Maxime Prost, Anthony Piermattéo, Grégory Lo Monaco
{"title":"Social Representations, Social Identity, and Representational Imputation","authors":"Maxime Prost, Anthony Piermattéo, Grégory Lo Monaco","doi":"10.1027/1016-9040/a000489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000489","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Social representations can be considered as sets of knowledge, beliefs, or opinions shared by members of a group regarding social objects such as general topics (e.g., vaccination), tangible objects (e.g., electric cars), or even social groups (e.g., migrants). While social representations of different social groups have been explored in several studies, almost none focus on the representations we are likely to attribute to these groups in relation to given social objects. In other words: “how do we represent how others are perceiving something?” The aim of this contribution is then to present and discuss the concepts of representational imputation and divergence, these concepts referring respectively to the fact of attributing a certain representation of a given object to others and to the perceived discrepancy between this representation and our own. As representational imputation and divergence are related to the social identity theory as well as the social representations theory, after a presentation of the literature connecting these two fields, we will present these concepts and the research perspectives opened by this theoretical proposition.","PeriodicalId":51443,"journal":{"name":"European Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49213185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Jylhä, Samantha K. Stanley, M. Ojala, E. J. R. Clarke
{"title":"Science Denial","authors":"K. Jylhä, Samantha K. Stanley, M. Ojala, E. J. R. Clarke","doi":"10.1027/1016-9040/a000487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000487","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Science denial has adverse consequences at individual and societal levels and even for the future of our planet. The present article aimed to answer the question: What leads people to deny even the strongest evidence and distrust the scientific method? The article provides a narrative review of research on the underpinnings of science denial, with the main focus on climate change denial. Perspectives that are commonly studied separately are integrated. We review key findings on the roles of disinformation and basic cognitive processes, motivated reasoning (focusing on ideology and populism), and emotion regulation in potentially shaping (or not shaping) views on science and scientific topics. We also include research on youth, a group in an important transition phase in life that is the future decision-makers but less commonly focused on in the research field. In sum, we describe how the manifestations of denial can stem from cognitive biases, motivating efforts to find seemingly rational support for desirable conclusions, or attempts to regulate emotions when feeling threatened or powerless. To foster future research agendas and mindful applications of the results, we identify some research gaps (most importantly related to cross-cultural considerations) and examine the unique features or science denial as an object of psychological research. Based on the review, we make recommendations on measurement, science communication, and education.","PeriodicalId":51443,"journal":{"name":"European Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49412070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rodrigo Costa, Marisalva Fávero, D. Moreira, Amaia Del Campo, Valéria Sousa-Gomes
{"title":"Dark Tetrad, Acceptance of Sexual Violence, and Sexism","authors":"Rodrigo Costa, Marisalva Fávero, D. Moreira, Amaia Del Campo, Valéria Sousa-Gomes","doi":"10.1027/1016-9040/a000485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000485","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Dark Tetrad is a cluster of four “dark” personality traits which are socially aversive, with distinct conceptual roots, but which are intercorrelated: narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and sadism. Narcissism is associated with inflated self-esteem and feelings of grandiosity; psychopathy involves reduced empathy and a lack of remorse or guilt; Machiavellianism is characterized by a tendency for manipulation for own personal benefit; sadism involves feelings of pleasure with the pain or suffering of others. Sexism is the group of beliefs linked with the perceived superiority of men over women. Previous studies have found relationships between the Dark Tetrad and the tolerance of the use of sexual violence and between the former and sexism. Furthermore, sexism has been linked with the acceptance of sexual violence. This study aims to revise the literature exploring the link between each of the components of the Dark Tetrad and the legitimation of the use of sexual violence; it also aims to present the associations that have been found between the aforementioned variables and sexism and related concepts, in multiple studies. Based on the previous literature, suggestions for aims of future research in this field (i.e., Dark Tetrad, sexual violence, sexism) are made, more specifically exploring the relative effect of each of the components of the Dark Tetrad in the explanation of the legitimation of sexual violence, as well as exploring a possible, at least partial, mediation of sexism in the link between each of the “dark” traits and the acceptance of sexual violence.","PeriodicalId":51443,"journal":{"name":"European Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43478256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Marques-Costa, M. Simões, P. Almiro, G. Prieto, Maria Salomé Pinho
