Family Process最新文献

{"title":"Demographic Characteristics and Parenthood Across Three Cohorts of Sexual Minority Adults","authors":"Kay A. Simon,&nbsp;Gaëlle Meslay,&nbsp;Rachel H. Farr,&nbsp;Stephen T. Russell","doi":"10.1111/famp.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As measurement of sexual minority (SM) people's demographic characteristics has evolved over time, it is of interest to understand how identity intersections within SM communities, such as SM parents, have also changed. The current study aimed to investigate how SM parents may or may not differ in demographic characteristics from SM childfree adults and how the demographic characteristics of SM parents may differ across three cohorts. Participants could be part of one of three age cohorts, with each cohort reflecting distinct historic or cultural events related to LGBTQ+ people's experiences. We used data from a national probability study of 1502 SM adults conducted between 2016 and 2017 to compare demographic characteristics by parent and cohort status. SM parents (<i>n</i> = 297) and childfree adults differed in sexual and gender identity, relationship status, educational attainment, urbanicity, and poverty status. There were differences among SM parents based on cohort status in sexual and gender identity, partner status (and gender of the partner), educational attainment, poverty status, and urbanicity. However, there were no differences based on racial/ethnic identity or geographic region among SM parents. This work contributes to the ongoing literature on SM parent families by providing a view of the ways in which SM parents have, and have not, changed demographically over time in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":51396,"journal":{"name":"Family Process","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/famp.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental Emotional Expressiveness Affects Primary School Children's Depression: Indirect Pathway via Parent–Child Dyadic Subsystem","authors":"Peizhong Wang,&nbsp;Lu Qiao,&nbsp;Zijin Zhang,&nbsp;Qinglu Wu,&nbsp;Chunyan Yang,&nbsp;Xiuyun Lin","doi":"10.1111/famp.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Depression, in recent decades, has shown a clear trend to occur at a younger age, emerging as a prevalent mental health concern among primary school children. According to family system theory and social-ecological principles, parent individual factors, as distal factors, are able to influence the depression of child individual through the proximal factor of parent–child dyadic interaction. Within this integrated theory framework, this study aimed to utilize the principle of the actor–partner independence model to investigate the indirect pathway from paternal and maternal positive/negative emotional expressiveness to primary school children's depression via father–child and mother–child closeness/conflict. The study comprised 403 Chinese families, assessed at two separate time points with a 6-month interval. Our results showed that both paternal and maternal positive emotional expressiveness indirectly predicted children's depression through their own conflict with their child, while both parental negative emotional expressiveness indirectly predicted the children's depression through mother–child conflict. This study elucidated two pathways of (a) family distal factors to proximal factors, and subsequently to the child; (b) parent individual factors to the parent–child dyadic interaction, and subsequently to the child individual factors within the family system. Our findings suggest that regulating parental emotional expressiveness and fostering good parent–child relationships represent potential effective strategies for preventing primary school children's depression.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51396,"journal":{"name":"Family Process","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning in to Kids Together: Piloting an Emotion-Focused Coparenting Program","authors":"Christina C. Ambrosi,&nbsp;Phillip S. Kavanagh,&nbsp;Subhadra Evans,&nbsp;Sophie S. Havighurst","doi":"10.1111/famp.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Group parenting programs, including emotion-focused programs, are effective at improving children's emotional and behavioral adjustment; however, the impact of these programs may be limited due to parents, typically mothers, attending sessions alone. It is expected that actively involving both caregivers in parenting programs will lead to superior outcomes given family systems are interconnected and when parents feel more supported by one another, they are more likely to have greater emotional availability for their children. Tuning in to Kids Together (TIK-Together) was developed to involve both caregivers and address the coparenting relationship. The current study examined the feasibility and pilot testing of TIK-Together when delivered in a real-world context, specifically assessing program adherence, reliability of measures, and program outcomes. TIK-Together was delivered to 57 participants (27 mother–father dyads, 1 triad) by community services in Australia in an intervention-only design. Facilitators completed attendance sheets and fidelity checklists after each session, and parents