European Journal of Criminology最新文献_第4页

Deviant peers: Does friendship stability condition the peer-delinquency link? 离经叛道的同伴:友谊的稳定性是否制约了同伴犯罪的联系?

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.1177/14773708221128293

Marie Ouellet, L. Daigle, Owen Gallupe

引用次数: 0

Criminogenic and harm-enabling features of social media platforms: The case of sharenting practices 社交媒体平台的致犯罪和致伤害特征：分享行为案例

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.1177/14773708221131659

A. Lavorgna, M. Tartari, Pamela Ugwudike

{"title":"Criminogenic and harm-enabling features of social media platforms: The case of sharenting practices","authors":"A. Lavorgna, M. Tartari, Pamela Ugwudike","doi":"10.1177/14773708221131659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708221131659","url":null,"abstract":"Sharenting – that is, the sharing of identifying and sensitive information of minors, who are often overexposed online by parents or guardians – has, at times, criminogenic potential, as the information shared can enable both heinous crimes and other types of harmful conduct. Whilst most research on sharenting has focused on the sharenters and their agency, there is a gap in addressing whether and to what extent social media platforms display criminogenic or other harm-enabling features that can render sharenting risky for affected minors. By relying on an adapted crime proofing of legislation approach, our contribution analyses the self-regulations (in the form of corporate documents and forms of self-organisation) of five major social media platforms and identifies several risks and vulnerabilities to harmful sharenting practices embedded in the platforms’ policies. In doing so, the study demonstrates how criminological imagination can effectively contribute to the multidisciplinary debates on digital ecosystems and their regulation, paving the way for a reduction of criminogenic and harmful opportunities online.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":"20 1","pages":"1037 - 1060"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43422174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Differential updating and morality: Is the way offenders learn from police detection associated with their personal morals? 差异更新与道德:罪犯从警察侦查中学习的方式与他们的个人道德有关吗?

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2022-10-31 DOI: 10.1177/14773708221128515

F. Kaiser, Björn Huss, Marcus Schaerff

{"title":"Differential updating and morality: Is the way offenders learn from police detection associated with their personal morals?","authors":"F. Kaiser, Björn Huss, Marcus Schaerff","doi":"10.1177/14773708221128515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708221128515","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of differential deterrability research has investigated whether people differ in the extent to which a perceived threat of sanctions deters them from committing a crime. Less is known about the differential influence of criminal justice intervention on sanction threat perceptions. According to deterrence theory, however, for justice intervention to successfully deter crime, a process of perceptual updating is required. In the current study, we used panel data from German adolescents to supplement the research on differential updating. We applied fixed effects regressions to analyze whether people with weaker or stronger morals update their perceptions of detection risk differently following experiences of police detection. Our findings suggest that they do: risk perceptions increased more in adolescents with weak morals than in adolescents with strong morals when they experienced a higher certainty of detection (a higher detection rate). Combined with previous findings on differential deterrence (by personal morality), our results indicate that deterrence processes may—for individuals with weak morals—play a more critical role in the prevention of crime than previous nondifferential research has suggested.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":"58 13","pages":"1061 - 1080"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41257611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Severe violent victimization and labour market exclusion: The significance of the victim–offender overlap 严重暴力受害与劳动力市场排斥:受害者-犯罪者重叠的意义

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2022-10-31 DOI: 10.1177/14773708221128517

Anna Kahlmeter

{"title":"Severe violent victimization and labour market exclusion: The significance of the victim–offender overlap","authors":"Anna Kahlmeter","doi":"10.1177/14773708221128517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708221128517","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence that violent victimization is associated with an array of negative outcomes over the life-course is mounting. While its links to poor health have been extensively documented, socio-economic outcomes have been left relatively unexplored. In this study, Swedish population register data are utilized to examine the relationship between violent victimization and labour market exclusion, placing particular focus on the moderating role of offending and gender differences in this dynamic. Using data on 12 complete successive cohorts born 1975 to 1986, violent victimization is observed in young adulthood (age 20–24) using patient register data, and is measured as interpersonal violence resulting in hospital admission. Labour market exclusion is operationalized as being not in employment education or training and is observed at age 25 and 30. Linear probability models are estimated for men and women, respectively. The findings suggest that women who have been victims of violent crime face elevated risks of labour exclusion, in both the short and the long run, and regardless of criminal offending. Men, on the other hand, display no excess risk of labour market exclusion in the absence of violent offending. For the group of male violent offenders, however, victimization adds to the risk of labour market exclusion. Implications of the findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":"20 1","pages":"1081 - 1105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43142254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing and reporting leaking of violent intent: Influences of perpetrator and witness characteristics 评估和报告暴力意图泄露：犯罪者和证人特征的影响

