{"title":"The review and development of professional standards through the lens of Democratic Anchorage points","authors":"Charlaine Simpson, Anna Beck, Louise Campbell","doi":"10.1002/berj.4090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The recent review of the Scottish professional standards for teachers, led by the General Teaching Council for Scotland, offered a unique perspective to interrogate participative approaches in policy-making in the Scottish education context and to provide insights and implications for future policy-making. Using one of the authors’ experiences as a General Teaching Council Scotland Officer during the review of the professional standards, this paper conceptualises the consultation process as a form of democratic governance, using Sørensen and Torfing's framing of the four anchorage points that enable democratic legitimacy in governance networks. This perspective places policy-making within a governance structure that is created by networks that interact, overlap and are entangled with each other, implying a decentralised form of governance. An analysis of the stages of the review process demonstrated that it was participatory. However, there was an over-reliance on the established policy-making community. In addition, authentic participation was restricted as choices were limited by the metagovernor. We argue that Sørensen and Torfing's anchorage points for democratic legitimacy allow an interrogation of the extent to which policy-making in Scottish education is authentically democratic and conclude by offering a framework of critical questions for more transparent democratic participation in future iterations of similar professional standards reviews.</p>","PeriodicalId":51410,"journal":{"name":"British Educational Research Journal","volume":"51 2","pages":"572-591"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/berj.4090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oscar Espinoza, Luis Sandoval, Bruno Corradi, Noel McGinn, Yahira Larrondo, Karina Maldonado
{"title":"The effects of free tuition policy on university academic performance in Chile","authors":"Oscar Espinoza, Luis Sandoval, Bruno Corradi, Noel McGinn, Yahira Larrondo, Karina Maldonado","doi":"10.1002/berj.4094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4094","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2016 Chile initiated a policy of free tuition for students from families in the lower half of the income distribution to improve access to and completion of higher education. The empirical effectiveness of the policy has not yet been completely demonstrated. This study analysed the difference in levels of academic performance of students enrolled in 12 Chilean universities with and without free tuition. The study used a regression discontinuity design with a running discrete variable locally randomised. The results show that the academic performance of students receiving free tuition was equivalent to that of students paying the full cost. There was no difference in the course pass rate of those with or without free tuition. Over time the effects of the policy could reduce inequality in the professional labour market. In addition, the study suggests that there may be complementary practices that further improve university student achievement and completion rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":51410,"journal":{"name":"British Educational Research Journal","volume":"51 2","pages":"592-606"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pursuing systemic improvement through heterarchical school systems: A case of educational resources","authors":"Catherine Gripton, Andrew Noyes","doi":"10.1002/berj.4093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4093","url":null,"abstract":"<p>England's schooling landscape is being remodelled and the move from hierarchical to heterarchical modes of governance has implications for systemic change strategies. Balancing local and networked autonomy with centralising policies complexifies choices for schools, creating tensions that this article explores through the context of curriculum resourcing policies. In particular, we consider the contemporary case of mathematics textbook schemes in England's heterarchical school system, comparing them with an earlier resource-driven systemic change programme—the National Numeracy Strategy—which was implemented in a more hierarchical governance system. Drawing on key ideas from implementation science and data from a Wellcome-funded study of primary teacher professional learning in mathematics in England, we exemplify the challenges of implementing centralised improvement policies in a nominally schools-led, self-improving, heterarchical education system. Each of the 19 participating schools had evolved a bespoke curriculum, and these hybridised ‘mashups’ of different resources were enacted with varying degrees of fidelity by teachers. We discuss the implications of this comparative case for systemic improvement, both in the use of educational resources and for policy implementation more generally.</p>","PeriodicalId":51410,"journal":{"name":"British Educational Research Journal","volume":"51 2","pages":"554-571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/berj.4093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of digital capital for social inclusion in educational context","authors":"Ida Cortoni","doi":"10.1002/berj.4087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4087","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper focuses on one of the aspects most investigated and monitored in recent years by the Digital Economy and Society Index on the digitisation process in Europe—human capital, with an in-depth focus on primary school teachers. Human capital is one dimension underlying school digital capital, closely related to integrating digital into daily practices. Starting from this framework, the paper will present the results of a survey on the digital competencies of teachers from five European countries (Italy, Spain, Lithuania, Romania and Poland), carried out in the framework of the European project Erasmus+ CAVE (Communication and Visual Education in homeschooling). This survey is preparatory to a training intervention and didactic experimentation on digital education, foreseen in the project, and used as a theoretical framework of reference for the DigCompEdu survey, promoted by the European Commission. The teachers' profiles, as the output of the research, will be able to give stakeholders a picture of the investment of schools and teachers, in terms of the application of digital competencies on different educational processes: classroom teaching, assessment, professional training, preparation of teaching materials for the lesson and the implementation of competencies, including digital ones, of students.