completed online questionnaires at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up. Adherence across services varied; however, parent attendance and the proportion of content delivered was high. The measures used to assess coparent outcomes demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency in the current sample. After attending the program, parents reported increased supportive/cooperative coparenting of children's emotions, greater dyadic coping, improved emotion coaching beliefs and practices, reduced undermining coparenting of children's emotions, lower emotion dismissing beliefs and practices, and less parent emotion dysregulation. Mothers and fathers reported improved child emotion regulation and decreased behavioral difficulties. The findings are consistent with prior TIK research and pave the way for future research exploring the benefits of integrating coparenting content into this parenting intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":51396,"journal":{"name":"Family Process","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/famp.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Environment: Protective but Reactive Associations With Cumulative Stress and Arrest Following Multisystemic Therapy","authors":"Yejin Lee,&nbsp;Hannah Skiest,&nbsp;Kevin Wiley,&nbsp;Kimberly O. Collamore,&nbsp;Phillippe B. Cunningham,&nbsp;Stacy R. Ryan-Pettes","doi":"10.1111/famp.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multisystemic Therapy (MST) is an evidence- and family-based treatment for youth with serious aggressive and delinquent behavior. Despite randomized controlled trials demonstrating short- and long-term effectiveness of MST, arrest is still a concern for many youths who complete treatment. Prior studies examined risk factors for arrest after MST treatment but accounted for risk at pre-treatment rather than over the course of treatment and failed to consider the combined impact of risk and protective factors by the end of treatment on long-term outcomes. Models of resilience suggest that when faced with cumulative stress, the effects of family could serve as a protective factor that promotes either stabilizing, enhancing, or reactive effects. As such, the current study examined family environment (i.e., cohesion and flexibility) at the end of treatment as a moderator of relations between cumulative stress by the end of treatment and the likelihood of arrest at follow-up. Results demonstrated that high family cohesion and flexibility served as protective factors by decreasing the likelihood of arrest when cumulative stress was low; however, these effects faded as cumulative stress increased. These results suggest the protective effects of known targets of MST (i.e., family cohesion and flexibility) do not buffer against post-treatment arrest for all youth in treatment. Treatment targeting family cohesion and flexibility is less likely to be effective in preventing arrest for youth that continue accumulating stressful life events during treatment. Results of this study suggest that MST treatment should be further tailored to account for these families.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51396,"journal":{"name":"Family Process","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Local Aspects for a Culturally and Contextually Adapted Family Therapy Training in Cambodia","authors":"Bernhild Pfautsch,&nbsp;Matthias Ochs,&nbsp;Bouyheak Lim,&nbsp;Celia Jaes Falicov","doi":"10.1111/famp.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The goal of this study was to further local knowledge production and the ground-up cultural and contextual competencies needed for family therapy training and practice in Cambodia. First, expert interviews were conducted with Cambodian and international mental health professionals with several years of professional experience in Cambodia (<i>N</i> = 25; 72% Cambodian, 52% female). Current characteristics of Cambodian family life and related problems were identified, as well as aspects of the current reality of mental health services in this Southeast Asian nation, which continue to be counted among the low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs). Second, in a group discussion with four Cambodian trainer experts in family therapy, the cultural and contextual competencies to be developed in the training of Cambodian family therapists were identified. The competencies for incorporating religious beliefs, respecting hierarchical family structures/expressing respect, and competencies for dealing with the cultural imperative of silence/face-saving appear to be significant. For the trainees, it is precisely here that areas of tension were described—triggered by collusion of their own value systems with those implicit in Western concepts. These moments of alienation should be carefully registered for reflection. The experience of dissonance in relation to certain content and procedures points precisely to the need for adaptation by local experts for the development of culturally appropriate curricula.</p>","PeriodicalId":51396,"journal":{"name":"Family Process","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/famp.