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Optimal parental leave subsidization with endogenous fertility and growth 考虑内生生育和生长的最优育婴假补贴
IF 1.8 4区 经济学
Economic Inquiry Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1111/ecin.13165
Siew Ling Yew, Shuyun May Li, Solmaz Moslehi
{"title":"Optimal parental leave subsidization with endogenous fertility and growth","authors":"Siew Ling Yew,&nbsp;Shuyun May Li,&nbsp;Solmaz Moslehi","doi":"10.1111/ecin.13165","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecin.13165","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We examine the growth and welfare effects of parental leave subsidization in a life-cycle dynastic model with human capital externality. Such externality causes higher fertility, less parental time and expenditure on child human capital, and lower growth and welfare than the efficient levels. Efficient policies require subsidizing work leave, which includes parental leave, and labor income financed by a lump-sum tax. Calibration based on the U.S. data implies that a fully-covered leave duration of 7.8 weeks per parent financed by an increase in labor income tax would increase the annual growth rate by 0.06 percentage points and welfare by 0.027%.</p>","PeriodicalId":51380,"journal":{"name":"Economic Inquiry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ecin.13165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45478114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Government-led e-commerce expansion project and rural household income: Evidence and mechanisms 政府主导的电子商务拓展项目与农户收入:证据与机制
IF 1.8 4区 经济学
Economic Inquiry Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1111/ecin.13167
Shiyi Chen, Wanlin Liu, Hong Song, Qing Zhang
{"title":"Government-led e-commerce expansion project and rural household income: Evidence and mechanisms","authors":"Shiyi Chen,&nbsp;Wanlin Liu,&nbsp;Hong Song,&nbsp;Qing Zhang","doi":"10.1111/ecin.13167","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecin.13167","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the impacts of a government-led e-commerce expansion project on household income. We find that the project has led to increases in rural household income. The positive impacts are more prominent for lower-income rural households. The income-increasing effects are driven by the reduction in information search costs and transportation costs. The provision of complementary interventions for e-commerce, such as promoting the internet-related skills of farmers and the expansion of formal financial credit support is also important for the program's success. The results provide policy implications for the design and implementation of government-led e-commerce policies in developing economies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51380,"journal":{"name":"Economic Inquiry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44386819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Cheating amongst youth offenders: How peers and their social status influence cheating 青少年罪犯的欺骗行为:同伴及其社会地位如何影响欺骗行为
IF 1.8 4区 经济学
Economic Inquiry Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1111/ecin.13168
Kaiwen Leong, Huailu Li, Sharon Xuejing Zuo
{"title":"Cheating amongst youth offenders: How peers and their social status influence cheating","authors":"Kaiwen Leong,&nbsp;Huailu Li,&nbsp;Sharon Xuejing Zuo","doi":"10.1111/ecin.13168","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecin.13168","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We conducted an experiment with 204 youth inmates to study how the intrinsic psychological cost of cheating that was shaped by peers changed inmates' cheating behavior. We find that innately dishonest inmates who naively revealed their higher willingness to cheat indeed cheated more in the actual game. When given the chance to observe an imperfect signal of whether a peer cheated, only innately dishonest inmates followed this signal and cheated more. This positive treatment effect increases with the saliency of the signal, and becomes more pronounced when the cheating signal is from an influential peer.</p>","PeriodicalId":51380,"journal":{"name":"Economic Inquiry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47270851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How certain are we about the role of uncertainty in the economy? 我们对不确定性在经济中的作用有多确定？
IF 1.8 4区 经济学
Economic Inquiry Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.1111/ecin.13166
Helmut Herwartz, Alexander Lange
{"title":"How certain are we about the role of uncertainty in the economy?","authors":"Helmut Herwartz,&nbsp;Alexander Lange","doi":"10.1111/ecin.13166","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecin.13166","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While causes and consequences of uncertainty in the US economy have attracted viable interest, the literature still lacks a consensus on several aspects. To name two matters of debate, it remains unclear whether uncertainty shocks are a source or the result of recessions and whether uncertainty shocks have adverse (or even stimulating) effects on the economy. We find that ambiguous results in these regards can be traced back to the selection of an appropriate identification strategy in structural vector autoregressive models. We find that both macroeconomic and financial uncertainty are exogenous to business cycle fluctuations and cause economic slowdowns.</p>","PeriodicalId":51380,"journal":{"name":"Economic Inquiry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ecin.13166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49420178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploration versus exploitation: A laboratory test of the single-agent exponential bandit model 探索与开发：单一代理指数强盗模型的实验室测试
IF 1.8 4区 经济学
Economic Inquiry Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.1111/ecin.13164
Stanton Hudja, Daniel Woods
{"title":"Exploration versus exploitation: A laboratory test of the single-agent exponential bandit model","authors":"Stanton Hudja,&nbsp;Daniel Woods","doi":"10.1111/ecin.13164","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecin.13164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper analyzes how individuals resolve an exploration versus exploitation trade-off in a laboratory experiment. The experiment implements the single-agent exponential bandit model. We analyze how subjects respond to changes in the prior belief, safe action, and discount factor. We find that subjects respond in the predicted direction to these changes. However, we find that subjects under-respond to the prior belief, under-respond to the safe action, and typically explore less than predicted. Our results suggest that neither risk aversion nor the random termination probability are driving under-experimentation. Our results are consistent with subjects having incorrect beliefs about exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":51380,"journal":{"name":"Economic Inquiry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ecin.13164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135045422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When the league table lies: Does outcome bias lead to informationally inefficient markets? 当排名表出现时:结果偏差会导致信息效率低下的市场吗?