</p>","PeriodicalId":51410,"journal":{"name":"British Educational Research Journal","volume":"51 2","pages":"533-553"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/berj.4087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coached habitus: Mapping the role of shadow education in shaping students' educational trajectories","authors":"Achala Gupta","doi":"10.1002/berj.4085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4085","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Studies have shown how family (typically parents) and formal institutions (specifically schools and universities) shape individuals' dispositions—or <i>habitus</i>. However, other sites of academic socialisation, such as tutoring centres and coaching institutions (collectively forming a shadow education system), are seldom scrutinised for their role in this process. To address this gap in scholarship, this paper draws on interviews with 30 Indian students who narrated their experiences of shadow education in its diversified form, from schooling and higher education to moving to the United Kingdom for advanced education. The discussion of the research findings unveils how shadow education experiences impact students' (academic) dispositions throughout their scholastic lifespan, thus aiding in nurturing <i>academic selves</i> (in early schooling years), cultivating <i>competitive selves</i> (during the transition to university), harnessing <i>enterprising selves</i> (when transitioning within and from university education) and developing <i>transnational selves</i> (as students prepare for international mobility). A synthesis of these empirical realities culminates in introducing a new concept of <i>coached habitus</i> that accounts for the role of shadow education in orchestrating the practices by which students may inculcate specific values, beliefs and habits aiming to prepare them to navigate increasingly competitive educational <i>fields</i> throughout their academic trajectories successfully. The paper argues that shadow education is a key site for <i>habitus</i> formation, particularly in contexts such as India and other Asian countries where non-formal education is inextricably entwined with everyday schooling experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":51410,"journal":{"name":"British Educational Research Journal","volume":"51 2","pages":"514-532"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/berj.4085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors affecting generative artificial intelligence, such as ChatGPT, use in higher education: An application of technology acceptance model","authors":"Muhammad Farrukh Shahzad, Shuo Xu, Muhammad Asif","doi":"10.1002/berj.4084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The adoption of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) tools, such as ChatGPT, in higher education presents numerous opportunities and challenges. The use of GAI technologies in various fields, including education, has accelerated as technology develops. The widely used language model ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, has become progressively more important, especially in the field of education. This study employs the technology acceptance model to investigate the factors influencing the employment of ChatGPT within the higher education sector of Pakistan. This study employed the PLS-SEM method for probing data collected from 368 Pakistani university students. The findings indicate that ChatGPT trust positively mediates the affiliation between ChatGPT self-efficacy, ChatGPT actual use, ChatGPT use for information and ChatGPT use for interaction. Further, ChatGPT usefulness and ChatGPT ease of use significantly moderate the association between ChatGPT self-efficacy and ChatGPT trust. Educators must encourage students to use ChatGPT safely to preserve their critical thinking, problem-solving abilities and creativity during assessments. This study contributes to understanding generative AI tools such as ChatGPT that are used in educational settings and provides insights for administrators and policymakers aiming to implement these technologies effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":51410,"journal":{"name":"British Educational Research Journal","volume":"51 2","pages":"489-513"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cathryn Knight, Emily Lowthian, Tom Crick, Carys Jones, Anna Rawlings, Hoda Abbasizanjani, Sarah Rees