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conflict and Father Involvement: The Unique Role of Postpartum Destructiveness for Fathers' Direct Care in Toddlerhood","authors":"Samantha A. Murray-Perdue,&nbsp;Stephanie Rayburn,&nbsp;Lijuan Wang,&nbsp;E. Mark Cummings,&nbsp;Julia M. Braungart-Rieker","doi":"10.1111/famp.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Father involvement in childcare is associated with positive outcomes for children. Growing evidence supports many predictors of fathers' involvement, including maternal gatekeeping and father characteristics. The present study focuses on fathers' postpartum experiences, exploring parallel insights from environmental, interpersonal, and internal factors after having a baby to predict later involvement. We investigated how early household chaos, couple conflict, and father depressive symptoms in infancy predict later direct involvement in toddler care. The current study utilized data from 202 families participating in a parenting intervention program. We longitudinally assessed father reports of household chaos and their depressive symptoms, and employed an observational measure of conflict, at 6, 12, and 18 months postpartum to predict mother and father reports of father direct contributions to childcare at 18 months. Latent variables were created for household chaos, depressive symptoms, and destructiveness to incorporate reports 6 months apart. A structural equation model indicated father appraisals of household chaos were positively associated with depressive symptoms over time. Furthermore, couple destructiveness was negatively predictive of mothers' reports, but not fathers' reports of father direct care at 18 months after controlling for direct care behavior within 6 months postpartum. These results suggest that although father appraisals of his environment likely relate to his mental health, couple functioning played a greater role over time in <i>direct</i> care. We emphasize including fathers' appraisals of their experience in future research and underscore the potential impact of intervening at the couple level postpartum to support fathers' direct involvement in childcare over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":51396,"journal":{"name":"Family Process","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/famp.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of Relationship Education for Improving Children's Outcomes: A Multi-Informant, Multi-Method Study","authors":"Jeremy B. Kanter,&nbsp;Daniel G. Lannin,&nbsp;H. Cailyn Ratliff,&nbsp;Amy J. Rauer,&nbsp;Susan Sprecher,&nbsp;Brian G. Ogolsky,&nbsp;Ani Yazedjian","doi":"10.1111/famp.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although relationship education (RE) programs aim to improve parents' communication with one another with the hope that it will enhance children's mental health, few studies have investigated if such spillover actually occurs. Therefore, drawing from a sample of 431 families from the Supporting Healthy Marriage Project, the present study examined the relations between parental participation in a RE program and children's subsequent distress, as well as mechanisms that may explain these effects. Using a multi-informant (focal child and parents) and multi-method (self-report and observational assessments) longitudinal design, the current study examined whether randomization into RE programming predicted children's exposure and emotional reactivity to interparental conflict and if decreases in parents' negative communication mediated these effects. Results based on mothers' reports indicated that when parents received RE, children's exposure to conflict decreased. However, these findings were not corroborated by fathers or children. There were also no differences in children's emotional reactivity across conditions, and observable communication did not mediate the relation between randomization into RE and children's outcomes. Together, there was minimal evidence for the efficacy of RE on children's functioning. Results underscore the importance of evaluating multiple family members' perspectives and highlight the need for future work to consider these pathways in samples experiencing greater distress.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51396,"journal":{"name":"Family Process","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of a Brief Session-Level Process Measure for Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy","authors":"Shanny Biran Talmor,&nbsp;Ben Shahar,&nbsp;David A. Sbarra,&nbsp;Eran Bar-Kalifa","doi":"10.1111/famp.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Emotion-focused therapy for couples (EFT-C) has a strong tradition of delineating mechanisms of change. These change processes are typically examined using labor-intensive observational methods, which may not be practical for clinicians or researchers who aim to routinely monitor changes in therapy processes as they unfold across therapy sessions. The current study describes the <i>EFT-C Process Measure</i> (ECPM), a short, easily administered, eight-item questionnaire that can complement more traditional observational methods. The ECPM uses a systemic framework (assessing one's experience as well as one's perception of the partner's experience) and can be administered at the end of each session to capture the key processes of change