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.1177/14773708221120004

Laura Tampe, R. Bondü

{"title":"Assessing and reporting leaking of violent intent: Influences of perpetrator and witness characteristics","authors":"Laura Tampe, R. Bondü","doi":"10.1177/14773708221120004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708221120004","url":null,"abstract":"Because the police are reliant on laypersons to report announcements (leaking) of terrorist attacks, it is crucial to examine potential determinants for their assessment of the seriousness of leaking and the likelihood to report it. Members of the law enforcement authorities also need to decide which instances of leaking to prosecute further. We asked 392 laypersons and 188 police students to assess the seriousness and anticipated likelihood to report/prosecute leaking. Using a behavioral process tracing (BPT) task, we examined which further information they consider important for their decisions. We also assessed participant characteristics that may influence these decisions. Laypersons rated the seriousness of leaking higher than police students, but were less likely to report it to the police than police students were likely to have the leaking prosecuted. Both groups selected information about the potential perpetrator's criminal history, political attitude, and repetition of leaking most frequently. Accordingly, receiving information about the potential perpetrator's criminal past, right-wing attitude, and repetition of leaking in the BPT task was associated with increases in the seriousness ratings and the likelihood to report/prosecute leaking in both groups. Concerning the participants’ characteristics, particularly fear of terrorism (and partly political attitude and news consumption) predicted both the seriousness ratings and the likelihood to report/prosecute leaking. In conclusion, characteristics of both the potential perpetrator and the participants drove the decisions. Thus, it seems important to provide more information about the concept of leaking and to emphasize its importance in preventing terrorist attacks in order to improve the likelihood to report/prosecute it. Additionally, the development of objective assessment criteria for the police seems essential in order to reduce the influence of witnesses' characteristics on these decisions.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":"20 1","pages":"1164 - 1184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48063918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simple indicators of crime and police: How big data can be used to reveal temporal patterns 犯罪和警察的简单指标:如何利用大数据揭示时间模式

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.1177/14773708221120754

Philip Dau, Maite Dewinter, F. Witlox, T. Beken, C. Vandeviver

{"title":"Simple indicators of crime and police: How big data can be used to reveal temporal patterns","authors":"Philip Dau, Maite Dewinter, F. Witlox, T. Beken, C. Vandeviver","doi":"10.1177/14773708221120754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708221120754","url":null,"abstract":"This study demonstrates how temporal summary statistics can be a guiding tool for big data analyses to unravel temporal patterns of crime and police presence. Simple indicator statistics were used to identify temporal clusters of crimes and police presence, and to investigate potential links between the two. The methodology was applied on an anonymized police database, including reported crime events and police presence data, from a medium-sized European police department. The results illustrated that certain crime types occurred more during the day (e.g., burglaries), while others were more prevalent at night (e.g., drug crimes, motorbike and car theft). Police presence showed dispersed temporal patterns and little temporal focus on any type of crime. The research shows that temporal summary statistics can be used to support an explorative analysis of big datasets and guide subsequent spatiotemporal analyses of crime and police data. The summary statistics offer an accessible approach to analysing extensive datasets of policing activity and improving evidence-based policing strategies.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":"20 1","pages":"1146 - 1163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45511924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The spatial and temporal development of British prisons from 1901 to the present: The role of de-industrialisation 1901年至今英国监狱的时空发展:去工业化的作用

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.1177/14773708221115159

P. Jones, Emily Gray, S. Farrall

引用次数: 0

Attitudes towards the death penalty: An assessment of individual and country-level differences 对死刑的态度:对个人和国家一级差异的评估

