Global Policy最新文献

{"title":"“Invisible Bullets”: The Power of Narratives in Modern Warfare","authors":"Aleksandr Zarnadze","doi":"10.1111/1758-5899.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper explores the role of narratives in modern warfare, analyzing their impact, mechanisms, and constraints through an analysis of two books—<i>Changing the Narrative: Information Campaigns, Strategy</i>, and <i>Crisis Escalation in the Digital Age</i> by Lawrence Freedman and Heather Williams, and <i>Subversion: The Strategic Weaponization of Narratives</i> by Andreas Krieg. While military power remains decisive, cognitive warfare has evolved into a main instrument of geopolitical rivalry, shaping public perception and influencing strategic outcomes. Freedman and Williams argue that narratives, though central to cognitive warfare, have limited impact on crisis escalation. In contrast, Krieg sees them as potent subversive tools capable of destabilizing societies. This study critiques the short-term focus of Freedman and Williams, highlighting the long-term role of narratives in shaping ideological foundations for mass mobilization. It argues that narratives are not static; their authority and truthfulness evolve over time, influenced by shifting political and social contexts. Additionally, the study underscores the growing challenge democracies face in countering hostile narratives, calling for deeper research into trust, audience psychology, and effective counter-narrative strategies in the digital age.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51510,"journal":{"name":"Global Policy","volume":"16 2","pages":"419-422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Side Payments in World Politics: Theory and Practice","authors":"Ethan B. Kapstein","doi":"10.1111/1758-5899.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Scholars of world politics frequently highlight the importance of side payments in promoting international cooperation across a broad array of issue areas, from military alliances to environmental agreements. However, in order to be effective, side payments must be credible, meaning that they require the parties to make “binding agreements.” But what does it mean to make a “binding agreement” in the context of world politics? How can such agreements be enforced? The purpose of this article is to address several outstanding issues in the conceptualization of side payments in the hope of defining some scope conditions under which such payments are most likely to promote cooperation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51510,"journal":{"name":"Global Policy","volume":"16 2","pages":"258-265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should Eminence Outweigh Evidence? The Global Preparedness Monitoring Board's Report on Pandemic Preparedness","authors":"David Bell,&nbsp;Garrett Wallace Brown,&nbsp;Blagovesta Tacheva,&nbsp;Jean von Agris","doi":"10.1111/1758-5899.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Global Pandemic Monitoring Board (GPMB) is a group of eminent individuals publishing reports calling for increased emphasis on pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response (PPPR). They advocate for the World Health Organization's (WHO) PPPR preferred approach and its attendant financial requests. Though claiming independence, GPMB is co-convened by WHO and the World Bank. The GPMB report of January 2025 displays a selective approach in which drivers of increased outbreak risk are emphasized while drivers mitigating risk are ignored. The impression, reinforced by the GPMB's conclusions, is of an inexorable increase in pandemic risk. In ignoring the balance between various epidemiological and behavioral drivers, the predictions promoted through the report are divorced from real-world expectation. Claims that “Individualism” is a major driver of risk, and misinformation an important promoter of harm, are backed by a weak evidence base. This raises important concerns regarding human rights and the arbitration of correct and incorrect information by specific institutions. The use of eminent committees such as GPMB to advocate to governments and media risks undermining the role of evidence in public health policymaking. WHO should consider requiring a structured approach emphasizing costs and benefits, leaving advocacy to Member States in their own context.</p>","PeriodicalId":51510,"journal":{"name":"Global Policy","volume":"16 2","pages":"410-418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"American Public Opinion on US Responses to Russia's Nuclear Threats in Ukraine","authors":"Kaitlin Peach,&nbsp;Andrew Fox,&nbsp;Kuhika Gupta,&nbsp;Joseph Ripberger,&nbsp;Cheyenne Black,&nbsp;Tristan Winkle,&nbsp;Hank Jenkins-Smith","doi":"10.1111/1758-5899.13490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.13490","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, President Vladimir Putin's nuclear threats have reshaped the global nuclear landscape, potentially altering public attitudes toward nuclear deterrence and weapons use. This article examines American preferences for United States responses—nuclear, conventional, or nonmilitary—to three hypothetical scenarios involving Russia's potential use of nuclear weapons against Ukraine. Drawing on data from the 2022 National Security Survey by the Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis, we find that the American public generally favors conventional military responses over nuclear options, even in the face of increased nuclear threats. Qualitative analysis reveals that respondents primarily apply a “logic of consequences,” prioritizing strategic military utility over ethical or normative concerns when considering responses. These findings have significant implications for US nuclear policy and the theoretical discourse on nuclear nonuse.