in EFT-C (cycle understanding, accessing vulnerability, sharing vulnerabilities, responsive expression). We used data from 1033 session reports obtained from 44 couples receiving EFT-C to examine the validity of this measure. The results indicated that the ECPM evidenced convergent and discriminant validity (it was associated with reports of the therapeutic alliance), criterion validity (it was associated with reports of session evaluation and relationship satisfaction), and incremental validity for its systemic framework. Additionally, the ECPM proved sensitive in tracking change processes from session to session and capturing the expected increase in process engagement throughout the course of therapy. Although a complete validation of this tool requires a larger sample, the ECPM may be used by researchers and clinicians to obtain insights into the change process in EFT-C.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51396,"journal":{"name":"Family Process","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143186333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Relationship Skills and Parenting Stress Among Vulnerable Couples Participating in Couple Relationship Education Before Versus During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Avery R. Campbell,&nbsp;Ted G. Futris,&nbsp;Evin W. Richardson,&nbsp;Abigail Scott Gilbert","doi":"10.1111/famp.13099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.13099","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic marked sudden changes for many parenting couples that heightened levels of parenting stress. A strong couple relationship can serve as a protective buffer against parenting stress, especially during acute stress resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Couple relationship education (CRE) teaches couple relationship skills (CRS) that can promote positive couple functioning and, in turn, lower levels of parenting stress. Guided by the Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation model and the spillover hypothesis, multigroup latent growth curve modeling (LGCM) was used to compare trajectories of change in CRS and parenting stress for 859 parents receiving child welfare services who attended CRE programming prior to the COVID-19 pandemic versus 144 parents who attended CRE during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although both samples reported significant positive change in CRS, only the pre-COVID sample showed significant declines in parenting stress over time. Additionally, findings showed a significant association between increases in CRS and a decrease in parenting stress in the pre-COVID sample only. These findings suggest that couples who attend CRE may experience benefits in their couple relationship that spillover to their roles as parents. However, the association between positive changes in CRS and decreases in parenting stress may not be as strong when parents are experiencing an acute stressor (i.e., pandemic-related stressors).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51396,"journal":{"name":"Family Process","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143186334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining Parental Dynamics: Exploring Mental Health, Happiness, and Positive Parenting Practices","authors":"Theodoros Kyriazos,&nbsp;Mary Poga","doi":"10.1111/famp.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated how mental health, subjective happiness, and positive parenting interrelate among 489 Greek parents (76% mothers, 20% fathers) of children aged 7–13 years. We aimed to clarify whether these constructs converge strongly or remain relatively compartmentalized. Using a network analytic framework, we first estimated a graphical LASSO partial correlation network (38 nodes) and found 257 nonzero edges out of 703 possible (37% connectivity). The mean edge weight was 0.024, and centrality metrics were robust (Correlation Stability &gt; 0.59 at <i>r</i> = 0.70). We then constructed a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) via Bayesian network modeling (1000 bootstrap samples, edge retention ≥ 85%) to infer directional paths. Mental health items (MHC–SF) correlated strongly within their domain (partial correlations up to <i>r</i> = 0.50), as did subjective happiness items (SHS) and positive parenting items (NPP). However, cross-domain links were notably weaker, with partial correlations between NPP items and mental health or happiness rarely exceeding <i>r</i> = 0.20. One bridging link emerged from MH_11 (“warm and trusting relationships”) to N_16 (“good relationship with extended family”), <i>r</i> = 0.23, highlighting only a modest cross-construct relationship. The DAG similarly showed that mental health variables exerted moderate directional influence on happiness but minimal influence on parenting nodes. Contrary to assumptions of broad reciprocity, these constructs operated in largely discrete clusters. Interventions should thus treat parental well-being and parenting skills as partially distinct targets, emphasizing more tailored, context-sensitive strategies for Greek families.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51396,"journal":{"name":"Family Process","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}