IF 1.8 4区 经济学
Economic Inquiry Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.1111/ecin.13163
Raphael Flepp, Oliver Merz, Egon Franck
{"title":"When the league table lies: Does outcome bias lead to informationally inefficient markets?","authors":"Raphael Flepp,&nbsp;Oliver Merz,&nbsp;Egon Franck","doi":"10.1111/ecin.13163","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecin.13163","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study whether outcome bias persists in markets with actors who are financially incentivized to make optimal decisions. We test whether inherently noisy match outcomes from European football are correctly incorporated into prices from a betting exchange market. We find that market prices overestimate (underestimate) the winning probability of teams that previously overperformed (underperformed) in terms of match outcomes compared to their performance based on “expected goals.” This pattern is mirrored in negative (positive) betting returns on overperforming (underperforming) teams. These results suggest that even competitive market mechanisms fail to completely erase outcome bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":51380,"journal":{"name":"Economic Inquiry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ecin.13163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44188731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adverse selection in the group life insurance market 团体人寿保险市场的逆向选择
IF 1.8 4区 经济学
Economic Inquiry Pub Date : 2023-06-18 DOI: 10.1111/ecin.13159
Timothy F. Harris, Aaron Yelowitz, Jeffery Talbert, Alison Davis
{"title":"Adverse selection in the group life insurance market","authors":"Timothy F. Harris,&nbsp;Aaron Yelowitz,&nbsp;Jeffery Talbert,&nbsp;Alison Davis","doi":"10.1111/ecin.13159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.13159","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The employer-sponsored life insurance (ESLI) market is susceptible to adverse selection due to community-rated premiums, guaranteed issue coverage, and the existence of an individual market. Using payroll and healthcare claims data from a large university, we find that employees with worse health are more likely to elect coverage causing adverse selection in supplemental ESLI. Nonetheless, we find employees typically do not increase coverage following a severe illness even when they can without providing evidence of insurability. Furthermore, demand estimation shows employees are not price-sensitive and estimated increases in premiums from adverse selection are unlikely to cause significant welfare loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":51380,"journal":{"name":"Economic Inquiry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50137032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spillover benefits of carbon dioxide cap and trade: Evidence from the Toxics Release Inventory 二氧化碳限额和交易的溢出效益:来自有毒物质排放清单的证据
IF 1.8 4区 经济学
Economic Inquiry Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.1111/ecin.13162
Linh Pham, Travis Roach
{"title":"Spillover benefits of carbon dioxide cap and trade: Evidence from the Toxics Release Inventory","authors":"Linh Pham,&nbsp;Travis Roach","doi":"10.1111/ecin.13162","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecin.13162","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is necessary to meet climate goals, but these emissions are not the only harmful bi-products of fossil-fuel combustion. This paper shows how a regional cap-and-trade program designed to regulate CO<sub>2</sub> emissions affects the release of federally-regulated toxins in the Toxics Release Inventory. We find that the program reduces toxic releases from coal-fired electric plants by 78%, and that harmful metal releases (e.g., lead, mercury) have fallen by 54%. There is no evidence of spillovers into non-adopting areas. This unintended beneficial effect of the carbon dioxide cap-and-trade policy provides compelling evidence of the co-abatement of harmful compounds alongside greenhouse gas emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51380,"journal":{"name":"Economic Inquiry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44320032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do local expenditures on sports facilities affect sports participation? 地方体育设施支出是否影响体育参与？
IF 1.8 4区 经济学
Economic Inquiry Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.1111/ecin.13161
Carina Steckenleiter, Michael Lechner, Tim Pawlowski, Ute Schüttoff
{"title":"Do local expenditures on sports facilities affect sports participation?","authors":"Carina Steckenleiter,&nbsp;Michael Lechner,&nbsp;Tim Pawlowski,&nbsp;Ute Schüttoff","doi":"10.1111/ecin.13161","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecin.13161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper contributes to the literature evaluating the performance of local governments by analyzing the effect of local public expenditures on sports facilities on sports participation in Germany. To this end, we use a new data base containing public expenditures at the municipality level and link this information with individual level data. We form locally weighted averages of expenditures based on geographic distances and analyze how effects of sports facility expenditures change with different expenditures levels (“dose-response relationship”). We find no effect of sports facility expenditures on individual sports participation. These findings are robust across age groups and municipality sizes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51380,"journal":{"name":"Economic Inquiry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ecin.13161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48923272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Managerial turnover in primary care clinics 初级保健诊所的管理人员更替
IF 1.8 4区 经济学
Economic Inquiry Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.1111/ecin.13160
Samuel Cole, Duha T. Altindag
{"title":"Managerial turnover in primary care clinics","authors":"Samuel Cole,&nbsp;Duha T. Altindag","doi":"10.1111/ecin.13160","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecin.13160","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigate the relationship between primary care clinic performance and managerial turnover. Results show that profit in a year is a strong indicator of whether the administrator will keep their job in the next year, although the clinics are certified as non-profits. The effect is asymmetric. Positive profits contribute more to an administrator's chance of keeping their job than negative profits reduce it. In an extension analysis, we provide evidence that suggests new clinic managers improve their community's health by increasing access to their clinics and improving the quality of healthcare provision.</p>","PeriodicalId":51380,"journal":{"name":"Economic Inquiry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42351910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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