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/14773708221097670

D. McCarthy, I. brunton-smith

{"title":"Attitudes towards the death penalty: An assessment of individual and country-level differences","authors":"D. McCarthy, I. brunton-smith","doi":"10.1177/14773708221097670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708221097670","url":null,"abstract":"Research on public attitudes to the death penalty has been predominantly understood through single nation-states, especially within the USA. Examinations of international differences in citizens’ support for the death penalty have been scarce, particularly among continents with a high volume of retentionist nations (e.g. Asia). In this paper, we draw on a dataset of 135,000 people from across 81 nations to examine differences in death penalty support. We find that residents of retentionist nations are generally more supportive of the death penalty than those from abolitionist nations. But this general difference masks important differences both within and between countries. At the country-level, residents of abolitionist nations with autocratic political systems and those with higher homicide levels were more likely to support the death penalty than residents of other abolitionist nations. At the individual level, greater support for a strong dictatorial-type leader and perceptions of political corruption are associated with increased support for the death penalty, but only in abolitionist nations. By contrast, more frequent religious worship, perceived egalitarianism in a nation, and support for the political performance of government reduced death penalty support in abolitionist nations but increased support in retentionist nations, while belief in individual responsibility and critical views towards ethnic minorities increased support for the death penalty across both abolitionist and retentionist nations.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46528786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The SECI model and darknet markets: Knowledge creation in criminal organizations and communities of practice SECI模型和暗网市场:犯罪组织和实践社区的知识创造

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2022-08-19 DOI: 10.1177/14773708221115167

Marie-Helen Maras, Jana Arsovska, A. S. Wandt, Melanie Knieps, Kenji Logie

{"title":"The SECI model and darknet markets: Knowledge creation in criminal organizations and communities of practice","authors":"Marie-Helen Maras, Jana Arsovska, A. S. Wandt, Melanie Knieps, Kenji Logie","doi":"10.1177/14773708221115167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708221115167","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines darknet markets through the lens of a business theory on knowledge management. Taking epistemological and ontological dimensions into consideration, this study uses Nonaka's (1991) SECI model as a theoretical framework to identify and describe how tacit and explicit knowledge is created and shared on Silk Road, Pandora and Agora darknet markets, and how people affect this process. By studying this process, insights can be obtained into darknet market criminal organizations and communities of practice and their impact on the continuity and resilience of illicit darknet markets. This project used data from the Internet Archive collection of publicly available darknet market scrapes between 2011 and 2015 from Branwen et al. (2015) . We observed instances of the SECI model (socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization) on darknet markets in both criminal organizations and communities of practice. Darknet market leaders and groups facilitated both knowledge creation and sharing. This study is the first to test the SECI model on darknet markets. The study provides an understanding of the complexity and resilience of darknet markets, as well as valuable information to help guide law enforcement agencies efforts to stop the illicit trade of goods and services.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48003150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Is there a penalty for going to trial in Spain? Plea bargaining and courtroom efficiency 在西班牙接受审判会受到处罚吗?辩诉交易和法庭效率

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.1177/14773708221117514

Steven Kemp, Daniel Varona

{"title":"Is there a penalty for going to trial in Spain? Plea bargaining and courtroom efficiency","authors":"Steven Kemp, Daniel Varona","doi":"10.1177/14773708221117514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708221117514","url":null,"abstract":"The plea bargain is now the most frequent mode of conviction in many countries, yet several problems have been highlighted, such as loss of rights, enhanced sentencing disparities or increased false confessions. A central element to many of the issues is the sentence discount obtained by pleading or the penalty associated with going to trial. However, outside the United States and the United Kingdom, there have been few attempts to analyse plea-trial disparities, and in Spain research is almost non-existent. To help fill this gap, the present article provides the first quantitative examination of plea discounts and trial penalties in Spain. Regression models, covariate balancing propensity score and counterfactuals are estimated to show that, in comparison to going to trial, agreeing to a plea in the initial stage of the process is associated with shorter sentences and, more importantly, the results demonstrate that the probability of entering prison is significantly greater for those convicted at trial compared to both plea types analysed. In addition, evidence of concerning inequalities is found between Spanish nationals and foreigners. The findings indicate courtroom actors may be working conjointly to expedite the criminal process and we discuss the implications of this in relation to the fundamental principles of criminal justice systems, such as proportionality, equality and the presumption of innocence.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47495976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3