon, Nohemi Garcia Roberts, Sanghamitra Misra
{"title":"Insights for Clinical Providers and Community Leaders: Unaccompanied Immigrant Children’s Mental Health Includes Caregiver Support","authors":"Johanna Creswell Báez, Padma Swamy, Adriana Gutierrez, Ana Ortiz-Mejias, Jacquelyn Othon, Nohemi Garcia Roberts, Sanghamitra Misra","doi":"10.1007/s10560-024-00980-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-024-00980-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The numbers of unaccompanied immigrant children (UCs) seeking asylum in the United States (U.S.) has grown dramatically in the last couple of years. However, there is limited research on the lived experiences and mental health needs of caregivers who support UCs throughout the process of integrating into their new lives in the U.S. This study explores the lived experience and mental health needs of UCs and their caregivers with the goal of guiding best practices for community providers. This qualitative action research study included interviewing UCs, their caregivers, healthcare professionals, mental health providers, and community leaders in Houston, Texas (<i>N</i> = 36). Seven key themes emerged highlighting the comprehensive needs of UCs in the community, the prioritization of legal support over health needs, and the unique cultural and developmental challenges UCs face. Caregivers’ narratives underscored their critical role in supporting UCs, marked by financial strain, guilt, and the struggle to provide a secure and nurturing environment amidst post-migration challenges. This research underscores the urgency for holistic, culturally attuned, and trauma-informed community services that address both UCs <i>and</i> their caregivers’ needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142144214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehrdad Shahidi, Michael Ungar, Miryam Wedyaswari, Mahnaz Shojaee
{"title":"The Role of Resilience as a Mediating Factor between Adverse Childhood Experience and Mental Health in Adolescents Receiving Child Welfare Services in Nova Scotia","authors":"Mehrdad Shahidi, Michael Ungar, Miryam Wedyaswari, Mahnaz Shojaee","doi":"10.1007/s10560-024-00979-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-024-00979-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and mental health problems (depression, suicidal thoughts, PTSD, and functional impairments) among youth is well studied, there is less known about the mediating role played by resilience for youth receiving child welfare services. This study explored the mediating effects of resilience in relationship to ACEs and mental health outcomes for youth receiving child welfare services. <i>Participants and setting</i>: The study included 251 participants (14–19 years of age, 58% female) receiving child welfare services from the government of Nova Scotia, Canada. A cross-sectional design was used with seven measures administered to youth through phone interviews. Risk exposure was measured using the ACEs scale while resilience was assessed with the CYRM-17. Mental health outcomes included depression symptoms (BDI-II), suicidal thoughts (SBQ-R), post traumatic stress reactions (PTSRS), and functional impairment (IATSS). Structure equation modelling (SEM) and general linear model (GLM) were used to analyze the data. Resilience directly affects mental health outcomes (<i>β</i> = − 0.409, <i>p</i> < .001) and indirectly mediates the effect of ACEs on outcomes (<i>β =</i> 0.236, <i>P</i> < .001). Resilience showed different patterns in terms of sex and education. The youth who identified themselves as non-binary and were not enrolled in an educational program had lower levels of resilience. Resilience decreases the risk of mental health problems among youth receiving child welfare services. The impact of resources to build relational, caregiver, and social-contextual resilience may be influenced by a youth’s sexual identity and engagement in education.</p>","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Examining the Protective Impact of Peer Relationships on Negative Self-Esteem among High-Risk Adolescents: The Interplay of Gender and Ethnicity","authors":"Tola Seng, Eunju Lee, Mi Jin Choi","doi":"10.1007/s10560-024-00978-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-024-00978-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines to what extent peer relationships mitigate the effects of emotional maltreatment on self-esteem among adolescents who remained with their parents after a child maltreatment investigation. Its second aim is to explore how gender, race, and ethnicity moderate the association between peer relationships and self-esteem. The study sample consists of adolescents between 11 and 17 living with a biological parent after the initial CPS investigation from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-being II. The analysis is limited to the cases with valid responses on youth-reported emotional maltreatment, negative self-esteem, and peer relationships at Wave 2 and demographic data and child welfare involvement in Wave 1, yielding 393 adolescents. Findings confirm the protective effects of peer relationships and the adverse effects of emotional maltreatment on self-esteem. The impact of peer relationships is significantly more robust among female and Hispanic adolescents. Implications for practice include peer-based interventions and preventive services.</p>","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cautions About Research Linking Abortion Restrictions to Child Maltreatment","authors":"Monica Faulkner, Katie Massey Combs, Amy Dworsky, Svetlana Shpiegel, Kristen Ethier","doi":"10.1007/s10560-024-00977-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-024-00977-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The United States Supreme Court’s decision in Dobb’s v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization has heightened interest in the link between restrictions on abortion access and child maltreatment. Connecting decreased access to abortion to increases in child maltreatment and subsequent foster care entries presents substantive challenges related to the magnitude of any effect of abortion restrictions, methodological challenges related to limitations of existing sources of national child welfare data, and conceptual challenges related to the structure and function of child welfare systems. In this paper, we explore these substantive, methodological and conceptual challenges. Specifically, we consider both the actual impact of abortion restrictions on the occurrence of abortions and the complexities that studying the link between abortion restrictions and child maltreatment presents. We caution researchers about making causal links between abortion restrictions and either child maltreatment or foster care entries without sufficiently documenting limitations of national sources of child welfare data and accounting for multiple confounding factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"190 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141899538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}