{"title":"Integrating Technology in Neuropsychological Assessment","authors":"C. Marques-Costa, M. Simões, P. Almiro, G. Prieto, Maria Salomé Pinho","doi":"10.1027/1016-9040/a000484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000484","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Although neuropsychological assessments include some measures that are administered, scored, or interpreted using new technologies, most researchers in this area advocate that more technology should be integrated. The current situation in neuropsychological assessment may be conceptualized as triggering a crisis leading to a paradigm shift, as there is some resistance to adopting more technology. In this paper, the context of the present crisis in neuropsychological assessment, the main obstacles, and new developments will be discussed. An example of a new computerized assessment tool, the NIH Toolbox, is highlighted. Also addressed are potential issues: in the assessment with tablets illustrating it with the older adult population and how to ensure the compatibility of data collected through these devices within the framework of the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Recommendations for research, test development, and clinical practice are also provided.","PeriodicalId":51443,"journal":{"name":"European Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45609291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic Assessment of Creativity for Diagnostic Purposes","authors":"Dimitrios Zbainos, Charis Sagia","doi":"10.1027/1016-9040/a000476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000476","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The present paper aims to propose the dynamic assessment of creativity for diagnostic purposes, which combines the sociocultural approach to creativity with the findings of creative cognition research. A traditional theorization viewed creativity mainly as an ability of individuals and its expression depending on the extent to which their environment allows and supports it. According to the individualistic approach of creativity, static testing has been its predominant psychological assessment. However, the traditional approach to creativity has been criticized from a sociocultural theoretical perspective that regards creativity as distributed cognition between the mind and culture in recent years. Based on sociocultural theory, dynamic assessment of creativity is an alternative process to static testing for assessing creative potential. Besides testing, in dynamic assessment, the cognitive strategies of creativity that creative cognition research has revealed are mediated in children as symbolic tools or signs. Therefore, in dynamic assessment, sociocultural theory is combined with creative cognition. In the present paper, initially, we present the relevant theory and research on dynamic assessment and creative cognition. Next, studies applying dynamic assessment to children of different ages and devising the mediation protocol will be discussed. Finally, we will consider the psychological and educational implications of dynamic assessment of children’s creativity.","PeriodicalId":51443,"journal":{"name":"European Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41248048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Rominger, A. Schwerdtfeger, M. Benedek, C. Perchtold-Stefan, A. Fink
{"title":"Ecological Momentary Assessment of Creative Ideation","authors":"C. Rominger, A. Schwerdtfeger, M. Benedek, C. Perchtold-Stefan, A. Fink","doi":"10.1027/1016-9040/a000471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000471","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Creative ideas in daily life show substantial variation in quality. Yet, most studies investigate the creative ideation process in highly controlled laboratory contexts, which challenges the ecological validity of creativity research findings. In this article, we advocate the use of ambulatory assessments of creative ideation to gain deeper insight into the variability of ideation processes (between- and within-subjects) in everyday life. We demonstrate this approach by the example of the ambulatory battery of creativity (ABC), which constitutes a reliable and valid approach to assess divergent thinking ability in the verbal and figural domain in everyday life context. Furthermore, it differentiates between-person and within-person variation of creative ideation performance. The first part of this paper will shortly describe the general approach using ABC as an example. In the second part, we use the 7 C’s heuristic to explore applications and implications of this novel method for creativity research. We focus on four C’s with special relevance for ambulatory assessment: Creator, Creating, Context, and Curricula. To this end, we review the findings of strongly controlled laboratory studies and discuss and illustrate applications of the ambulatory assessment. We conclude that the assessment of creative ideation performance in the field might help move the spotlight of creative ideation research from the laboratory to more naturalistic settings. This would increase the ecological validity of creative ideation research and facilitate fresh or unprecedented perspectives on past and future questions on a person’s creative potential and its moment-to-moment