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51510,"journal":{"name":"Global Policy","volume":"16 2","pages":"235-245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classical Realism, Practices, and Paradiplomacy: The International Activities of Canadian Provinces","authors":"Grant Dawson","doi":"10.1111/1758-5899.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article proposes a general theory of paradiplomacy based on Hans J. Morgenthau's classical realism (emphasizing emotions) and practices. It tests this theory on Canadian provincial international activities from 1945 to 2020. Morgenthau conceives of politics as a struggle for love and power that is universal but pluralistic in its social manifestations. Practices can be found everywhere, so variegated paradiplomacy practices are a global inevitability. The article argues that the provinces filter paradiplomacy through a distinct practice called the “diplomatic tradition of Canadian federalism” as one way of engaging in domestic power politics. The article distills the practice background into a three-part social mechanism—asymmetry, ambiguity, and accommodation—and in the case study confirms it using a version of process tracing and practitioner interviews. The article's theory is not only plausible; it is also necessary because the paradiplomacy field lacks a theory on which to found assumptions that can be integrated into IR paradigms and trajectories, such as emotions, practices, and the renewed interest in classical realism.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51510,"journal":{"name":"Global Policy","volume":"16 2","pages":"246-257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Policies to Restrict Food Marketing to Children in Latin America: Progress and Challenges","authors":"Florence L. Théodore,&nbsp;Regina Durán,&nbsp;Lizbeth Tolentino Mayo,&nbsp;Alondra Coral Aragón-Gama,&nbsp;Vania Lara Mejía,&nbsp;Priscila Moreno,&nbsp;Paulina Barquín,&nbsp;Paola Villaverde,&nbsp;Fiorella Espinosa de Candido,&nbsp;Maria Isabel Ferre Eguiluz,&nbsp;Simón Barquera","doi":"10.1111/1758-5899.13470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.13470","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite evidence showcasing the exploitation of children's vulnerability by the food industry through such marketing, only a few countries globally have regulated unhealthy food marketing. This study aims to assess the progress, challenges, and lessons learned in implementing policies restricting unhealthy food marketing to children in Latin America and the Caribbean. Using qualitative methods, including a literature review, online surveys, country selection based on regulatory standards, and in-depth interviews, the study focuses on five front-runner countries: Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru, and Uruguay. Results reveal varying degrees of child protection across these countries, with challenges related to technical, financial, and industry interference. Monitoring and evaluation efforts are limited, except in Chile. Recommendations include avoiding conflicts of interest, promoting cooperation between sectors, ensuring autonomy of health ministries, regulating social media marketing, imposing strong penalties, and allocating specific budgets for policy phases. In conclusion, while progress is evident in Latin American and the Caribbean, there is a need for strengthening the implementation and especially the regulatory frameworks, responsive monitoring, and evaluation processes, emphasizing health over commercial interests to improve food environments and safeguard public health.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51510,"journal":{"name":"Global Policy","volume":"16 2","pages":"385-402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collision Course: How Iran and Israel Brought the Middle East to the Brink of War","authors":"Rob Geist Pinfold,&nbsp;Clive Jones,&nbsp;Anoushiravan Ehteshami","doi":"10.1111/1758-5899.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This policy analysis asks: what has caused and now sustains the violent escalation cycle that is re-defining the Middle East and how will this all end? It analyses Iran and Israel's grand strategies. It argues that both employ force to achieve strategic depth and both bifurcate the region into two blocs doomed to constantly fight for hegemony. Equally, they both share the same flaws. Israel and Iran alike prioritise conflict management over conflict resolution. But neither are effective are achieving this pessimistic goal. Concurrently, the ongoing conflict has precipitated a role reversal in Iran and Israel's regional visions. Israel is a traditionally a status quo power, whereas Iran has followed a revisionist grand strategy. However, it is Israel that is now the region's peremptory revisionist power. This is because the October 7 attacks have caused Israel to no longer tolerate hostile actors on its borders. Equally, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu seeks a1967 moment: a regional reordering in Israel's favour. Conversely, Iran is now an increasingly status quo power; it seeks a cease-fire in the current conflict because it feels that it is losing and needs to preserve its regional assets.</p>","PeriodicalId":51510,"journal":{"name":"Global Policy","volume":"16 2","pages":"289-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “The Dynamics of Governance and Sustainable Development Goals in the Global South”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1758-5899.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Original text in paragraph 2 of “Introduction” section</span>\u0000 </p><p>With its 17 SDGs and 169 targets, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development1. demonstrates the international commitment to achieving worldwide sustainable development in its social, economic and environmental dimension (United Nations, 2015). What makes the SDGs special is the broad acceptance and commitment of the international community, the comprehensive definition of sustainable development in its different dimensions made measurable through 232 indicators, and the understanding that these sustainability goals are universal, integrated and indivisible. The emergence of the goals can be understood in the context of and as a response to global problems emerging in the wake of globalization processes and increasing global interconnectedness.