{"title":"Sociodemographic trends in special educational needs identification in Wales","authors":"Cathryn Knight, Emily Lowthian, Tom Crick, Carys Jones, Anna Rawlings, Hoda Abbasizanjani, Sarah Rees","doi":"10.1002/berj.4083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4083","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the context of an emerging new additional learning needs (ALN) system in Wales, this research explores who was likely to be identified with special educational needs (SEN) under the previous system. Our study reveals analysis of linked Welsh education and health data on SEN identification in learners in mainstream education settings born between 2002/3 and 2008/9. Using longitudinal multilevel modelling, we explore (i) who is likely identified with SEN and (ii) whether there is evidence of social patterning in SEN identification. We find that 48% of those born in the year 2002/3 were identified with SEN at some point during their schooling years. Furthermore, when controlling for health-related variables, those who are identified with SEN in Wales were more likely to be male, White, from a deprived background, with lower school attendance, had not experienced breastfeeding and were born later in the academic year. Taken together, the research findings suggest that SEN identification was influenced by a child's context. The study thus underscores the critical importance of examining the relationship between socioeconomic, environmental and biological factors in SEN identification, urging for a comprehensive and cross-organisation approach to enhance outcomes for learners with diverse needs. It also highlights the need for follow-up research to explore unfolding trends as the new ALN system in Wales becomes fully implemented and integrated over the coming years.</p>","PeriodicalId":51410,"journal":{"name":"British Educational Research Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"466-487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/berj.4083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of visual perception and executive functions on writing skills with learning disabilities: The case of Turkish-speaking children","authors":"Kumaş Özlem Altindağ, Dodur Halime Miray Sümer","doi":"10.1002/berj.4072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examined the effects of visual perception and executive function skills on the writing skills of Turkish students with learning disabilities and typically developing Turkish students. Given the unique features of the Turkish language, such as vowel harmony and articulatory structure, this research addresses a significant gap in understanding how these factors influence writing abilities in this population. The study employed a comparative design involving students with learning disabilities and typically developing students and analysed their writing errors, executive function and visual perception levels. Significant differences were found between the two groups, with students with learning disabilities performing worse across all the measures. Correlation analysis indicated significant relationships between writing errors and visual perception, working memory and executive functioning. Multiple regression analysis further revealed that these cognitive factors were crucial predictors of writing skills. These findings underscore the importance of considering visual perception and executive functions when formulating and implementing writing instruction strategies for Turkish students with learning disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51410,"journal":{"name":"British Educational Research Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"444-465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/berj.4072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"One way or another: An optimal matching analysis of students' educational pathways and the impact of socioeconomic background and engagement","authors":"Isis Vandelannote, Jannick Demanet","doi":"10.1002/berj.4077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4077","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding social disparities in educational attainment requires understanding of students' decision-making throughout their educational career. We focused on students' pathways throughout upper secondary and higher education (HE), identified common types of pathways and studied the role of SES as a determinant of students' pathways. Additionally, we researched the role of engagement for overcoming socioeconomic disadvantages in students' educational decision-making. Using data from 965 Flemish students, optimal matching analyses identified seven distinct pathways throughout upper secondary and HE. While pathways largely mirrored the tracked structure of the Flemish educational system, there was considerable within-track heterogeneity. Multinomial regression analyses demonstrated that even among the academic track students, socioeconomic background affected programme choice and long-term academic success. Less engaged students were less likely to follow university pathways. Moreover, higher cognitive engagement decreased disadvantaged students' chances of ending up in typical vocational pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":51410,"journal":{"name":"British Educational Research Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"416-443"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An analysis of attainment grouping policy in Singapore","authors":"Charlene Tan","doi":"10.1002/berj.4080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4080","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper extends the scholarship on attainment grouping by focusing on the policy initiatives of streaming and subject-based banding (SBB) in Singapore. The study is framed by the concept of pragmatic perfectionism, which refers to the continuous and ideals-oriented drive to improve a system through practical, incremental and paradoxical measures. It is argued that SBB is aligned with setting by giving students the flexibility and choice to study different subjects at varying levels. Mixed-attainment grouping is also evident, where students are grouped in mixed-form classes for selected subjects. However, SBB may have inadvertently maintained between-school segregation for elite and non-elite schools by supporting the existing policy of school posting based on students' exam scores. This paper contributes to the diverse formulations, adaptations and justifications surrounding attainment grouping. The study also illustrates the usefulness of pragmatic perfectionism in foregrounding the potential and tensions in educational policymaking.</p>","PeriodicalId":51410,"journal":{"name":"British Educational Research Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"394-415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}