fluctuation.","PeriodicalId":51443,"journal":{"name":"European Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45916189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Connected Creativity","authors":"C. Martin, Paul T. Sowden, Frances Warren","doi":"10.1027/1016-9040/a000472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000472","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. With more than 60% of the world’s population online, how does our rapidly evolving digital world impact creative processes and outcomes? On the one hand, there is the promise of the shared knowledge and ideas of humanity, readily available at our fingertips, providing numerous starting points from which to develop new ideas. On the other hand, we may be overwhelmed by the volume of information, struggle to find and identify quality information to form the basis of a creative thinking process, and instead fall back on common, accepted ideas. Throughout this article, we place creators and creating in the ubiquitous situated context of searching the World Wide Web (i.e., the Web) and consider the implications for a range of everyday creative thinking processes. Research in this area is surprisingly limited, and a number of suggestions are made to take this area forward as the Web becomes an ever-expanding part of our cognitive ecology.","PeriodicalId":51443,"journal":{"name":"European Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42126308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creativity and Interdisciplinarity","authors":"F. Darbellay","doi":"10.1027/1016-9040/a000482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000482","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. While creativity is increasingly being promoted in educational, economic, social, and cultural discourse as a 21st-century skill, there is still plenty of room for progress in actual practices in these different areas where conformism and standardization remain traditionally important. In order to understand the issues of creativity, including its potentialities and resistance to its acceptance, this article addresses the creative process in all its multidimensional complexity. The field of Creativity studies strongly favors the psychological approach to tackle its complexity, but it also opens up to a fertile dialog with a range of other viewpoints, such as sociological, anthropological, cultural, economic, and so forth. This contribution looks at Creativity studies from an interdisciplinary perspective. Based on epistemological advances in the field of inter- and transdisciplinary studies, creativity is viewed as a complex subject of study across several disciplines. To complement this approach, interdisciplinary work is itself conceived as a creative process that acts between and beyond disciplinary boundaries. The interface between interdisciplinarity and creativity is also considered in conclusion from the angle of the specific characteristics and skills shared by people who implement creative interdisciplinary activities.","PeriodicalId":51443,"journal":{"name":"European Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42068463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Bourgeois-Bougrine, N. Bonnardel, Jean-Marie Burkhardt, Branden Thornhill-Miller, F. Pahlavan, S. Buisine, Jérôme Guegan, N. Pichot, T. Lubart
{"title":"Immersive Virtual Environments’ Impact on Individual and Collective Creativity","authors":"S. Bourgeois-Bougrine, N. Bonnardel, Jean-Marie Burkhardt, Branden Thornhill-Miller, F. Pahlavan, S. Buisine, Jérôme Guegan, N. Pichot, T. Lubart","doi":"10.1027/1016-9040/a000481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000481","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This paper explores the recent advances in research concerning the impact of immersive virtual environments affordances on the expression of users’ creativity at individual and team levels. While the top virtual reality (VR) application areas are entertainment and gaming, simulation and training for professionals, research in the domain of the psychology of creativity and VR is advancing rapidly in Europe. Indeed, between 2014 and 2021, 72% of publications in this domain resulted from European research in diverse fields such as engineering, design, music composition, art-making, and so forth. These studies took advantage of advanced VR affordances, such as head and hand motion trackers to synchronize an avatar in real-time, live streaming of a video into a VR headset screen to create artwork, etc. Four main topics were explored: (a) new creativity techniques involving a virtual upgrade of traditionally used techniques, virtual sketching and prototyping, as well as sophisticated interactive virtual menus and motion tracking systems, (b) the right digital self-representation for enhancing creativity and the degree to which users identify with the “persona avatar” in the context of user-centered innovations, (c) the impact of physical and social virtual contextual cues on creative performance, and (d) the perception of virtual reality by creativity and innovation professionals. Our review confirms that VR supports greater creative performance at individual and collaborative levels as well as enjoyment and fun. However, as rich and varied as this literature has become, it presents major methodological limitations that should be addressed in future research.","PeriodicalId":51443,"journal":{"name":"European Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44766714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