</p><p>\u0000 <span>Correction</span>\u0000 </p><p>In paragraph 2 of the “Introduction” section, the paragraph should be replaced with the following:</p><p>Building on the achievements of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 objectives that aim to eradicate poverty, safeguard the environment, and promote peace and prosperity, among others. Achieving any one of the 17 goals will require addressing problems related to another. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development features 169 targets and 17 Sustainable Development Goals, indicates the global commitment to attaining sustainable development in all its social, economic, and environmental dimensions (United Nations, 2015). The comprehensive definition of sustainable development is quantified by 232 indicators in all dimensions, widely accepted and committed by the international community. It is also recognized that these sustainability goals are universal, integrated, and inseparable.</p><p>As Glass and Newig (2019) perceptively point out, there is broad acceptance and commitment of the international community to SDG2030, the comprehensive definition of sustainable development in its different dimensions made measurable through 232 indicators, and the understanding that these sustainability goals are universal, integrated and indivisible. Decision making and interactions between different stakeholders are defined by institutions, procedures and systems that make up global governance. The emergence of these goals can be understood in the context of and as a response to global problems emerging in the wake of globalization processes and increasing global interconnectedness.</p><p>We apologise for the unintentional omission of the citation of the 2019 article by Professors Glass and Newig due to the oversight that the reference being omitted in the final version submitted. To rectify this problem, we have made a correction on the opening paragraph of the essay to include the citation of the 2019 article by Glass and Newig.</p>","PeriodicalId":51510,"journal":{"name":"Global Policy","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sing safety: Understanding South Sudanese protection strategies through song","authors":"Sylvia A. N. Nannyonga-Tamusuza,&nbsp;Naomi Pendle","doi":"10.1111/1758-5899.13498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.13498","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We advocate for ethnomusicology—the critical study of the dialogical relationship between music and the contexts that define it—as one of the research approaches that humanitarians and peacekeepers should use to better understand civilians' self-protection strategies during conflict. Humanitarian protection strategies have not kept all civilians safe, so there is growing scholarly and policy attention to self-protection strategies. It is important that humanitarians do not simply instrumentalise self-protection strategies but understand the politics and logics behind them. This article argues that paying attention to music can help humanitarians understand self-protection strategies, especially as music can create space for discussion even about emotive or political topics that cannot be verbalised in other ways. Musicians also often have an authority that can help shape behaviour, and songs are often used to share strategies to stay safe. Music can also create important memories and social meanings around protection strategies. This article is based on research in Warrap State, South Sudan—a region that has long histories of colonial and post-colonial armed conflict, military mobilizations and aid actor interventions as well as established musical norms and evolving self-protection strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51510,"journal":{"name":"Global Policy","volume":"16 1","pages":"150-160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.13498","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Safety of Strangers: The Realities and Politics of Protecting Civilians in Times of War","authors":"Naomi Pendle,&nbsp;Tom Kirk","doi":"10.1111/1758-5899.13499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.13499","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent wars have brutally shown that civilians are not safe. This is despite high-level global commitments and multi-billion-dollar humanitarian spending to keep civilian strangers protected. The high civilian death tolls in recent armed conflicts are prompting new questions about how and if we can protect civilians in times of war, and what the real politics of such protection is. In this special section and its introduction, we argue that it is essential to pay attention to civilians' actual experiences of protection and their own strategies for staying safe. Normative schemes, including those that seek to offer safety to strangers, are always contested and negotiated and are always bound up in claims for legitimacy, power and public authority. We argue that it is in civilians' quotidian experiences of staying safe that we can best see and understand the local, national and international politics of civilian protection, as well as the forms of safety that are prioritised by civilians themselves. To do this, the special section draws together qualitative, ethnographic and ethnomusicological research in Sudan, South Sudan and Uganda to shed light on how the international community can keep civilians safe.</p>","PeriodicalId":51510,"journal":{"name":"Global Policy","volume":"16 1","pages":"64-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-5899.13499","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}